Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Vegan |
VeganNoun1. Someone who eats no animal products at all. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Crosswords: Vegan |
| Specialty definitions using "vegan": vegan diet. (references) |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A vegan is a person who avoids as far as possible the use of any animal products for nourishment or for any other purpose. A vegan product is one that is free of all animal ingredients. Thus, vegans are a subset of vegetarians. The word vegan, derived from VEGetariAN in 1944, when Elsie Shrigley and Donald Watson created the Vegan Society, is commonly pronounced vee-gun by its adherents.
The term vegan was originally coined to differentiate those vegetarians who (primarily for ethical or environmental reasons) sought to eliminate all animal products in all areas of their lives from those who simply avoided eating meat.
A Time/CNN poll published in Time Magazine July 7, 2002, found that 4% of Americans consider themselves vegetarians, and 5% of self-described vegetarians consider themselves vegans. This small-sampled poll may suggest that two-tenths-of-one-percent of Americans are vegans; there are about half-a-million American vegans. A 2000 poll suggested closer to 0.9% of the USA population may be vegan, i.e. 2.5 million citizens...
In the UK, research [1] showed that 0.4%, approximately 250 000 people were vegan in 2001.
There is no such thing as a "dietary vegan." A "total vegetarian" may eat a diet free of animals products for health reasons, such as avoiding cholesterol, and not out of compassion for animals. However, popular vegan author Joanne Stepaniak writes that the term "dietary vegan" is inappropriate because veganism is by definition about helping animals, and a term such as "total vegetarian" should be used for people who avoid eating animal products for health reasons but, for example, buy leather shoes.
Animal products
Animal products include all forms of meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products, fur, leather, wool, silk, and byproducts such as gelatin, rennet, whey, and the like. The Vegan Society and most vegans include insect products such as honey in their definition as well. There is some debate on the finer points of what constitutes an animal product; some vegans avoid cane sugar that has been filtered with bone char and some won't drink beers and wines clarified with egg whites, animal blood (this is exceedingly rare today), or isinglass (even though they are not present in the final product). Further, some vegans won't eat food cooked in pans if they have ever been used to cook meat, while other vegans are content to simply remove meat, fish, eggs, and milk from their diets.Motivation
Vegans use as their primary motivation the concept of reducing animal suffering. Rooted in utilitarian philosophy, as expressed by authors such as Jeremy Bentham and Peter Singer, ethical veganism is the belief that humans have a moral obligation to avoid causing suffering to any other living creature. Animals are seen to have the same inherent rights as humans to a life as free from suffering as possible. Therefore ethical vegans not only avoid eating meat and dairy products but also avoid the use of any product whose production involves the suffering of animals. Depending on one's level of commitment this can include not using certain medicines because they are tested for safety on animals. Some feel so strongly about it that they avoid buying film made from gelatin and buy digital film instead. While there continues to be a debate within the vegan community regarding these issues, the overall goal of veganism is to reduce animal suffering to the greatest extent possible. For this reason many vegans are also supportive of the animal rights movement.Similar diets
There are several diets similar to veganism, though stemming from different philosophy, including fructarianism, raw foods, and the macrobiotic diet. There are also numerous religious groups that regularly or occasionally practice a similar diet, including some sects of Buddhism, Hinduism, Jainism, and Christian sects including the Eastern Orthodox church and the Seventh-day Adventist Church.Possible problems
According to the American Dietetic Association's position paper on vegetarian diets, vegans eating a varied diet have ample sources of nutrients, but vegans should pay attention to intake of vitamin B12. There is a lot of evidence however that indicates it is not difficult to acquire sufficient levels of B12 provided one consumes a variety of foods that are supplemented with it. This includes many kinds of rice milk, soy milk, yeast extracts, breakfast cereals, meat analogs, and breads. Vegans generally have lower calcium intake than non-vegetarians but may have lower calcium requirements as well. Vegans (and vegetarians) should also take into consideration omega-3 fatty acid intake. Most people in modern countries don't get enough of this nutrient, so it's not a problem with the vegan diet per se, but higher levels of long chain omega-3s are found in fish than in plant sources. So, vegans should include abundant omega-3 sources in their diet such as flax seed, walnut and dark green vegetables.See also
External links
(See also external links on the vegetarianism page.)
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Vegan."
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| "Vegan" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 89.74% of the time. "Vegan" is used about 39 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 89.74% | 35 | 58,339 |
| Noun (proper) | 10.26% | 4 | 175,879 |
| Total | 100.00% | 39 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expression using "vegan": vegan diet. Additional references. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
vegan | 1,038 |
vegan recipe | 435 |
vegan diet | 175 |
vegan food | 58 |
vegan shoes | 57 |
vegan cookie | 27 |
vegan restaurant | 26 |
vegan cookie recipe | 25 |
vegan dessert | 25 |
vegan cooking | 24 |
cake recipe vegan | 24 |
vegan cake | 21 |
vegan dessert recipe | 19 |
vegan product | 14 |
vegan clothing | 14 |
vegan cheese | 13 |
vegan nutrition | 12 |
becoming vegan | 12 |
banana bread vegan | 12 |
vegan boot | 12 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "vegan"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | строг вегетарианец, краен вегетарианец. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | veganer. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | veganist. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | végétalien. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Veganer. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | ακραιφνής χορτοφάγος. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | טבעו י (naturalistic, vegetarian), צמחו י (vegetarian). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | vegetaliano. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | eganvay vegetalista, vegetaliano. (various references) вегетарианский (macrobiotic, vegetarian). (various references) vegetariano (vegetarian), vegetalista, vegetaliano. (various references) суворий вегетаріанець. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "vegan": veganism, veganisms, vegans. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: ganev. | |
| Words within the letters "a-e-g-n-v" | |
-1 letter: gaen, gane, gave, nave, vane, vang, vena. | |
-2 letters: age, ane, ave, eng, gae, gan, gen, nae, nag, van, veg. | |
-3 letters: ae, ag, an, en, na, ne. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-e-g-n-v" | |
+1 letter: avenge, ganevs, geneva, graven, vegans. | |
+2 letters: avenged, avenger, avenges, deaving, dogvane, engrave, evading, evangel, genevas, heaving, leaving, reaving, vaginae, vantage, vealing, ventage, vinegar, vintage, weaving. | |
+3 letters: agentive, avengers, avenging, averring, averting, behaving, cleaving, davening, dogvanes, engraved, engraver, engraves, envisage, evangels, gaveling, gingivae, gravamen, grievant, hangover, havening, havering, leavings, mangrove, navigate, negative, overhang, raveling, ravening, repaving, scavenge, sheaving, sleaving, vaginate, valeting, vantages, veganism, vegetant, venogram, ventages, vicinage, vinegars, vinegary, vintager, vintages, wavering. | |
+4 letters: achieving, advantage, advecting, adverting, agentives, averaging, beavering, bereaving, caveating, caverning, clavering, cravening, deleaving, depraving, devaluing, deviating, elevating, engravers, engraving, enslaving, envisaged, envisages, evangelic, galvanise, galvanize, gavelkind, gavelling, genitival, grapevine, gravamens, graveling, graveness, grievance, grievants, hangovers, inweaving, laveering, leavening, levanting, mangroves, marveling, navigable, navigated, navigates, negatived, negatives, overawing, overhangs, pervading, quavering, ravelings, ravelling, ravenings, reavowing, reengrave, reshaving, revaluing, revamping, revealing, reweaving, scavenged, scavenger, scavenges, shaveling, slavering, traveling, unavenged, unaverage, unweaving, upheaving, vagueness, veganisms, vengeance, venograms, vicinages, vigilance, vigilante, villenage, vinegared, vintagers. | |
+5 letters: advantaged, advantages, aggrieving, avgolemono, caregiving, changeover, crevassing, eigenvalue, eluviating, enervating, engravings, envisaging, estivating, evacuating, evaluating, evanescing, evangelism, evangelist, evangelize, evanishing, excavating, exuviating, galavanted, galivanted, galvanised, galvanises, galvanized, galvanizer, galvanizes, gavelkinds, generative, governable, governance, grapevines, gravelling, gravestone, grievances, harvesting, invaginate, invigilate, invigorate, javelining, leavenings, leveraging, levigating, levigation, levitating, lifesaving, longleaves, lovemaking, margravine, marvelling, negatively, negativing, negativism, negativist, negativity, nonvintage, overacting, overbaking, overdaring, overeating, overhating, overlading, overlaying, overmanage, overpaying, overrating, oversaving, overtaking, overtaxing, palavering, prevailing, ravagement, ravellings, reavailing, reengraved, reengraves, reinvading, renovating, savageness, scavengers, scavenging, shavelings, starveling, timesaving, travelling, traversing, unraveling, unwavering, vagabonded, vagrancies, vegetarian, vegetating, vegetation, velarizing, venenating, venerating, vengeances, venography, vernissage, vesicating, vigilances, vigilantes, villenages, vinegarish, wavelength, waveringly. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)56 65 67 61 6E |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references)...- . --. .- -. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01010110 01100101 01100111 01100001 01101110 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)V e g a n |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0056 0065 0067 0061 006E |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)5671736780 |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Usage: Commercial 4. Usage Frequency | 5. Expressions 6. Expressions: Internet 7. Translations: Modern 8. Derivations | 9. Anagrams 10. Orthography 11. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
