Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

| Language | Expression | English Translation or Definition |
| Indonesian | memfitnah | defame, calumniate, malign, traduce. |
| Malay | memfitnah | to libel, to slander. |
Source: compiled by the editor from the definition of traduce; see credits. | ||
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.