Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Neptunium |
NeptuniumNoun1. A radioactive transuranic metallic element; found in trace amounts in uranium ores; a by-product of the production of plutonium. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Etymology: Neptunium \Nep*tu"ni*um\, noun. [New Latin]. (Websters 1913) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Chemistry | Chemical element:atomic number 93. Source: European Union. (references) |
Health | A radioactive element of the actinide metals family. It has the atomic symbol Np, atomic number 93, and atomic weight 237. (references) |
Nuclear Energy & Physics | Radioactive element, symbol Np, atomic number 93. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
| General | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name, Symbol, Number | Neptunium, Np, 93 | ||||||||||||
| Chemical series | Actinides | ||||||||||||
| Group, Period, Block | _ , 7 , f | ||||||||||||
| Density, Hardness | 20250 kg/m3, n/a | ||||||||||||
| Appearance | silvery | ||||||||||||
| Atomic Properties | |||||||||||||
| Atomic weight | 237.0482 amu | ||||||||||||
| Atomic radius (calc.) | n/a (n/a) pm | ||||||||||||
| Covalent radius | n/a pm | ||||||||||||
| van der Waals radius | n/a pm | ||||||||||||
| Electron configuration | [Rn]7s7s25f46d1 | ||||||||||||
| e- 's per energy level | _ | ||||||||||||
| Oxidation states (Oxide) | _ | ||||||||||||
| Crystal structure | 3 forms: orthorhombic, tetragonal and cubic | ||||||||||||
| Physical Properties | |||||||||||||
| State of matter | solid (__) | ||||||||||||
| Melting point | _ K (1191.2°F) | ||||||||||||
| Boiling point | _ K (_ °F) | ||||||||||||
| Molar volume | _ ×1010-3 m3/mol | ||||||||||||
| Heat of vaporization | n/a kJ/mol | ||||||||||||
| Heat of fusion | _ kJ/mol | ||||||||||||
| Vapor pressure | unknown Pa at 1323 K | ||||||||||||
| Velocity of sound | unknown m/s at 293.15 K | ||||||||||||
| Miscellaneous | |||||||||||||
| Electronegativity | _ (Pauling scale) | ||||||||||||
| Specific heat capacity | unknown J/(kg*K) | ||||||||||||
| Electrical conductivity | unknown 106/m ohm | ||||||||||||
| Thermal conductivity | _ W/(m*K) | ||||||||||||
| 1st ionization potential | _ kJ/mol | ||||||||||||
| 2nd ionization potential | _ kJ/mol | ||||||||||||
| 3rd ionization potential | unknown kJ/mol | ||||||||||||
| 4th ionization potential | unknown kJ/mol | ||||||||||||
| Most Stable Isotopes | |||||||||||||
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| SI units & STP are used except where noted. | |||||||||||||
Neptunium, also known less commonly as poseidonium, is a chemical element, in the periodic table that has the symbol Np and atom number 93.
Neptunium was the first synthetic transuranium element of the actinide series discovered; the isotope 239Np was produced by Edwin McMillan and Abelson in 1940 at the Berkeley Radiation Laboratory of the University of California, Berkeley, as the result of bombarding uranium with cyclotron-produced neutrons.
The isotope 237Np (half-life of 2.14 x 106 years) is currently obtained in gram quantities as a by-product from nuclear reactors in the production of plutonium. Trace quantities of the element are actually found in nature due to transmutation reactions in uranium ores produced by the neutrons which are present. Neptunium is prepared by the reduction of NpF3 with barium or lithium vapor at about 1200oC.
Neptunium metal has a silvery appearance, is chemically reactive, and exists in at least three structural modifications: alpha-neptunium, orthorhombic, density 20.25 g/cm3, beta-neptunium (above 280oC), tetragonal, density (313oC) 19.36 g/cm3, gamma-neptunium (above 577oC), cubic, density (600oC) 18.0 g/cm3. Neptunium has four ionic oxidation states in solution: Np+3 (pale purple), analogous to the rare earth ion Pm+3, Np+4 (yellow green); NpO2+ (green blue): and NpO2++ (pale pink). These latter oxygenated species are in contrast to the rare earths which exhibit only simple ions of the (II), (III), and (IV) oxidation states in aqueous solution. The element forms tri- and tetrahalides such as NpF3, NpF4, NpCl4, NpBr3, NpI3, and oxides of the various compositions such as are found in the uranium-oxygen system, including Np3O8 and NpO2. Seventeen isotopes of neptunium are now recognized. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory has 237Np available for sale to its licensees and for export. This isotope can be used as a component in neutron detection instruments.
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Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Neptunium."
Synonym: NeptuniumSynonym: atomic number 93 (n). (additional references) |
Crosswords: Neptunium |
| Specialty definitions using "neptunium": radioactive series. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Neptunium" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses. Dutch (neptunium), French (neptunium), German (neptunium), Swedish (neptunium). |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| "Neptunium" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Neptunium" is used about 2 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 100% | 2 | 245,945 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
neptunium | 9 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "neptunium"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | neptun (Neptune). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | النبتونيوم عنصر فلزي. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | neptunium. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | neptunium. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Esperanto | neptunio. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | neptunium. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | neptunium. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | ποσειδώνιο. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | nettunio. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | ネオン管 (bottleneck, drip-dry, import restriction list, Is it so?, nack chain, Nebraska, neck, neckerchief, necking, necklace, neckline, necktie, necktie pin, necrophilia, necrophobia, nector, negative, negative color, neglect, negligee, negotiation, Nelson, neon tube, nepenta, nephron, nephrosis, nepotism, Neptune, Nescafe, -ness, nest, nest table, nesting, Nestle, net, net ball, Net citizen, net in, net play, net price, net score, netball falling in, netizen, net-mask, nettopology, network, network administration, networker, networking, Nevada, Never give up!, Never happen, Never mind, next, no carbon, no-iron, permanent snowpatch, Really?, several tables inside each other, tie, wash and wear). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | ネプツニウ . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | eptuniumnay neptuniano, neptúnio (nereid). (various references) нептуний. (various references) neptunijum. (various references) neptunio. (various references) neptunium. (various references) เนปทูเนียม. (various references) нептуній. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "neptunium": neptuniums. (additional references) | |
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"Neptunium" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: neptun, neptunians. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "neptunium" (pronounced neptuw"nēum) |
| 4 | -n ē u m | ammonium, condominium, geranium, gonium, hafnium, harmonium, millennium, minium, pandemonium, plutonium, polonium, selenium, titanium, uranium, zirconium. |
| 3 | -ē u m | alluvium, aquarium, atrium, auditorium, axiom, bacterium, barium, beryllium, cadmium, calcium, cesium, chromium, colloquium, compendium, consortium, crematorium, delirium, deuterium, disequilibrium, emporium, equilibrium, europium, fermium, gallium, gymnasium, helium, Herbarium, holmium, honorarium, idiom, indium, iridium, lawrencium, linoleum, lithium, magnesium, medium, moratorium, myocardium, nephridium, niobium, nobelium, opium, opprobrium, osmium, palladium, paramecium, petroleum, planetarium, Plasmodium, podium, potassium, premium, presidium, promethium, protium, psyllium, radium, requiem, rhodium, sodium, stadium, strontium, superpremium, symposium, tedium, tellurium, thallium, thorium, tritium, vanadium, yttrium. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "e-i-m-n-n-p-t-u-u" | |
-2 letters: pinetum. | |
-3 letters: impute, minuet, minute, muntin, mutine, pitmen, punnet, tenpin, tinmen, tuneup, unpent, untune, uptime. | |
-4 letters: ennui, inept, input, numen, penni, tempi, unite, unmet, unpen, unpin, untie. | |
-5 letters: emit, etui, item, menu, mien, mine, mint, mite, muni, mute, neum, nine, nite, pein, pent, pine, pint, punt, temp, time, tine, tump, tune, unit. | |
| Words containing the letters "e-i-m-n-n-p-t-u-u" | |
+1 letter: neptuniums. | |
+3 letters: unnilpentium. | |
+4 letters: unmanipulated, unnilpentiums. | |
+5 letters: superincumbent. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)4E 65 70 74 75 6E 69 75 6D |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references)-. . .--. - ..- -. .. ..- -- |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01001110 01100101 01110000 01110100 01110101 01101110 01101001 01110101 01101101 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)N e p t u n i u m |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)004E 0065 0070 0074 0075 006E 0069 0075 006D |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)487182868780758779 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Usage Frequency 6. Expressions: Internet 7. Translations: Modern 8. Derivations | 9. Rhymes 10. Anagrams 11. Orthography 12. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
