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Specialty Definition: IDIOTYPE

DomainDefinition
HealthThe unique antigenic determinant in the variable region. (references)
ReligionThe combined antigenic determinants (idiotopes) found on antibodies of an individual that are directed at a particular antigen; such antigenic determinants are found only in the variable region. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Specialty Expressions: IDIOTYPE

ExpressionsDomainDefinition
Idiotype (adj. idiotypic)GeologyThe characteristics of an antibody that make it unique; the idiotype is determined by the antibody's idiotope. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Extended Definition: Idiotype

Idiotype

The idiotype affects the variable region (labeled VL and VH in the diagram.)
The idiotype affects the variable region (labeled VL and VH in the diagram.)

In immunology, an idiotype is a shared characteristic between a group of immunoglobulin or T cell receptor (TCR) molecules based upon the antigen binding specificity and therefore structure of their variable region. The variable region of antigen receptors of T cells (TCRs) and B cells (immunoglobulins) contains a complementarity determining region (CDR) with a unique amino acid structure that determines the antigen specificity of the receptor. The structure formed by the CDR is known as the idiotope. Immunoglobulins or TCRs with a shared idiotope are the same idiotype. Antibody idiotype is determined by

  • Gene rearrangement
  • Junctional diversity (3-4 amino-acid differences at crossover points in immunoglobulin genes)
  • P-nucleotides (reverse-encoded nucleotides at sites of single-strand breaks)
  • N-nucleotides (randomly inserted nucleotides occuring between VH and DHJH gene segments)
  • Somatic hypermutations in memory cells

The term idiotype is sometimes used to describe the collection of multiple idiotopes, and therefore overall antigen binding capacity, possessed by an antibody.

See also

  • immunoglobulin allotype
  • Isotype (immunology)

External links

Immune system / Immunology
Systems
Adaptive immune system vs. Innate immune system • Humoral immune system vs. Cellular immune system • Complement system (Anaphylatoxins) • Intrinsic immune system
Antibodies and antigens
Antibody (Monoclonal antibodies, Polyclonal antibodies, Autoantibody) • Allotype • Isotype • Idiotype • Antigen (Superantigen) • Polyclonal B cell response
Immune cells/
WBCs
lymphoid: T cell - B cell - NK cell

myeloid: Mast cell - Basophil - Eosinophil - Macrophage

phagocytes: Neutrophil - Macrophage/Reticuloendothelial system

professional APCs: Dendritic cell - Macrophage - B cell
Immunity vs. tolerance
Immunity • Autoimmunity • Allergy • Tolerance (Central) • Immunodeficiency
Immunogenetics
Somatic hypermutation • V(D)J recombination • Immunoglobulin class switching • MHC/HLA
Substances
Cytokines • Opsonin • Cytolysin
Other
Inflammation • Epitope (Linear epitope and Conformational epitope) • Hapten • Cross-reactivity • Diagnostic immunology

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia; from the article "Idiotype". Image Credit.



Topics by Level of Interest: IDIOTYPE

Topics sorted by level of InterestLevel (1=low, 600=high)   Topics sorted AlphabeticallyLevel (1=low, 600=high)
Idiotype9   Idiotype9

Source: the editor, created by/for EVE to gauge likely levels of human interest in linguistically triggered topics (compiled across various sources, such as Wikipedia and specialty expression glosses).

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