| Part of Speech | Definition | |
| Present participle | 1. Present participle conjugation of the verb cipher.[Eve - graph theoretic] | |
| Verb Base (cipher) | 1. Convert ordinary language into code.[Wordnet]. 2. Make a mathematical calculation or computation.[Wordnet]. 3. To use figures in a mathematical process; to do sums in arithmetic.[Websters]. 4. To write in occult characters.[Websters]. 5. To get by ciphering; as, to cipher out the answer.[Websters]. 6. To decipher.[Websters]. 7. To designate by characters.[Websters]. 8. Base verb from the following inflections: ciphering, ciphered, ciphers, cipherer, cipherers, cipheringly and cipheredly.[Eve - graph theoretic] | |
Sources: compiled from various sources, (under license) copyright 2008. | Top | |
Date "CIPHERING" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1593. (references) |
Specialty Definition: CIPHERING
| Domain | Definition | ||
| Noah Webster | [Verb] Using figures, or practicing arithmetic.. Source: Webster's 1828 American Dictionary. | ||
| Wiktionary | [Verb] Present participle of cipher. (references) | ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | Top | ||
Common Expressions: cipher
| Expressions | Definition | ||
| AEAD block cipher modes of operation | Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data (AEAD) is a class of block cipher modes which encrypt (parts of) the message and authenticate the message simultaneously. (references) | ||
| Affine cipher | The Affine cipher is a special case of the more general substitution cipher. It is monoalphabetic and symmetric. (references) | ||
| Baconian cipher | The Baconian Cipher or Bacon's Cipher is a method of steganography (a method of hiding a secret message rather than technically a cipher) devised by Francis Bacon depending a person's ability to control how a text is written rather than its content. (references) | ||
| Bifid cipher | In classical cryptography, the bifid cipher is a cipher which combines the Polybius square with transposition, and uses fractionation to achieve diffusion. It was invented around 1901 by Felix Delastelle. (references) | ||
| Cipher (Pokemon) | Cipher is the organization in Pokémon Colosseum and Pokemon XD. Their goal is to turn all Pokémon into evil Shadow Pokémon by closing their hearts off. (references) | ||
| Cipher key | A key to assist in reading writings in cipher. Source: Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary. | ||
| Cipher runes | Cipher runes are the cryptographical replacement of the letters of the runic alphabet. Several schemes have been in use. (references) | ||
| Classical cipher | In cryptography, a classical cipher is a type of cipher used historically but which now have fallen, for the most part, into disuse. In general, classical ciphers operate on an alphabet of letters (such as "A-Z"), and are implemented by hand or with simple mechanical devices. By contrast, modern schemes use computers or other digital technology, and operate on bits and bytes. Classical schemes are often susceptible to ciphertext-only attacks, sometimes even without knowledge of the system itself, using tools such as frequency analysis. Sometimes classed with classical ciphers are more advanced mechanical or electro-mechanical cipher machines, such as the Enigma machine. (references) | ||
| Cryptomeria cipher | The Cryptomeria cipher, commonly referred to as C2 is a proprietary block cipher defined and licensed by the 4C Entity. It is used in the digital rights management schemes named Content Protection for Recordable Media and Content Protection for Prerecorded Media (CPRM/CPPM) which is used by the DRM parts of Secure Digital cards and DVD-Audio. (references) | ||
| Dorabella Cipher | The Dorabella Cipher is an enciphered letter written and enciphered by Edward Elgar to Miss Dora Penny (the letter was accompanied by another dated July 14,1897). She was never able to decipher it and its contents remain unknown to this day. (references) | ||
| Feistel cipher | In cryptography, a Feistel cipher is a block cipher with a particular structure, named after IBM cryptographer Horst Feistel; it is also commonly known as a Feistel network. A large proportion of block ciphers use the scheme, including the Data Encryption Standard (DES). The Feistel structure has the advantage that encryption and decryption operations are very similar, even identical in some cases, requiring only a reversal of the key schedule. Therefore the size of the code or circuitry required to implement such a cipher is nearly halved. (references) | ||
| Four-square cipher | The Four-square cipher is a manual symmetric encryption technique. It was invented by famous French cryptographer Felix Delastelle. (references) | ||
| Great Cipher | In the history of cryptography, the Great Cipher was a nomenclator cipher developed by the Rossignols, several generations of whom served the French Crown as cryptographers. It was excellent of its class and so was given this name; it was reputed to be unbreakable. And, indeed, after it went out of current use, messages in the French archives (mostly diplomatic, apparently) were entirely unreadable. (references) | ||
| Holocryptic cipher | A cipher so constructed as to afford no clew to its meaning to one ignorant of the key. Source: Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary. | ||
| Iraqi block cipher | In cryptography, the Iraqi block cipher was a block cipher published in C source code form by anonymous FTP upload around July 1999, and widely distributed on Usenet. It is a five round unbalanced Feistel cipher operating on a 256 bit block with a 160 bit key. (references) | ||
| Null cipher | A null cipher is an ancient form of encryption where the plaintext is mixed with a large amount of non-cipher material. It would today be regarded as a simple form of steganography. Null ciphers can also be used to hide ciphertext, as part of a more complex system. (references) | ||
| Permutation cipher | In classical cryptography, a permutation cipher is a transposition cipher in which the key is a permutation. (references) | ||
| Pigpen cipher | The pigpen cipher (sometimes called the masonic cipher or Freemason's cipher) is a simple substitution cipher exchanging letters for symbols based on a grid. The use of symbols is no impediment to cryptanalysis however, and cryptanalysis is identical to that of other simple substitution schemes. The example key shows one way the letters can be assigned to the grid. (references) | ||
| Product cipher | In cryptography, a product cipher is a popular type of block cipher that works by executing in sequence a number of simple transformations such as substitution, permutation, and modular arithmetic. Product ciphers usually consist of iterations of several rounds of the same algorithm. While the individual operations are not themselves secure, it is hoped that a sufficiently long chain would imbue the cipher with sufficient confusion and diffusion properties as to make it resistant to cryptanalysis. The concept of product ciphers is due to Claude Shannon, who presented the idea in his foundational paper, Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems. (references) | ||
| Rail Fence Cipher | The Rail Fence Cipher is a form of transposition cipher that gets its name from the way in which it is encoded. (references) | ||
| Stream cipher attack | Say we send messages A and B of the same length, both encrypted using same key, K. The stream cipher produces a string of bits C(K) the same length as the messages. (references) | ||
| The Alphabet Cipher | Lewis Carroll published The Alphabet-Cipher in 1868, possibly in a children's magazine. It describes what is known as a Vigenère cipher, a well-known scheme in cryptography. It is amusing to note that while Carroll calls this cipher "unbreakable", Kasiski had published a volume describing how to break such ciphers just five years earlier (see Vigenère cipher for a description of the method). (references) | ||
| Trifid cipher | In classical cryptography, the trifid cipher is a cipher invented around 1901 by Felix Delastelle, which extends the concept of the bifid cipher to a third dimension, allowing each symbol to be fractionated into 3 elements instead of two. That is, while the bifid uses the Polybius square to turn each symbol into co-ordinates on a 5 × 5 (or 6 × 6) square, the trifid turns them into co-ordinates on a 3 × 3 × 3 cube. As with the bifid, this is then combined with transposition to achieve diffusion. However a higher degree of diffusion is achieved because each output symbol depends on 3 input symbols instead of two. Thus the trifid was the first practical trigraphic substitution. (references) | ||
| Two-square cipher | The Two-square cipher is a manual symmetric encryption technique. It was developed to ease the cumbersome nature of the large encryption/decryption matrix used in the four-square cipher while still being slightly stronger than the Playfair cipher. (references) | ||
| VIC cipher | The VIC cipher was a pencil and paper cipher used by the Soviet spy Reino Hayhanen, codenamed "VICTOR". (references) | ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | Top | ||
Specialty Expressions: CIPHERING
| Expressions | Domain | Definition | |
| Ciphering and scrambling of information | Computing | Reversible logical or numerical operation designed to hide the information contained in the file so that it can be extracted only by those who have the key (1). Source: European Union. (references) | |
| Message ciphering | Computing | The coding of a message to prevent its reading by unauthorized people. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | Top | ||
