Webster's Online Dictionary
with Multilingual Thesaurus Translation

 
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Definition: Byzantine

Part of Speech Definition
Adjective 1. Of or relating to the Eastern Orthodox Church or the rites performed in it; "Byzantine monks"; "Byzantine rites".[Wordnet]
2. Of or relating to or characteristic of the Byzantine Empire or the ancient city of Byzantium.[Wordnet]
3. Highly complex or intricate and occasionally devious; "the Byzantine tax structure"; "Byzantine methods for holding on to his chairmanship".[Wordnet]
4. Characterized by elaborate scheming and intrigue; devious; "Byzantine methods for holding on to his chairmanship"; "a fine hand for Byzantine deals and cozy arrangements".[Wordnet]
5. Highly involved or intricate; "the Byzantine tax structure"; "convoluted legal language"; "convoluted reasoning"; "intricate needlework"; "an intricate labyrinth of refined phraseology"; "the plot was too involved"; "a knotty problem"; "got his way by labyrinthine maneuvering"; "Oh, what a tangled web we weave"- Sir Walter Scott; "tortuous legal procedures"; "tortuous negotiations lasting for months".[Wordnet]
6. Of or pertaining to Byzantium.[Websters]
7. Being complex, complicated, convoluted, intricate or involute. [Eve - graph theoretic]
8. Being baffling. [Eve - graph theoretic]
9. Being difficult or knotty. [Eve - graph theoretic]
10. Adjective base of the adverb byzantinely.[Eve - graph theoretic]
Adverb Form
(byzantinely)		 1. Virtually never used adverbial inflection of the adjective byzantine.[Eve - graph theoretic]
Noun 1. A native or inhabitant of Byzantium or of the Byzantine Empire.[Wordnet]
2. A gold coin, so called from being coined at Byzantium.[Websters]
3. A native or inhabitant of Byzantium, now Constantinople; sometimes, applied to an inhabitant of the modern city of Constantinople.[Websters].

Sources: compiled from various sources, (under license) copyright 2008. Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary, WordNet 3.0 Copyright © 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.

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"Byzantine" is a common misspelling or typo for: byzantines.

Date "Byzantine" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1684. (references)

Note: Byzantine \By*zan"tine\ (b[i^]*z[a^]n"t[i^]n), adjective. Of or pertaining to Byzantium. -- noun. A native or inhabitant of Byzantium, now Constantinople; sometimes, applied to an inhabitant of the modern city of Constantinople. [ Written also Bizantine.]. (references)

Specialty Definition: Byzantine

Domain Definition
Computing Byzantine A term describing any system that has so many labyrinthine internal interconnections that it would be impossible to simplify by separation into loosely coupled or linked components. The city of Byzantium, later renamed Constantinople and then Istanbul, and the Byzantine Empire were vitiated by a bureaucratic overelaboration bordering on lunacy: quadruple banked agencies, dozens or even scores of superfluous levels and officials with high flown titles unrelated to their actual function, if any. Access to the Emperor and his council was controlled by powerful and inscrutable eunuchs and by rival sports factions. [Edward Gibbon, "Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire"]. (1999-01-15) Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Common Expressions: Byzantine

Expressions Definition
Byzantine architecture The style of architecture developed in the Byzantine Empire developed after the 5th century; massive domes with square bases and round arches and spires and much use of mosaics. Source: Wordnet 3.0 Copyright © 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
Byzantine architecture Byzantine architecture is the architecture of the Byzantine empire. The empire emerged gradually after AD 330, when Constantine moved the capital of the Roman empire to Byzantium, which was later renamed Constantinople and is now Istanbul. (references)
Byzantine army The Byzantine Army was the primary military body of the Byzantine armed forces, serving alongside the Byzantine Navy. A direct descendant of the legions of the old Roman Empire, the Byzantine Army maintained a similar level of discipline, strategic prowess and organization. For much of its history in fact, the Byzantine Army was the most powerful and effective military force in all of Europe. (references)
Byzantine Catholic Metropolitan Church of Pittsburgh The Byzantine Catholic Metropolitan Church of Pittsburgh is a sui iuris, Eastern-Rite, Catholic Church consisting of the Archeparchy of Pittsburgh, the Eparchy of Passaic, the Eparchy of Parma and the Eparchy of Van Nuys. It is the only such sui iuris, Catholic Church headquartered in the United States. It was established in 1924 to serve Ruthenian Catholics due to conflicts between them and Ukrainian Catholics in the United States. (references)
Byzantine church 1: The Eastern or Greek church, as distinguished from the Western or Roman or Latin church. Source: Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary.
  2: The Catholic Church as it existed in the Byzantine Empire. Source: Wordnet 3.0 Copyright © 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
Byzantine coinage Byzantine currency, money used in the Eastern Roman Empire after the fall of the West, consisted of mainly two types of coins: the gold solidus and a variety of clearly valued bronze coins. (references)
Byzantine empire 1: The Eastern Roman or Greek empire from a. d. 364 or a. d. 395 to the capture of Constantinople by the Turks, a. d. 1453. Source: Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary.
  2: A continuation of the Roman Empire in the Middle East after its division in 395. Source: Wordnet 3.0 Copyright © 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
Byzantine failure In fault-tolerant distributed computing, a Byzantine failure is an arbitrary fault that occurs during the execution of an algorithm by a distributed system. It encompasses those faults that are commonly referred to as "crash failures" and "send and omission failures." When a Byzantine failure has occurred, the system may respond in any unpredictable way. (references)
Byzantine fault tolerance The Byzantine Generals problem and several solutions were originally described by Lamport, Shostak, and Pease in ACM Transaction on Progamming Languages and Systems in 1982 (see References). (references)
Byzantine Greek The Greek language from about 600 to 1200 AD. Source: Wordnet 3.0 Copyright © 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
Byzantine historians Historians and writers (Zonaras, Procopius, etc.) who lived in the Byzantine empire. --P. Cyc. Source: Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary.
Byzantine Literature Byzantine literature refers to literature written in the Greek language during the Middle Ages, although certain works written in Latin, like the Corpus Juris Civilis may also be included. Byzantine literature overlaps with Modern Greek literature which begins in the 11th century. (references)
Byzantine navy The Byzantine navy reached its highest point under the able sovereigns of the Macedonian dynasty (867-1056). It was divided into the imperial fleet, commanded by the Great Drungarios, the first recorded lord high admiral, and the provincial or thematic squadrons, under their strategoi. Of these there were three, the Cibyrhaeotic (Cyprus and Rhodes), the Samian and the Aegean. The thematic squadrons were maintained permanently for police purposes. The imperial fleet, which was more powerful when in commission than all three, was kept for war. A peculiar feature of the Byzantine navy was the presence in it of a corps answering to the seaman gunners and gunnery officers of modern navies. These were the siphonarioi, who worked the siphons (aujxaves) used for discharging the Greek fire. (references)
Byzantine novel Only four of these Byzantine novels exist today, just one of which is written in prose: Hysimine and Hysimines by Eusthatios Makrembolites. Two are in the duodecasyllable metre: Rodánthe and Dosiklís by Theodore Prodromos and Drósilla and Charaklís by Niketas Eugenianos—this latter being an imitation of the former. And one is in "political" verse: Arístandros and Kallithéa by Constantantine Manasses, but exists only in fragments. (references)
Byzantine Senate The Byzantine Senate was a nominal continuation of the Roman Senate, established in the 4th century by Constantine I. It survived for centuries but was increasingly irrelevant until its eventual disappearance in the 13th century. (references)
Byzantine style (Arch.), a style of architecture developed in the Byzantine empire. Note: Its leading forms are the round arch, the dome, the pillar, the circle, and the cross. The capitals of the pillars are of endless variety, and full of invention. The mosque of St. Sophia, Constantinople, and the church of St. Mark, Venice, are prominent examples of Byzantine architecture. Source: Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary.
Population of the Byzantine Empire Authors E.A. Foord and George Holmes are two historians that have attempted to determine the total population of the Byzantine Empire, but their findings are not recognised by the academic community and therefore are disregarded. There is, however, no doubt that the empire was densely populated compared to the rest of Europe during the Middle Ages. Rome, Paris, and London were overgrown villages with little infrastructure compared to Constantinople. It is claimed that in the 12th century the population of Constantinople was larger than the population of England (between 600k and one million). Professor Andreas N. Stratos estimates the population of the empire at around 10 to 15 million, but later refrains making any more estimates. (references)
Roman and Byzantine Greece Greece was a typical eastern province of the Roman Empire. The Romans sent colonies there and contributed new buildings to its cities, especially in the Agora of Athens, where the Agrippeia of Marcus Agrippa, the Library of Pantaenus, and the Tower of the Winds, among others, were built. Life in Greece continued under the Roman Empire much the same as it had previously. Roman culture was highly influenced by the Greeks; as Horace said, Graecia capta ferum victorem cepit. The epics of Homer inspired the Aeneid of Virgil, and authors such as Seneca the younger wrote using Greek styles. Although some Romans felt the Greeks were backwards and petty, the emperors tended to be more philhellenic. The emperor Nero visited Greece in 66, and performed at the Olympic Games, despite the rules against non-Greek participation. He was, of course, honoured with a victory in every contest, and in 67 he proclaimed the freedom of the Greeks at the Isthmian Games in Corinth, just as Flamininus had over 200 years previously. Hadrian was also particularly fond of the Greeks; before he became emperor he served as eponymous archon of Athens. He also built his namesake arch there, and had a Greek lover, Antinous. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Specialty Expressions: Byzantine

Expressions Domain Definition
Byzantine Art Literature 1: That symbolical system which was developed by the early Greek or Byzantine artists out of the Christian symbolism. Its chief features are the circle, dome, and round arch; and its chief symbols the lily, cross, vesica, and nimbus. St. Sophia, at Constantinople, and St. Mark, at Venice, are excellent examples.
2: (The). The Eastern or Greek Empire from 395 to 1453. Source: Brewer's Dictionary.
Byzantine generals Math The problem of reaching a consensus among distributed units if some of them give misleading answers. The original problem concerns generals plotting a coup. Some generals lie about whether they will support a particular plan and what other generals told them. What percentage of liars can a decision making algorithm tolerate and still correctly determine a consensus?. (references)
Byzantine Historians Antiquities Byzantine Historians. See Byzantinum Imperium, at the end. (references)
Byzantine Historians Literature Certain Greek historians who lived under the Eastern empire between the sixth and fifteenth centuries. They may be divided into three groups:- (1) Those whose works form a continuous history of the Byzantine empire, from the fourth century to the conquest of Constantinople by the Turks; (2) general chroniclers who wrote histories of the world from the oldest period; and (3) writers on Roman antiquities, statistics, and customs. Source: Brewer's Dictionary.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Extended Definition: Byzantine (alternative meanings)

Byzantine

The word Byzantine may refer to:

Topics directly related to the Byzantine Empire

  • A citizen of The Byzantine Empire, or native Greek during the Middle Ages (see Byzantine Greeks).
  • List of Byzantine emperors, of the late Roman Empire, called Byzantine.
  • The ancient city of Byzantium
  • Medieval Greek, the form of the Greek language spoken during the Middle Ages
  • Byzantine Rite, an ecclesial rite in the Eastern Catholic Church
  • Byzantine architecture

Other uses of the word Byzantine

  • Byzantine (band), a heavy metal band from West Virginia, USA
  • Byzantine fault tolerance in computer science
  • A manner of speech and bearing - see Derogatory use of "Byzantine"
  • Byzantine text-type manuscripts
  • Neo-Byzantine architecture an historicist or revival style

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Byzantine (disambiguation)"


Topics by Level of Interest: Byzantine

Topics sorted by level of Interest Level (1=low, 600=high)     Topics sorted Alphabetically Level (1=low, 600=high)
Byzantine Empire 311     Bristol Byzantine 11
Byzantine navy 136     Bulgarian uprising against the Byzantine Empire (1040-1041) 21
Byzantine literature 93     Byzantine & Christian Museum 4
Byzantine economy 83     Byzantine (alternative meanings) 3
Byzantine army 77     Byzantine (band) 20
List of Byzantine Emperors 74     Byzantine ancestry of Greek Royal Family 37
Byzantine dress 51     Byzantine architecture 27
Byzantine art 50     Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy 39
Byzantine Rite 44     Byzantine Armenia 24
Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy 39     Byzantine army 77
Byzantine ancestry of Greek Royal Family 37     Byzantine art 50
Byzantine coinage 34     Byzantine battle tactics 31
List of Byzantine Empire-related topics 33     Byzantine calendar 7
Byzantine battle tactics 31     Byzantine Catholic Archeparchy of Pittsburgh 8
Roman and Byzantine Greece 28     Byzantine Catholic Eparchy of Parma 6
Byzantine architecture 27     Byzantine Catholic Eparchy of Passaic 6
Byzantine Greeks 25     Byzantine Catholic Eparchy of Van Nuys 9
Byzantine music 24     Byzantine Catholic Metropolitan Church of Pittsburgh 9
Byzantine Armenia 24     Byzantine Catholic Seminary of SS. Cyril and Methodius 3
Decline of the Byzantine Empire 22     Byzantine Catholic World 3
Byzantine text-type 21     Byzantine civilisation in the twelfth century 13
Bulgarian uprising against the Byzantine Empire (1040-1041) 21     Byzantine coinage 34
Byzantine (band) 20     Byzantine commonwealth 3
Byzantine law 20     Byzantine complexity 3
Byzantine response to Orthodox Church in America autocephaly 19     Byzantine cuisine 10
Byzantine diplomacy 19     Byzantine dance 12
Byzantine science 18     Byzantine diplomacy 19
Greek Byzantine Catholic Church 18     Byzantine Discalced Carmelites 7
Byzantine scholars in the Renaissance 15     Byzantine dress 51
Byzantine medicine 13     Byzantine economy 83
Byzantine civilisation in the twelfth century 13     Byzantine Empire 311
Byzantine dance 12     Byzantine fault tolerance 11
Byzantine Senate 12     Byzantine Fresco Chapel Museum 11
Byzantine fault tolerance 11     Byzantine gardens 7
Byzantine Fresco Chapel Museum 11     Byzantine Greeks 25
List of Byzantine scientists 11     Byzantine law 20
Bristol Byzantine 11     Byzantine literature 93
Byzantine cuisine 10     Byzantine medicine 13
Byzantine Catholic Metropolitan Church of Pittsburgh 9     Byzantine music 24
Byzantine scale 9     Byzantine navy 136
St. John Chrysostom Byzantine Catholic Church (Pittsburgh) 9     Byzantine Necklace Chain 3
Byzantine Catholic Eparchy of Van Nuys 9     Byzantine novel 5
St. John the Baptist Byzantine Catholic Cathedral (Pittsburgh) 8     Byzantine response to Orthodox Church in America autocephaly 19
Population of the Byzantine Empire 8     Byzantine Rite 44
St. Michael Byzantine Catholic Church Toledo 8     Byzantine Rite Lutheranism 3
Byzantine Catholic Archeparchy of Pittsburgh 8     Byzantine scale 9
Byzantine calendar 7     Byzantine scholars in the Renaissance 15
Byzantine gardens 7     Byzantine science 18
Byzantine Discalced Carmelites 7     Byzantine Senate 12
Byzantine university 6     Byzantine Studies Conference 3
Byzantine Catholic Eparchy of Passaic 6     Byzantine text-type 21
Byzantine Catholic Eparchy of Parma 6     Byzantine university 6
Holy Ghost Byzantine Catholic Church (Pittsburgh) 6     Decline of the Byzantine Empire 22
St. John the Baptist Byzantine Catholic Cemetery 5     Faustus the Byzantine 2
Prosopography of the Byzantine World 5     Greek Byzantine Catholic Church 18
Byzantine novel 5     Holy Ghost Byzantine Catholic Church (Pittsburgh) 6
Pannonia, Byzantine Empire 5     List of Byzantine Emperors 74
Byzantine & Christian Museum 4     List of Byzantine Empire-related topics 33
Byzantine complexity 3     List of Byzantine scientists 11
Byzantine Catholic World 3     Pannonia, Byzantine Empire 5
Byzantine Catholic Seminary of SS. Cyril and Methodius 3     Population of the Byzantine Empire 8
Byzantine (alternative meanings) 3     Prosopography of the Byzantine World 5
Byzantine commonwealth 3     Roman and Byzantine Greece 28
Byzantine Rite Lutheranism 3     St. John Chrysostom Byzantine Catholic Church (Pittsburgh) 9
Byzantine Studies Conference 3     St. John the Baptist Byzantine Catholic Cathedral (Pittsburgh) 8
Byzantine Necklace Chain 3     St. John the Baptist Byzantine Catholic Cemetery 5
Faustus the Byzantine 2     St. Michael Byzantine Catholic Church Toledo 8

Source: the editor, created by/for EVE to gauge likely levels of human interest in linguistically triggered topics (compiled across various sources, such as Wikipedia and specialty expression glosses).

"Byzantine" is a common misspelling or typo for: byzantines.

Synonyms: Byzantine
Position Synonyms (sorted by strength)

Adjective

 baffling, convoluted, devious, gnarled, intricate, knobbed, knotty, labyrinthian, labyrinthine, mazy, problematic, problematical, tangled, tortuous, twisty.
Consider also: Byzantian, complex, complicated, artful, circuitous, dense, difficult, indirect, roundabout, thorny, crooked, dubious, hard, tricky, debatable, questionable, shifty.

Other

 enveloped, gnarly, involved, knotted, mired, twisting, winding, byzant.

Expression

 Byzantine architecture, emotionally involved, not straightforward.
Source: Eve, based on meta analysis. Top

Computed Synonyms: Byzantine

 Rank

 Intensity 

 Word

 Synonyms

 Synonyms of synonym

 1   5.1995   Byzantine     Byzantinesque     Greek   
 2   3.1091   Byzantine     involute     intricate, complicated, complex, involved, convoluted   
 3   3.0090   Byzantine     complex     complicated, intricate, knotty, involved, tangled   
 4   3.0090   Byzantine     convoluted     convolute, complex, intricate, complicated, twisted   
 5   2.1091   Byzantine     elaborate     detailed, considerable, sophisticated, tremendous, wide   
 6   2.1091   Byzantine     intricate     complicated, knotty, involved, elaborate, tricky   
 7   2.0091   Byzantine     Daedal     ingenious, clever, adroit, skilled, intricate   
 8   2.0091   Byzantine     sinuous     tortuous, serpentine, winding, snaky, devious   
 9   2.0091   Byzantine     knotty     tricky, difficult, complicated, hard, tough   
 10   2.0090   Byzantine     Greek     Grecian, Hellenic, Greek language, Hellene, Greece   
 11   2.0090   Byzantine     tricky     crafty, cunning, artful, sly, wily   
 12   1.5094   Byzantine     serpentine     sinuous, snaky, tortuous, winding, devious   
 13   1.3094   Byzantine     labyrinthine     intricate, mazy, involved, involute, knotty   
 14   1.3093   Byzantine     vulpine     cunning, sly, foxy, wily, crafty   
 15   1.3093   Byzantine     feline     catlike, cattish, cat, catty, sly   
--------------------     28 synonyms ranked from 16 to 43 abridged     --------------------

Source: calculated by Eve using graph theory. "Intensity" is a score indicating the number of overlapping cliques where the word pair is found (an integer before the decimal); the first digit after the decimal is the number of overlapping terminal characters up to 9; the second characters is number of leading common characters up to 9; the last two digits measure the Levenshtein distance subtracted from 100. Top

Computed Expressions: Byzantine

 Rank

 Intensity 

 Expression

 Synonyms

 Synonyms of synonym

 1   1.9994   Byzantine style     Byzantine manner         
 2   1.9994   Byzantine manner     Byzantine style         
 3   1.7789   Byzantine empress     empress     queen, The Empress   
Source: calculated by Eve using graph theory. "Intensity" is a score indicating the number of overlapping cliques where the word pair is found (an integer before the decimal); the first digit after the decimal is the number of overlapping terminal characters up to 9; the second characters is number of leading common characters up to 9; the last two digits measure the Levenshtein distance subtracted from 100. Top
Antonyms: Byzantine
Position Antonyms (sorted by strength)

Adjective

 blunt, immediate, transparent, explicit, forthright, clear, candid, honest, obvious, plain, artless, apparent, vivid, serene, cloudless, conspicuous, visible, definite, unclouded, naive, understandable, intelligible, noticeable, limpid, guileless, rude, pellucid, shiny, coarse, comprehensible.
Consider also: flat, naked, outspoken, sincere, truthful, unaffected, clean, bald, fair, decisive, severe, unreserved, upstanding, evident, unadorned, correct, lucid, spontaneous, elementary, ingenuous.

Other

 level, downright, frank.
Source: Eve, based on meta analysis. Top

Translations: Byzantine

Language Translations (or nearest inflections or synonyms, in parentheses)
Al Arabiya بيزنطي (Byzantine), بِيزَنْطِيّ (Byzantine), إمبراطور بيزنطى (Byzantine emperor), ملكة بيزانطينية (Byzantine empress). Additional references: Al Arabiya, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Al Fus-Ha بيزنطي (Byzantine), بِيزَنْطِيّ (Byzantine), إمبراطور بيزنطى (Byzantine emperor), ملكة بيزانطينية (Byzantine empress). Additional references: Al Fus-Ha, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Albanian bizantin (Byzantine, Byzantinesque). Additional references: Albanian, Turkey (Europe), Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Arabic بيزنطي (Byzantine), بِيزَنْطِيّ (Byzantine), إمبراطور بيزنطى (Byzantine emperor), ملكة بيزانطينية (Byzantine empress). Additional references: Arabic, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Armenian բյուզանդական (Byzantine). Additional references: Armenian, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Armjanski Yazyk բյուզանդական (Byzantine). Additional references: Armjanski Yazyk, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Arnaut bizantin (Byzantine, Byzantinesque). Additional references: Arnaut, Turkey (Europe), Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Bahasa Indonesia penduduk istambul (Byzantine), yang berhubungan dengan romawi timur (Byzantine), Kekaisaran Romawi Timur (Byzantine Empire). Additional references: Bahasa Indonesia, Indonesia, Java, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Bahasa Malaysia Daftar Maharaja Byzantine (List of Byzantine emperors). Additional references: Bahasa Malaysia, Malaysia, Brunei, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Bahasa Malayu Daftar Maharaja Byzantine (List of Byzantine emperors). Additional references: Bahasa Malayu, Malaysia, Brunei, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Balgarski византийски (Byzantine, Byzantinesque, Greek), византиец (Byzantine), Византийска империя (Byzantine Empire). Additional references: Balgarski, Bulgaria, Greece, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Balgarski (transliteration) vizantiyski (Byzantine, Byzantinesque, Greek), vizantiets (Byzantine), vizantiyska imperiya (Byzantine Empire). Additional references: Balgarski, Bulgaria, Greece, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Bohemian byzantský (Byzantine), Byzantinec (Byzantine), bizantskom (Byzantine), bizantskog (Byzantine), bizantski (Byzantine), bizantinski (Byzantine, Byzantines), Bizantinac (bezant, byzantine), spletitý (intricate, complicated, complex, inextricable, elaborate). Additional references: Bohemian, Czech Republic, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Brazilian Portuguese Bizantino (Byzantine). Additional references: Brazilian Portuguese, Portugal, Angola, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Bulgarian византийски (Byzantine, Byzantinesque, Greek), византиец (Byzantine), Византийска империя (Byzantine Empire). Additional references: Bulgarian, Bulgaria, Greece, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Bulgarian (transliteration) vizantiyski (Byzantine, Byzantinesque, Greek), vizantiets (Byzantine), vizantiyska imperiya (Byzantine Empire). Additional references: Bulgarian, Bulgaria, Greece, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Central Danish byzantinsk (Byzantine). Additional references: Central Danish, Denmark, Germany, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Central Tai เกี่ยวกับสถาปัตยกรรมศตวรรษที่ 5-15 ของอาณาจักร Byzantine (Byzantine). Additional references: Central Tai, Thailand, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Cestina byzantský (Byzantine), Byzantinec (Byzantine), bizantskom (Byzantine), bizantskog (Byzantine), bizantski (Byzantine), bizantinski (Byzantine, Byzantines), Bizantinac (bezant, byzantine), spletitý (intricate, complicated, complex, inextricable, elaborate). Additional references: Cestina, Czech Republic, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Chinese Simplified 画家 (painter, painters, artist, Byzantine, drawers), 拜占庭派的建筑师 (Byzantine), 拜占庭式的 (Byzantine), 拜占庭 (Byzantine, Byzantium), 东罗马帝国的 (Byzantine), 拜占庭帝国 (byzantine empire). Additional references: Chinese Simplified, China, Brunei, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Chinese Traditional 東羅馬帝國的 (Byzantine), 畫家 (painter, artist, Byzantine, drawers, knight of the brush), 拜占庭派的建築師 (Byzantine), 拜占庭式的 (Byzantine), 拜佔庭 (Byzantine), 拜占庭帝國 (byzantine empire). Additional references: Chinese Traditional, China, Brunei, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Croatian bizantskom (Byzantine), bizantskog (Byzantine), bizantski (Byzantine). Additional references: Croatian, Croatia, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Czech byzantský (Byzantine), Byzantinec (Byzantine), bizantskom (Byzantine), bizantskog (Byzantine), bizantski (Byzantine), bizantinski (Byzantine, Byzantines), Bizantinac (bezant, byzantine), spletitý (intricate, complicated, complex, inextricable, elaborate). Additional references: Czech, Czech Republic, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Daco-Rumanian bizantin (Byzantine). Additional references: Daco-Rumanian, Romania, Hungary, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Danish byzantinsk (Byzantine). Additional references: Danish, Denmark, Germany, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Dansk byzantinsk (Byzantine). Additional references: Dansk, Denmark, Germany, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Dari اهل بيزانتيهم (byzantine), وابسته بروم شرقي (Byzantine), وابسته بروم شرقی (Byzantine), بيزانسی (Byzantine), وابسته بروم شرقى (Byzantine). Additional references: Dari, Iran, Indo-European, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Deutsch byzantinerin (byzantine), Byzantiner (Byzantine), Byzantinisch (Byzantine). Additional references: Deutsch, Germany, Austria, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Dutch Byzantýns (Byzantine), Byzantýn (Byzantine), Byzantijns (Byzantine), vleiend (coaxingly, byzantine), kruiperig (Byzantine, grovelling, obseqious, obsequious, reptile), Byzantijn (Byzantine). Additional references: Dutch, Netherlands, Aruba, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Ena բյուզանդական (Byzantine). Additional references: Ena, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Ermeni Dili բյուզանդական (Byzantine). Additional references: Ermeni Dili, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Ermenice բյուզանդական (Byzantine). Additional references: Ermenice, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Filipino Silangang Imperyong Romano (Byzantine Empire). Additional references: Filipino, Philippines, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Finnish bysanttilainen (Byzantine). Additional references: Finnish, Finland, Russia (Europe), Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Français byzantin (Byzantine, Greek), Byzantine (Byzantine). Additional references: Français, France, Algeria, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
French byzantin (Byzantine, Greek), Byzantine (Byzantine). Additional references: French, France, Algeria, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Gaelg Baisantagh (Byzantine). Additional references: Gaelg, United Kingdom, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Gailck Baisantagh (Byzantine). Additional references: Gailck, United Kingdom, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Galego bizantino (Byzantine). Additional references: Galego, Spain, Portugal, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Galician bizantino (Byzantine). Additional references: Galician, Spain, Portugal, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Gallego bizantino (Byzantine). Additional references: Gallego, Spain, Portugal, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Georgian ბიზანტია (Byzantine Empire). Additional references: Georgian, Georgia, Iran, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
German byzantinerin (byzantine), Byzantiner (Byzantine), Byzantinisch (Byzantine). Additional references: German, Germany, Austria, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Greek βυζαντινόσ (byzantine). Additional references: Greek, Greece, Albania, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Greek (transliteration) vizandinos (byzantine). Additional references: Greek, Greece, Albania, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Gruzinski ბიზანტია (Byzantine Empire). Additional references: Gruzinski, Georgia, Iran, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Haieren բյուզանդական (Byzantine). Additional references: Haieren, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Hanguk Mal 비잔틴식의 (Byzantine, Byzantinesque), 비잔틴 (Byzantine), 비잔티움 사람 (Byzantine), 복잡한 (complex, complicated, involute, involved, convoluted), 동로마 제국의 (Byzantine), 비잔틴파의 건축가 (Byzantine), 비잔티움 의 (Byzantine), 비잔티움의 (Byzantine), 비잔티움 동로마 제국 (Byzantine), 비잔티움 제국 (Byzantine Empire). Additional references: Hanguk Mal, Korea, South, Korea, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Hanguohua 비잔틴식의 (Byzantine, Byzantinesque), 비잔틴 (Byzantine), 비잔티움 사람 (Byzantine), 복잡한 (complex, complicated, involute, involved, convoluted), 동로마 제국의 (Byzantine), 비잔틴파의 건축가 (Byzantine), 비잔티움 의 (Byzantine), 비잔티움의 (Byzantine), 비잔티움 동로마 제국 (Byzantine), 비잔티움 제국 (Byzantine Empire). Additional references: Hanguohua, Korea, South, Korea, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Hebrew שיש בו צביעות (Byzantine, hypocritical), שקשור לביזנטיון (Byzantine), קיסרות רומי המזרחית (Byzantine, Byzantium), התרפסות ועורמה (Byzantine), בִּיזַנְטְיוֹן (Byzantine, Byzantium), בִּיזַנְטִינִי (Byzantine), בִּיזַנְטִי (Byzantine), קיסרי ביזנטיון (List of Byzantine emperors), האימפריה הביזנטית (Byzantine Empire), אמנות ביזנטית (Byzantine art). Additional references: Hebrew, Israel, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
High Arabic بيزنطي (Byzantine), بِيزَنْطِيّ (Byzantine), إمبراطور بيزنطى (Byzantine emperor), ملكة بيزانطينية (Byzantine empress). Additional references: High Arabic, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
High German byzantinerin (byzantine), Byzantiner (Byzantine), Byzantinisch (Byzantine). Additional references: High German, Germany, Austria, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Hochdeutsch byzantinerin (byzantine), Byzantiner (Byzantine), Byzantinisch (Byzantine). Additional references: Hochdeutsch, Germany, Austria, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Hungarian bizánci (bezant, Byzantine). Additional references: Hungarian, Hungary, Austria, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Indonesian penduduk istambul (Byzantine), yang berhubungan dengan romawi timur (Byzantine), Kekaisaran Romawi Timur (Byzantine Empire). Additional references: Indonesian, Indonesia, Java, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Italian bizantino (Byzantine), Imperatori bizantini (List of Byzantine emperors), Impero Romano d'Oriente (Byzantine Empire), Monetazione bizantina (Byzantine coinage), Arte bizantina (Byzantine art), basilissa (Byzantine empress). Additional references: Italian, Italy, Croatia, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Ivrit שיש בו צביעות (Byzantine, hypocritical), שקשור לביזנטיון (Byzantine), קיסרות רומי המזרחית (Byzantine, Byzantium), התרפסות ועורמה (Byzantine), בִּיזַנְטְיוֹן (Byzantine, Byzantium), בִּיזַנְטִינִי (Byzantine), בִּיזַנְטִי (Byzantine), קיסרי ביזנטיון (List of Byzantine emperors), האימפריה הביזנטית (Byzantine Empire), אמנות ביזנטית (Byzantine art). Additional references: Ivrit, Israel, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Japanese ビザンチウムの (Byzantine), 東ローマ帝国の (Byzantine), 東方正教会の (Byzantine), ビザンチン風の (Byzantine), ビザンチウムの住民 (Byzantine), ビザンチン帝国 (Byzantine empire), 東ローマ帝国 (Byzantine Empire), ビザンティン美術 (Byzantine art), ビザンティン建築 (Byzantine architecture). Additional references: Japanese, Japan, Taiwan, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Kartuli ბიზანტია (Byzantine Empire). Additional references: Kartuli, Georgia, Iran, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Korean 비잔틴식의 (Byzantine, Byzantinesque), 비잔틴 (Byzantine), 비잔티움 사람 (Byzantine), 복잡한 (complex, complicated, involute, involved, convoluted), 동로마 제국의 (Byzantine), 비잔틴파의 건축가 (Byzantine), 비잔티움 의 (Byzantine), 비잔티움의 (Byzantine), 비잔티움 동로마 제국 (Byzantine), 비잔티움 제국 (Byzantine Empire). Additional references: Korean, Korea, South, Korea, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Latvian bizantisks (Byzantine), bizantietis (Byzantine), bizantiete (Byzantine). Additional references: Latvian, Latvia, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Latviska bizantisks (Byzantine), bizantietis (Byzantine), bizantiete (Byzantine). Additional references: Latviska, Latvia, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Lettisch bizantisks (Byzantine), bizantietis (Byzantine), bizantiete (Byzantine). Additional references: Lettisch, Latvia, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Lettish bizantisks (Byzantine), bizantietis (Byzantine), bizantiete (Byzantine). Additional references: Lettish, Latvia, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Lietuvi sudëtingas (abstruse, Byzantine, complex, complicated, convoluted), klastingas (artful, Byzantine, cattish, cunning, double-minded), bizantinis (Byzantine), Bizantijos (Byzantine). Additional references: Lietuvi, Lithuania, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Litauische sudëtingas (abstruse, Byzantine, complex, complicated, convoluted), klastingas (artful, Byzantine, cattish, cunning, double-minded), bizantinis (Byzantine), Bizantijos (Byzantine). Additional references: Litauische, Lithuania, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Litewski sudëtingas (abstruse, Byzantine, complex, complicated, convoluted), klastingas (artful, Byzantine, cattish, cunning, double-minded), bizantinis (Byzantine), Bizantijos (Byzantine). Additional references: Litewski, Lithuania, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Lithuanian sudëtingas (abstruse, Byzantine, complex, complicated, convoluted), klastingas (artful, Byzantine, cattish, cunning, double-minded), bizantinis (Byzantine), Bizantijos (Byzantine). Additional references: Lithuanian, Lithuania, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Litovskiy sudëtingas (abstruse, Byzantine, complex, complicated, convoluted), klastingas (artful, Byzantine, cattish, cunning, double-minded), bizantinis (Byzantine), Bizantijos (Byzantine). Additional references: Litovskiy, Lithuania, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Liutuviskai sudëtingas (abstruse, Byzantine, complex, complicated, convoluted), klastingas (artful, Byzantine, cattish, cunning, double-minded), bizantinis (Byzantine), Bizantijos (Byzantine). Additional references: Liutuviskai, Lithuania, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Magyar bizánci (bezant, Byzantine). Additional references: Magyar, Hungary, Austria, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Malay Daftar Maharaja Byzantine (List of Byzantine emperors). Additional references: Malay, Malaysia, Brunei, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Malayu Daftar Maharaja Byzantine (List of Byzantine emperors). Additional references: Malayu, Malaysia, Brunei, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Manx Baisantagh (Byzantine). Additional references: Manx, United Kingdom, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Manx Gaelic Baisantagh (Byzantine). Additional references: Manx Gaelic, United Kingdom, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Melaju Daftar Maharaja Byzantine (List of Byzantine emperors). Additional references: Melaju, Malaysia, Brunei, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Melayu Daftar Maharaja Byzantine (List of Byzantine emperors). Additional references: Melayu, Malaysia, Brunei, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Moldavian bizantin (Byzantine). Additional references: Moldavian, Romania, Hungary, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Parsi اهل بيزانتيهم (byzantine), وابسته بروم شرقي (Byzantine), وابسته بروم شرقی (Byzantine), بيزانسی (Byzantine), وابسته بروم شرقى (Byzantine). Additional references: Parsi, Iran, Indo-European, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Persian اهل بيزانتيهم (byzantine), وابسته بروم شرقي (Byzantine), وابسته بروم شرقی (Byzantine), بيزانسی (Byzantine), وابسته بروم شرقى (Byzantine). Additional references: Persian, Iran, Indo-European, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Persian (Farsi) اهل بيزانتيهم (byzantine), وابسته بروم شرقي (Byzantine), وابسته بروم شرقی (Byzantine), بيزانسی (Byzantine), وابسته بروم شرقى (Byzantine). Additional references: Persian (Farsi), Iran, Indo-European, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Pilipino Silangang Imperyong Romano (Byzantine Empire). Additional references: Pilipino, Philippines, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Polish bizantyjski (Byzantine). Additional references: Polish, Poland, Czech Republic, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Polnisch bizantyjski (Byzantine). Additional references: Polnisch, Poland, Czech Republic, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Polski bizantyjski (Byzantine). Additional references: Polski, Poland, Czech Republic, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Portuguese Bizantino (Byzantine). Additional references: Portuguese, Portugal, Angola, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Romanian bizantin (Byzantine). Additional references: Romanian, Romania, Hungary, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Rumanian bizantin (Byzantine). Additional references: Rumanian, Romania, Hungary, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Ruotsi bysantinsk (Byzantine, Byzantinesque), bysantin (Byzantine). Additional references: Ruotsi, Sweden, Finland, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Russian византиец (Byzantine), византийский (Byzantine, Byzantinesque), Византийские императоры (List of Byzantine emperors), Византийская империя (Byzantine Empire). Additional references: Russian, Russia, China, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Russian (transliteration) vizantiets (Byzantine), vizantiyskiy (Byzantine, Byzantinesque), vizantiyskie imperatory (List of Byzantine emperors), vizantiyskaya imperiya (Byzantine Empire). Additional references: Russian, Russia, China, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Russki византиец (Byzantine), византийский (Byzantine, Byzantinesque), Византийские императоры (List of Byzantine emperors), Византийская империя (Byzantine Empire). Additional references: Russki, Russia, China, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Russki (transliteration) vizantiets (Byzantine), vizantiyskiy (Byzantine, Byzantinesque), vizantiyskie imperatory (List of Byzantine emperors), vizantiyskaya imperiya (Byzantine Empire). Additional references: Russki, Russia, China, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Serbian (transliteration) vizantiski (Byzantine), vizantinac (Byzantine), vizantijski (Byzantine), vizantija (Byzantine), bizantijski (Byzantine), bizant (Byzantine), vizantisko carstvo (Byzantine empire). Additional references: Serbian (transliteration), Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Shkip bizantin (Byzantine, Byzantinesque). Additional references: Shkip, Turkey (Europe), Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Shqip bizantin (Byzantine, Byzantinesque). Additional references: Shqip, Turkey (Europe), Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Shqiperë bizantin (Byzantine, Byzantinesque). Additional references: Shqiperë, Turkey (Europe), Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Siamese เกี่ยวกับสถาปัตยกรรมศตวรรษที่ 5-15 ของอาณาจักร Byzantine (Byzantine). Additional references: Siamese, Thailand, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Sjaelland byzantinsk (Byzantine). Additional references: Sjaelland, Denmark, Germany, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Skchip bizantin (Byzantine, Byzantinesque). Additional references: Skchip, Turkey (Europe), Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Slovak byzantský (Byzantine), byzantská (Byzantine). Additional references: Slovak, Slovakia, Hungary, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Slovakian byzantský (Byzantine), byzantská (Byzantine). Additional references: Slovakian, Slovakia, Hungary, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Somkhuri բյուզանդական (Byzantine). Additional references: Somkhuri, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Spanish bizantino (Byzantine, academic, academical). Additional references: Spanish, Spain, Mexico, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Standard Malay Daftar Maharaja Byzantine (List of Byzantine emperors). Additional references: Standard Malay, Malaysia, Brunei, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Standard Thai เกี่ยวกับสถาปัตยกรรมศตวรรษที่ 5-15 ของอาณาจักร Byzantine (Byzantine). Additional references: Standard Thai, Thailand, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Suomea bysanttilainen (Byzantine). Additional references: Suomea, Finland, Russia (Europe), Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Suomi bysanttilainen (Byzantine). Additional references: Suomi, Finland, Russia (Europe), Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Svenska bysantinsk (Byzantine, Byzantinesque), bysantin (Byzantine). Additional references: Svenska, Sweden, Finland, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Swedish bysantinsk (Byzantine, Byzantinesque), bysantin (Byzantine). Additional references: Swedish, Sweden, Finland, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Tagalog Silangang Imperyong Romano (Byzantine Empire). Additional references: Tagalog, Philippines, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Thai เกี่ยวกับสถาปัตยกรรมศตวรรษที่ 5-15 ของอาณาจักร Byzantine (Byzantine). Additional references: Thai, Thailand, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Thaiklang เกี่ยวกับสถาปัตยกรรมศตวรรษที่ 5-15 ของอาณาจักร Byzantine (Byzantine). Additional references: Thaiklang, Thailand, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Tosk bizantin (Byzantine, Byzantinesque). Additional references: Tosk, Turkey (Europe), Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Turkish bizans (byzantine, Byzantium), bizans ile ilgili (Byzantine), Bizans İmparatorluğu (Byzantine empire). Additional references: Turkish, Turkey, Bulgaria, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Ukrainian візантієць (Byzantine), візантійський (Byzantine), Візантійська імперія (Byzantine Empire). Additional references: Ukrainian, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Ukrainian (transliteration) vіzantієtsʹ (Byzantine), vіzantіysʹkiy (Byzantine), vіzantіysʹka іmperіya (Byzantine Empire). Additional references: Ukrainian, Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Zhgabe bizantin (Byzantine, Byzantinesque). Additional references: Zhgabe, Turkey (Europe), Byzantine. (volunteer & more translations)
Source: Eve, based on a combination of meta analysis and graph theory (for near and back translations). Top

Constructed Language Translations: Byzantine

Language Translations for “Byzantine” or closest synonym(s); back translations in parentheses.
Athag Byzathagathagantathagine (Byzantine). Additional references: Athag, Byzantine. (volunteer)
Double Dutch Byzagagantagine (Byzantine). Additional references: Double Dutch, Byzantine. (volunteer)
Esperanto bizanca (Byzantine), bizancano (Byzantine). Additional references: Esperanto, Byzantine. (volunteer)
Leet 8V/z/\|\|-|-1|\|& (Byzantine). Additional references: Leet, Byzantine. (volunteer)
Oppish Byzopopantopine (Byzantine). Additional references: Oppish, Byzantine. (volunteer)
Pig Latin Yzantinebay (Byzantine). Additional references: Pig Latin, Byzantine. (volunteer)
Slovio bizantnik (Byzantine), bizantju (Byzantine, Byzantinesque). Additional references: Slovio, Byzantine. (volunteer)
Terran A paeciamteeng-seg ee kierntiog (byzantine), paeciamteeng teakog ee (byzantine), bizantnik (byzantine), bizantju (byzantine, byzantinesque), vyzantinos (byzantine), byzantinos (byzantine). Additional references: Terran A, Byzantine. (volunteer)
Terran B bizantinos (byzantine). Additional references: Terran B, Byzantine. (volunteer)
Ubbi Dubbi Byzububantubine (Byzantine). Additional references: Ubbi Dubbi, Byzantine. (volunteer)
Source: compiled by the editor. Top

Ancestral and Extinct Language Translations: Byzantine

Language Period Translations (or nearest inflections or synonyms, in parentheses)
Latin 500 BCE - 1700 Byzantinus (Byzantine), Byzantius (Byzantine), Byzantina (Byzantine), imperium (authority, command, control, power to command, rule). Additional references: Latin, Byzantine. (volunteer)
Source: compiled by the editor. Top