Lefteye flounders
Scaldfish, Arnoglossus laterna
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Actinopterygii Order: Pleuronectiformes Family: Bothidae
Genera
Arnoglossus Asterorhombus Bothus Chascanopsetta Crossorhombus Engyophrys Engyprosopon Grammatobothus Japonolaeops Kamoharaia Laeops Lophonectes Monolene Neolaeops Parabothus Perissias Psettina Taeniopsetta Tosarhombus Trichopsetta See text for species.

Lefteye flounders are a family, Bothidae, of flounders. They are called "lefteye flounders" because most species lie on the sea bottom on their right side, with both eyes on the left side. A helpful reminder when trying to recall the family name for this fish is that "Bothidae eyes are on the same side o' dey head." ^[1]

Species

There are 158 species in twenty genera:^[1][2]

• Genus Arnoglossus
  • Arnoglossus andrewsi Kurth, 1954.
  • Arabian flounder, Arnoglossus arabicus Norman, 1939.
  • Arnoglossus armstrongi Scott, 1975.
  • Spotless lefteye flounder, Arnoglossus aspilos (Bleeker, 1851).
  • Bass Strait flounder, Arnoglossus bassensis Norman, 1926.
  • Arnoglossus boops (Hector, 1875).
  • Brown lefteye flounder, Arnoglossus brunneus (Fowler, 1934).
  • Cape scaldfish, Arnoglossus capensis Boulenger, 1898.
  • East coast flounder, Arnoglossus dalgleishi (von Bonde, 1922).
  • Weak lefteye flounder, Arnoglossus debilis (Gilbert, 1905).
  • Long lefteye flounder, Arnoglossus elongatus Weber, 1913.
  • Fison's lefteye flounder, Arnoglossus fisoni Ogilby, 1898.
  • Imperial scaldfish, Arnoglossus imperialis (Rafinesque, 1810).
  • Japanese lefteye flounder, Arnoglossus japonicus Hubbs, 1915.
  • Scaldback, Arnoglossus kessleri Schmidt, 1915.
  • Scaldfish, Arnoglossus laterna (Walbaum, 1792).
  • Large-crested lefteye flounder, Arnoglossus macrolophus Alcock, 1889.
  • Arnoglossus marisrubri Klausewitz & Schneider, 1986.
  • Arnoglossus micrommatus Amaoka, Arai & Gomon, 1997.
  • Mueller's flounder, Arnoglossus muelleri (Klunzinger, 1872).
  • Arnoglossus multirastris Parin, 1983.
  • Arnoglossus nigrifrons Amaoka & Mihara, 2000.
  • Sharp-snout lefteye flounder, Arnoglossus oxyrhynchus Amaoka, 1969.
  • Many-spotted lefteye flounder, Arnoglossus polyspilus (Günther, 1880).
  • Rueppell's scaldback, Arnoglossus rueppelii (Cocco, 1844).
  • Arnoglossus sayaensis Amaoka & Imamura, 1990.
  • Witch, Arnoglossus scapha (Forster, 1801).
  • Arnoglossus septemventralis Amaoka & Mihara, 2000.
  • Arnoglossus tapeinosoma (Bleeker, 1865).
  • Dwarf lefteye flounder, Arnoglossus tenuis Günther, 1880.
  • Thor's scaldfish, Arnoglossus thori Kyle, 1913.
  • Waite's lefteye flounder, Arnoglossus waitei Norman, 1926.
  • Arnoglossus yamanakai Fukui, Yamada & Ozawa, 1988.
• Genus Asterorhombus
  • Asterorhombus annulatus (Weber, 1913).
  • Bleeker's flounder, Asterorhombus bleekeri (Macleay, 1881).
  • Angler flatfish, Asterorhombus fijiensis (Norman, 1931).
  • Intermediate flounder, Asterorhombus intermedius (Bleeker, 1865).
  • Asterorhombus osculus Amaoka & Arai, 1998.
• Genus Bothus
  • Bothus assimilis (Günther, 1862).
  • Pacific eyed flounder, Bothus constellatus (Jordan, 1889).
  • Bothus ellipticus (Poey, 1860).
  • Guinean flounder, Bothus guibei Stauch, 1966.
  • Pacific leopard flounder, Bothus leopardinus (Günther, 1862).
  • Plate fish, Bothus lunatus (Linnaeus, 1758).
  • Mottled flounder, Bothus maculiferus (Poey, 1860).
  • Flowery flounder, Bothus mancus (Broussonet, 1782).
  • St. Helena flounder, Bothus mellissi Norman, 1931.
  • Indo-Pacific oval flounder, Bothus myriaster (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846).
  • Eyed flounder, Bothus ocellatus (Günther, 1880).
  • Leopard flounder, Bothus pantherinus (Rüppell, 1830).
  • Wide-eyed flounder, Bothus podas (Delaroche, 1809).
    

    Wide-eyed flounder, Bothus podas
  • Twospot flounder, Bothus robinsi Topp & Hoff, 1972.
  • Bothus swio Hensley, 1997.
  • Bothus tricirrhitus Kotthaus, 1977.
• Genus Chascanopsetta
  • Chascanopsetta crumenalis (Gilbert & Cramer, 1897).
  • Chascanopsetta elski Foroshchuk, 1991.
  • Chascanopsetta kenyaensis Hensley & Smale, 1997.
  • Pelican flounder, Chascanopsetta lugubris Alcock, 1894.
  • Chascanopsetta megagnatha Amaoka & Parin, 1990.
  • Chascanopsetta micrognatha Amaoka & Yamamoto, 1984.
  • Chascanopsetta prognatha Norman, 1939.
  • Chascanopsetta prorigera Gilbert, 1905.
• Genus Crossorhombus
  • Blue flounder, Crossorhombus azureus (Alcock, 1889).
  • Lord Howe Island flounder, Crossorhombus howensis Hensley & Randall, 1993.
  • Crossorhombus kanekonis (Tanaka, 1918).
  • Kobe flounder, Crossorhombus kobensis (Jordan & Starks, 1906).
  • Broadbrow flounder, Crossorhombus valderostratus (Alcock, 1890).
• Genus Engyophrys
  • Speckled-tail flounder, Engyophrys sanctilaurentii Jordan & Bollman, 1890.
  • American spiny flounder, Engyophrys senta Ginsburg, 1933.
• Genus Engyprosopon
  • Engyprosopon arenicola Jordan & Evermann, 1903.
  • Bellona flounder, Engyprosopon bellonaensis Amaoka, Mihara & Rivaton, 1993.
  • Cocos Island flounder, Engyprosopon cocosensis (Bleeker, 1855).
  • Engyprosopon filimanus (Li & Wang, 1982).
  • Engyprosopon filipennis Wu & Tang, 1935.
  • Largescale flounder, Engyprosopon grandisquama (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846).
  • Engyprosopon hawaiiensis Jordan & Evermann, 1903.
  • Engyprosopon hensleyi Amaoka & Imamura, 1990.
  • Hureau's flounder, Engyprosopon hureaui Quéro & Golani, 1990.
  • Engyprosopon latifrons (Regan, 1908).
  • Engyprosopon longipelvis Amaoka, 1969.
  • Long pectoral fin flounder, Engyprosopon longipterum Amaoka, Mihara & Rivaton, 1993.
  • Engyprosopon macrolepis (Regan, 1908).
  • Olive wide-eyed flounder, Engyprosopon maldivensis (Regan, 1908).
  • Engyprosopon marquisensis Amaoka & Séret, 2005.^[3]
  • Engyprosopon mogkii (Bleeker, 1854).
  • Engyprosopon multisquama Amaoka, 1963.
  • Natal flounder, Engyprosopon natalensis Regan, 1920.
  • Engyprosopon obliquioculatum (Fowler, 1934).
  • Engyprosopon raoulensis Amaoka & Mihara, 1995.
  • Engyprosopon regani Hensley & Suzumoto, 1990.
  • Long snout flounder, Engyprosopon rostratum Amaoka, Mihara & Rivaton, 1993.
  • Engyprosopon sechellensis (Regan, 1908).
  • Seven pelvic ray flounder, Engyprosopon septempes Amaoka, Mihara & Rivaton, 1993.
  • Engyprosopon vanuatuensis Amaoka & Séret, 2005.
  • Engyprosopon xenandrus Gilbert, 1905.
  • Engyprosopon xystrias Hubbs, 1915.
• Genus Grammatobothus
  • Krempf's flounder, Grammatobothus krempfi Chabanaud, 1929.
  • Pennant flounder, Grammatobothus pennatus (Ogilby, 1913).
  • Threespot flounder, Grammatobothus polyophthalmus (Bleeker, 1865).
• Genus Japonolaeops
  • Japonolaeops dentatus Amaoka, 1969.
• Genus Kamoharaia
  • Wide-mouthed flounder, Kamoharaia megastoma (Kamohara, 1936).
• Genus Laeops
  • Clear fin-base flounder, Laeops clarus Fowler, 1934.
  • Laeops cypho Fowler, 1934.
  • Philippine slender flounder, Laeops gracilis Fowler, 1934.
  • Günther's flounder, Laeops guentheri Alcock, 1890.
  • Laeops kitaharae (Smith & Pope, 1906).
  • Laeops macrophthalmus (Alcock, 1889).
    

    Laeops macrophthalmus
  • Khaki flounder, Laeops natalensis (Regan, 1920).
  • Laeops nigrescens Lloyd, 1907.
  • Blackspotted flounder, Laeops nigromaculatus von Bonde, 1922.
  • Small headed flounder, Laeops parviceps Günther, 1880.
  • Longarm flounder, Laeops pectoralis (von Bonde, 1922).
  • Laeops tungkongensis Chen & Weng, 1965.
• Genus Lophonectes
  • Crested flounder, Lophonectes gallus Günther, 1880.
  • Lophonectes mongonuiensis (Regan, 1914).
• Genus Monolene
  • Slim flounder, Monolene antillarum Norman, 1933.
  • Asaedae flounder, Monolene asaedai Clark, 1936.
  • Monolene atrimana Goode & Bean, 1886.
    

    Monolene atrimana
  • Monolene danae Bruun, 1937.
  • Acapulco flounder, Monolene dubiosa Garman, 1899.
  • Monolene helenensis Amaoka & Imamura, 2000.
  • Pacific deepwater flounder, Monolene maculipinna Garman, 1899.
  • Monolene megalepis Woods, 1961.
  • Merten's moonflounder, Monolene mertensi (Poll, 1959).
  • Smallmouth moonflounder, Monolene microstoma (Kuronuma, 1940).
  • Deepwater flounder, Monolene sessilicauda Goode, 1880.
    

    Deepwater flounder, Monolene sessilicauda
• Genus Neolaeops
  • Crosseyed flounder, Neolaeops microphthalmus (von Bonde, 1922).
• Genus Parabothus
  • Parabothus amaokai Parin, 1983.
  • Parabothus budkeri (Chabanaud, 1943).
  • Parabothus chlorospilus (Gilbert, 1905).
  • Parabothus coarctatus (Gilbert, 1905).
  • Parabothus filipes Amaoka, Mihara & Rivaton, 1997.
  • Parabothus kiensis (Tanaka, 1918).
  • Parabothus malhensis (Regan, 1908).
  • Manyscaled flounder, Parabothus polylepis (Alcock, 1889).
  • Parabothus taiwanensis Amaoka & Shen, 1993.
• Genus Perissias
  • Striped-fin flounder, Perissias taeniopterus (Gilbert, 1890).
• Genus Psettina
  • Psettina brevirictis (Alcock, 1890).
  • Psettina filimana Li & Wang, 1982.
  • Rough-scaled flounder, Psettina gigantea Amaoka, 1963.
  • Psettina hainanensis (Wu & Tang, 1935).
  • Psettina iijimae (Jordan & Starks, 1904).
  • Psettina multisquamea Fedorov & Foroshchuk, 1988.
  • Psettina profunda (Weber, 1913).
  • Psettina senta (Ginsburg, 1933).
  • Psettina tosana Amaoka, 1963.
  • Psettina variegata (Fowler, 1934).
• Genus Taeniopsetta
  • Indo-Pacific ocellated flounder, Taeniopsetta ocellata (Günther, 1880).
  • Taeniopsetta radula Gilbert, 1905.
• Genus Tosarhombus
  • Tosarhombus brevis Amaoka, Mihara & Rivaton, 1997.
  • Tosarhombus longimanus Amaoka, Mihara & Rivaton, 1997.
  • Tosarhombus neocaledonicus Amaoka & Rivaton, 1991.
  • Tosarhombus nielseni Amaoka & Rivaton, 1991
    

    Sash flounder, Trichopsetta ventralis
  • Tosarhombus octoculatus Amaoka, 1969.
  • Tosarhombus smithi (Nielsen, 1964).
• Genus Trichopsetta
  • Caribbean flounder, Trichopsetta caribbaea Anderson & Gutherz, 1967.
  • Trichopsetta melasma Anderson & Gutherz, 1967.
  • Trichopsetta orbisulcus Anderson & Gutherz, 1967.
  • Sash flounder, Trichopsetta ventralis (Goode & Bean, 1885).

References

1. ^{a b} "Bothidae". FishBase. Ed. Rainer Froese and Daniel Pauly. February 2006 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2006.
2. Bothidae (TSN 172714). Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved on 2 April 2006.
3. Kunio Amaoka and Bernard Séret (2005). "Engyprosopon marquisensis, a new species of bothid flounder (Pleuronectiformes: Bothidae) from the Marquesas Islands (French Polynesia)". Ichthyological Research 52 (4): 373–378. doi:10.1007/s10228-005-0299-x. 

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Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia; from the article "Bothidae". Image Credit.

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