Webster's Online Dictionary
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Definition: AND gate

Part of Speech Definition
Noun 1. A circuit in a computer that fires only when all of its inputs fire.[Wordnet].

Source: WordNet 3.0 Copyright © 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.

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Extended Definition: AND gate


AND gate

INPUT OUTPUT
A B AB
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1

The AND gate is a digital logic gate that implements logical conjunction - it behaves according to the truth table to the right. A HIGH output (1) results only if both the inputs to the AND gate are HIGH (1). If neither or only one input to the AND gate is HIGH, a LOW output results.

Symbols

There are two symbols for AND gates: the 'military' symbol and the 'rectangular' symbol. These are also known as the 'American' and 'British' symbols. For more information see logic gate symbols

Equation:- output(C) = i/p(A)+ i/p(B).

'Military' AND symbol
'Military' AND symbol
'Rectangular' AND symbol
'Rectangular' AND symbol
This schematic diagram shows the arrangement of AND gates within a standard 4081 CMOS integrated circuit.
This schematic diagram shows the arrangement of AND gates within a standard 4081 CMOS integrated circuit.

Hardware description and pinout

AND Gates are basic logic gates, and are implemented in both TTL and CMOS technology ICs. The '4000 series' CMOS IC AND gate device is designated the 4081, which includes four independent, two-input, AND gates.

This device is available from most semiconductor manufacturers. It is usually available in both through-hole DIP and surface mount packages such as SOIC. Datasheets are readily available in most datasheet databases.

As well as the standard 2-Input AND Gate, 3-, 4- and 8-Input AND Gates are also available:

  • 4073: Triple 3-Input AND Gate
  • 4082: Dual 4-Input AND Gate
  • An 8-Input NAND Gate exists (4068), and this is easily made into an 8-Input AND gate by inversion of the output.

Implementations

NMOS AND gate
NMOS AND gate
PMOS AND gate
PMOS AND gate

An AND gate is usually designed using NMOS or PMOS MOSFETs as shown in the schematics to the left. The digital inputs a and b cause the output F to have the same result as the AND function.

Alternatives

AND Gate Constructed Using Only NAND Gates
AND Gate Constructed Using Only NAND Gates

If no specific AND gates are available, one can be made from NAND or NOR gates, because NAND and NOR gates are considered the "universal gates"[1] which can be used to make all the others. The configuration shown on the right shows how to use NAND gates to create the effect of an AND gate.

See also

References

  1. Mano, M. Morris and Charles R. Kime. Logic and Computer Design Fundamentals, Third Edition. Prentice Hall, 2004. p. 73.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia; from the article "AND gate". Image Credit.


Translations: AND gate

Language Translations (or nearest inflections or synonyms, in parentheses)
Brazilian Portuguese e porta (and gate), circuito E (and circuit, and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate). Additional references: Brazilian Portuguese, Portugal, Angola, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Central Danish OG-port (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate), OG-kreds (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate), AND port (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate). Additional references: Central Danish, Denmark, Germany, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Chinese Simplified 与门 (and gate). Additional references: Chinese Simplified, China, Brunei, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Chinese Traditional 與門 (and gate, and element), 且閘 (and gate). Additional references: Chinese Traditional, China, Brunei, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Danish OG-port (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate), OG-kreds (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate), AND port (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate). Additional references: Danish, Denmark, Germany, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Dansk OG-port (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate), OG-kreds (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate), AND port (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate). Additional references: Dansk, Denmark, Germany, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Finnish JA-veräjä (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate). Additional references: Finnish, Finland, Russia (Europe), and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Français porte de multiplication logique (and gate). Additional references: Français, France, Algeria, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
French porte de multiplication logique (and gate). Additional references: French, France, Algeria, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Greek στοιχείο AND (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate), πύλη AND (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate). Additional references: Greek, Greece, Albania, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Greek (transliteration) stoikheio and (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate), puli and (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate). Additional references: Greek, Greece, Albania, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Japanese 論理積素子 (and element, and gate). Additional references: Japanese, Japan, Taiwan, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Latvian UN elements (and gate). Additional references: Latvian, Latvia, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Latviska UN elements (and gate). Additional references: Latviska, Latvia, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Lettisch UN elements (and gate). Additional references: Lettisch, Latvia, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Lettish UN elements (and gate). Additional references: Lettish, Latvia, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Polish bramka koniunkcji (and circuit, and gate, and positive gate, and unit), bramka I (and gate), bramka AND (and gate). Additional references: Polish, Poland, Czech Republic, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Polnisch bramka koniunkcji (and circuit, and gate, and positive gate, and unit), bramka I (and gate), bramka AND (and gate). Additional references: Polnisch, Poland, Czech Republic, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Polski bramka koniunkcji (and circuit, and gate, and positive gate, and unit), bramka I (and gate), bramka AND (and gate). Additional references: Polski, Poland, Czech Republic, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Portuguese e porta (and gate), circuito E (and circuit, and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate). Additional references: Portuguese, Portugal, Angola, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Ruotsi och-element (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate), and-element (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate). Additional references: Ruotsi, Sweden, Finland, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Russian элемент И (and gate). Additional references: Russian, Russia, China, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Russian (transliteration) element i (and gate). Additional references: Russian, Russia, China, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Russki элемент И (and gate). Additional references: Russki, Russia, China, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Russki (transliteration) element i (and gate). Additional references: Russki, Russia, China, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Sjaelland OG-port (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate), OG-kreds (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate), AND port (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate). Additional references: Sjaelland, Denmark, Germany, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Spanish puerta Y (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate), puerta positiva Y (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate), elemento Y (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate), compuerta Y (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate), circuito Y (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate). Additional references: Spanish, Spain, Mexico, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Suomea JA-veräjä (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate). Additional references: Suomea, Finland, Russia (Europe), and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Suomi JA-veräjä (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate). Additional references: Suomi, Finland, Russia (Europe), and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Svenska och-element (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate), and-element (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate). Additional references: Svenska, Sweden, Finland, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Swedish och-element (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate), and-element (and element, and gate, and positive gate, conjunction gate). Additional references: Swedish, Sweden, Finland, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Turkish VE geçidi (and gate). Additional references: Turkish, Turkey, Bulgaria, and gate. (volunteer & more translations)
Source: Eve, based on a combination of meta analysis and graph theory (for near and back translations). Top