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Definition: Running |
RunningAdjective1. Moving quickly on foot; "heard running footsteps behind him"; "scampering children". 2. (of fluids) moving or issuing in a stream; "a mountain stream with freely running water"; "hovels without running water". 3. Continually repeated over a period of time; "a running joke among us". 4. (football) of advancing the ball by running; "the team's running plays worked better than its pass plays". 5. Executed or initiated by running; "running plays worked better than pass plays"; "took a running jump"; "a running start". 6. Running away from (or as if from) danger; "the fleeing survivors". 7. Measured lengthwise; "cost of lumber per running foot". 8. (of e.g. a machine) performing or capable of performing; "in running (or working) order"; "a functional set of brakes". Noun1. A football play in which a player runs with the ball; "the defensive line braced to stop the run"; "the coach put great emphasis on running". 2. The act of running; traveling on foot at a fast pace; "he broke into a run"; "his daily run keeps him fit". 3. The state of being in operation; "the engine is running smoothly". 4. The act of administering or being in charge of something; "he has responsibility for the running of two companies at the same time". 5. The act of participating in an athletic competition involving running on a track. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "running" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Chemical Industry | Downward movement of an applied layer of a paint or varnish. Source: European Union. (references) |
Dream Interpretation | To dream of running in company with others, is a sign that you will participate in some festivity, and you will find that your affairs are growing towards fortune. If you stumble or fall, you will lose property and reputation. Running alone, indicates that you will outstrip your friends in the race for wealth, and you will occupy a higher place in social life. If you run from danger, you will be threatened with losses, and you will despair of adjusting matters agreeably. To see others thus running, you will be oppressed by the threatened downfall of friends. To see stock running, warns you to be careful in making new trades or undertaking new tasks. Source: Ten Thousand Dreams Interpreted .... |
Literature | Running Quite out of the running. Quite out of court, not worthy of consideration. A horse which has been "scratched" is quite out of the running. (See Scratched .). Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Mining | A. The act or process of operating a drill, drilling with a bit, or lowering casing, drivepipe, or drill string into a borehole b. Earth and rock that will not stand, esp. when wetted, and falls, flows,or sloughs into a borehole or a workplace in a mine. (references) |
Slang | Verb. Source: "Running" in the meaning of "operating". Definition: Running, operating an experiment. Context: Only used when operating experiments that will last for days or weeks, often around the clock. Social Source: Physicist in laboratories. Source: Compiled by The University of Oregon. (additional references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
- For the Major League Baseball team, see Oakland Athletics.
Athletics (in the US also known as track and field or track and field athletics) is a collection of sport events, which can roughly be divided into running, throwing and jumping.
Athletic events are usually organised around a 400 m running track, on which most of the running events take place. All of the field events, jumping and throwing, take place in the field in the centre of the running track.
Many athletic events have an ancient origin and were already conducted in competitive form by the ancient Greeks. Athletics was included in the Olympic Games in 1896 and has been part of the program ever since. An international governing body, the IAAF was founded in 1912. The IAAF established separate outdoor World Championships in 1983. The AAU (Amateur Athletic Union) was the governing body in the United States until it collapsed under pressure from advancing professionalism in the late 1970's. A new governing body called The Athletics Congress (TAC) was formed, it was later renamed USA Track and Field (USATF or USA T&F). An additional, less structured organization, the Road Runners Club of America (RRCA) also exists in the USA to promote road racing. Both organizations allow athletes to receive money for racing putting an end to the "shamateurism" that existed before.
Events
This is not an exhaustive list of events. There are many variations not listed. For example, running events have many variations: races of unusual length (e.g. 300m) or using imperial measures.Men and women do not compete against each other and often times their events differ.
- Track running
- Sprints: events up to and including 400m. Common events are 60m, 100m, 200 m and 400 m.
- Middle distance: events from 800 to 3000 m. Common events are 800 m, 1500 m, mile, 3000 m, 3000 m steeple chase.
- Long Distance: events from 5000 m and up. Common events are 5000 m and 10000 m.
- Hurdling: Common events are 100 m, 110 m, 400 m.
- Road: conducted on open roads. Common events are half-marathon and marathon.
- Walking: walking, usually conducted on open roads. Common events are 10 km, 20 km and 50 km.
- Throwing
- Shot put
- Hammer throw
- Javelin throw
- Discus throw
- Jumping
- High jump
- Long jump
- Pole vault
- Triple jump
- Composite events
- Pentathlon
- Heptathlon
- Decathlon
World Records
Men
Event Performance Athlete Date, Place 100 m 9.78 Tim Montgomery (U.S.) Sept. 14, 2002, Paris, France 200 m 19.32 Michael Johnson (U.S.) Aug. 1, 1996, Atlanta, Ga. 400 m 43.18 Michael Johnson (U.S.) Aug. 26, 1999, Seville, Spain 800 m 1:41.11 Wilson Kipketer (Denmark) Aug. 24, 1997, Cologne, Germany 1,000 m 2:11.96 Noah Ngeny (Kenya) Sept. 5, 1999, Rieti, Italy 1,500 m 3:26.00 Hicham El Guerrouj (Morocco) July 14, 1998, Rome, Italy 2,000 m 4:44.79 Hicham El Guerrouj (Morocco) Sept. 7, 1999, Berlin, Germany 3,000 m 7:20.67 Daniel Komen (Kenya) Sept. 1, 1996, Rieti, Italy 5,000 m 12:39.36 Haile Gebrselassie (Ethiopia) June 13, 1998, Helsinki, Finland 10,000 m 26:22.75 Haile Gebrselassie (Ethiopia) June 1, 1998, Hengelo, Netherlands 20,000 m 56:55.6 Arturo Barrios (Mexico) March 30, 1991, La Flèche, France 25,000 m 1:13:55.8 Toshihiko Seko (Japan) March 22, 1981, Christchurch, N.Z. 30,000 m 1:29:18.8 Toshihiko Seko (Japan) March 22, 1981, Christchurch, N.Z. 3,000 m Steeplechase 7:55.72 Brahim Boulami (Morocco) Aug. 16, 2002, Zürich, Switzerland 110 m Hurdles 12.91 Colin Jackson (U.K.) Aug. 20, 1993, Stuttgart, Germany 400 m Hurdles 46.78 Kevin Young (U.S.) Aug. 6, 1992, Barcelona, Spain High Jump 2.45 Javier Sotomayor (Cuba) July 27, 1993, Salamanca, Spain Pole Vault 6.14 Sergey Bubka (Ukraine) July 31, 1994, Sestriere, Italy Long Jump 8.95 Mike Powell (U.S.) Aug. 30, 1991, Tokyo, Japan Triple Jump 18.29 Jonathan Edwards (U.K.) Aug. 7, 1995, Göteborg, Sweden Shot Put 23.12 Randy Barnes (U.S.) May 20, 1990, Los Angeles, Calif. Discus 74.08 Jürgen Schult (E.Ger.) June 6, 1986, Neubrandenburg, E.Ger. Hammer 86.74 Yury Syedikh (U.S.S.R.) Aug. 30, 1986, Stuttgart, W.Ger. Javelin 98.48 Jan Zelezný (Czech Rep.) May 25, 1996, Jena, Germany Decathlon 9026 (10.64, 8.11, 15.33, 2.12, 47.79, 13.92, 47.92, 4.80, 70.16, 4:21.98) Roman Sebrle (Czech Rep.) May 27, 2001, Götzis, Austria 20,000 m Walk 1:17:21 Jefferson Pérez (Ecuador) Aug. 23, 2003, Paris, France 30,000 m Walk 2:01:44.1 Maurizio Damilano (Italy) Oct. 3, 1992, Cuneo, Italy 50,000 m Walk 3:40:57.9 Thierry Toutain (France) Sept. 29, 1996, Héricourt, France 4x100 m Relay 37.40 Mike Marsh, Leroy Burrell, Dennis Mitchell, Carl Lewis (U.S.) Aug. 8, 1992, Barcelona, Spain 4x200 m Relay 1:18.68 Mike Marsh, Leroy Burrell, Floyd Heard, Carl Lewis (U.S.) April 17, 1994, Walnut, Calif. 4x400 m Relay 2:54.20 Jerome Young, Antonio Pettigrew, Tyree Washington, Michael Johnson (U.S.) July 22, 1998, New York City 4x800 m Relay 7:03.89 Peter Elliott, Garry Cook, Steve Cram, Sebastian Coe (U.K.) Aug. 30, 1982, London, England 4x1,500 m Relay 14:38.8 Thomas Wessinghage, Harald Hudak, Michael Lederer, Karl Fleschen (W.Ger.) Aug. 17, 1977, Cologne, W.Ger. 4x110 m Hurdles Relay 54.40 University of Tennessee (U.S.) May 22, 1981, Knoxville, Tenn. Marathon 2:04:55 Paul Tergat (Kenya) Sept. 28, 2003, Berlin, Germany
Women
Event Performance Athlete Date, Place 100 m 10.49 Florence Griffith Joyner (U.S.) July 16, 1988, Indianapolis, Ind. 200 m 21.34 Florence Griffith Joyner (U.S.) Sept. 29, 1988, Seoul, S.Kor. 400 m 47.60 Marita Koch (E.Ger.) Oct. 6, 1985, Canberra, Australia 800 m 1:53.28 Jarmila Kratochvílová (Czechoslovakia) July 26, 1983, Munich, W.Ger. 1,000 m 2:28.98 Svetlana Masterkova (Russia) Aug. 23, 1996, Brussels, Belgium 1,500 m 3:50.46 Qu Junxia (China) Sept. 11, 1993, Beijing, China 2,000 m 5:25.36 Sonia O'Sullivan (Ireland) July 8, 1994, Edinburgh, Scotland 3,000 m 8:06.11 Wang Junxia (China) Sept. 13, 1993, Beijing, China 5,000 m 14:28.09 Jiang Bo (China) Oct. 23, 1997, Shanghai, China 10,000 m 29:31.78 Wang Junxia (China) Sept. 8, 1993, Beijing, China 20,000 m 1:05:26.6 Tegla Loroupe (Kenya) Sept. 3, 2000, Borgholzhausen, Germany 25,000 m 1:27:05.8 Tegla Loroupe (Kenya) Sept. 21, 2002, Mengerskirchen, Germany 30,000 m 1:45:50.0 Tegla Loroupe (Kenya) June 7, 2003, Warstein, Germany 100 m Hurdles 12.21 Yordanka Donkova (Bulgaria) Aug. 20, 1988, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria 400 m Hurdles 52.61 Kim Batten (U.S.) Aug. 11, 1995, Göteborg, Sweden High Jump 2.09 Stefka Kostadinova (Bulgaria) Aug. 30, 1987, Rome, Italy Pole Vault 4.82 Yelena Isinbayeva (Russia) July 13, 2003, Gateshead, England Long Jump 7.52 Galina Chistyakova (U.S.S.R.) June 11, 1988, Leningrad, U.S.S.R. Triple Jump 15.50 Inesa Kravets (Ukraine) Aug. 10, 1995, Göteborg, Sweden Shot Put 22.63 Natalya Lisovskaya (U.S.S.R.) June 7, 1987, Moscow, U.S.S.R. Discus 76.80 Gabriele Reinsch (E.Ger.) July 9, 1988, Neubrandenburg, E.Ger. Hammer 75.97 Mihaela Melinte (Romania) May 13, 1999, Clermont-Ferrand, France Javelin 71.54 Osleidys Menéndez (Cuba) July 1, 2001, Rethymno, Greece Heptathlon 7291 (12.69, 1.86, 15.80, 22.56, 7.27, 45.66, 2:08.51) Jackie Joyner-Kersee (U.S.) Sept. 23-24, 1988, Seoul, S.Kor. 5,000 m Walk 20:02.60 Gillian O'Sullivan (Ireland) July 13, 2002, Dublin, Ireland 10,000 m Walk 41:56.23 Nadezhda Ryashkina (U.S.S.R.) July 24, 1990, Seattle, Wash. 4x100 m Relay 41.37 Silke Gladisch, Sabine Rieger, Ingrid Auerswald, Marlies Göhr (E.Ger.) Oct. 6, 1985, Canberra, Australia 4x200 m Relay 1:27.46 LaTasha Jenkins, LaTasha Colander-Richardson, Nanceen Perry, Marion Jones (U.S.) April 29, 2000, Philadelphia, Pa. 4x400 m Relay 3:15.17 Tatyana Ledovskaya, Olga Nazarova, Mariya Pinigina, Olga Bryzgina (U.S.S.R.) Oct. 1, 1988, Seoul, S.Kor. 4x800 m Relay 7:50.17 Nadezhda Olizarenko, Lyubov Gurina, Lyudmila Borisova, Irina Podyalovskaya (U.S.S.R.) Aug. 5, 1984, Moscow, U.S.S.R. Marathon 2:15:25 Paula Radcliffe (U.K.) April 13, 2003, London, England
See also
- List of sports
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Athletics."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Running is the fastest means of locomotion for animals with legs, including humans without a vehicle or other tool. Defined in sporting terms as a gait in which at some point all feet are off the ground at the same time.
Running is a form of aerobic exercise.
Jogging
Jogging is a type of slow running that became common in the 1970s in the West. Jogging fell from favor as it is a "high-impact" exercise that places strain on the body, notably the joints of the knee. This is one of the whole ideas of the exercise, as the impact drives growth processes in the body, but many had dropped jogging to take up "low-impact" exercises such as stair climbing.
Competitive running
Perhaps the most basic of athletic contests, running races are simply contests to determine which of the competitors is able to run a certain distance fastest. Today, competitive running events make up the core of the sport of athletics.
Running competitions have probably existed for most of humanity's history, and were a key part of the ancient Greek Olympics, as well as the modern Olympic games.
Running events are usually grouped into several classes, each requiring substantially different athletic strengths and involving different tactics, training methods, and types of competitors.
Types of running events:
Classification of running by distance:
- Track running
- Road running
- Cross-country running
- Sprints
- Middle distance
- Long distance
- Ultrarunning
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Running."
Synonyms: RunningSynonyms: fleeing(a) (adj), functional (adj), linear (adj), operative (adj), running(a) (adj), scampering(a) (adj), working(a) (adj), run (n), running game (n), running play (n), track (n). (additional references) |
| Antonyms: passing(a) (adj), standing(a) (adj). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Continuity | Adverb: continuously; Adjective: seriatim; in a line; Noun: in succession, in turn; running, gradually, step by step, gradatim, at a stretch; in file, in column, in single file, in Indian file. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Running |
| English words defined with "running": Hand running ♦ running shoe, running title. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "running": assisted running ♦ dry running ♦ Martin's Running Footman ♦ paired running, PIG RUNNING ♦ Running Footman, RUNNING HORSE, Running Leather, running marks, RUNNING SMOBBLE, RUNNING STATIONERS, Running the Hood. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "running": syndrome. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Awwyou know that was the hardest part of having to portray youyou running like an idiot every fifteen minutes (Mission: Impossible II; writing credit: Bruce Geller; Ronald D. Moore) That's how it always starts. Then later there's running and screaming (The Lost World: Jurassic Park; writing credit: David Koepp) From that day on, if I was ever going somewhere, I was running! (Forrest Gump; writing credit: Eric Roth) I don't think that it's a good idea for you to be running all over New York all by yourself (Home Alone 2: Lost in New York; writing credit: John Hughes) Excluding the possibility that a female Scandinavian Olympian was running around outside our house last night, what else could it have been (Signs; writing credit: M. Night Shyamalan) | |
Lyrics | Why are you running away (Running Away; performing artist: Hoobastank) I don't know where I'm running now, I'm just running on (RUNNING ON EMPTY; performing artist: JACKSON BROWN) We were running with the night (Running With the Night; performing artist: Lionel Richie) Running away with me. (Just My Imagination (Running Away With Me); performing artist: The Temptations) Advertising that our time is running (Clockwork Creep; performing artist: 10CC) | |
Clever | Don't upset me. I'm running out of places to hide the bodies. (references; author: unknown) Equator: A menagerie lion running around the Earth through Africa. (references; author: unknown) What boys say to girls: Are your legs tired? Because you've been running through my mind ALL day long. (references; author: unknown) If your left hand doesn't know what your right hand is doing, you should consider running for a job in Washington, DC. (references; author: unknown) How to act insane: When leaving the zoo, start running towards the parking lot, yelling, "Run for your lives, they're loose! (references; author: unknown) | |
Tongue Twisters | Running reindeer romp 'round red wreaths. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Running Time (2002) Animals Running (1974) Running Time (1974) Exercise Running Jump II (1972) Time Is Running Out (1970) | |
Song Titles | Running Away (performing artist: Hoobastank) Running On Empty (performing artist: Jackson Browne) Running Bear (performing artist: Johnny Preston) Running With The Night (performing artist: Lionel Richie) Silent Running (On Dangerous Ground) (performing artist: Mike + The Mechanics) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Shown is the 5 A Day ad "The Original Fast Food" that appeared in Washington D.C.'s Metrorail stations during September 1993. The ad has running figurines in the shapes of a banana, an orange juice box, a tomato, carrot and broccoli. Credit: Fred Hirsch (photographer). |  | Shown is a 5-A-Day ad "The Original Fast Food" that appeared on metrobuses in the Washington D.C. area during September, 1993. The ad includes a running banana, orange juice box, tomoato, carrot and broccoli figurines. Credit: Fred Hirsch (photographer). |
 | People running for fitness. Exercise. Credit: CDC. |  | "Traveling Wave 1" (movie) by Сергей Бирюков (Sergei Biryukov). In this movie, and in "Traveling Wave 2", you can use DPGraph's scrollbar to vary the parameters A, B, C, and D, to alter the movie while it is running. |
 | Polar bear - Ursus maritimus - appears to be stalking walrus - in fact was running from helicopter noise. Credit: NOAA's Ark (Animals). |  | "Running through 1/2" melted hail" White 1 and 1/2 ton truck Astro party of C.V. Hodgson. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |
 | Running Snow Hole Rapids on Salmon River Transportation for level party Level party of Ira Rubottom. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |  | Fisherman's dream - sunset, moonrise, Mt. Rainier, and the salmon were running. Credit: America's Coastlines. |
 | Survey launch running near the shore at Cross Island. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. |  | Dolphin running ahead of the JOHN N. COBB. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Running man" by Ben Stirling Commentary: "A man running through the streets of London." | "Running cat" by Samy Yang Commentary: "I met some very friendly kittens over the summer at church camp. I fell in love with them.. too bad I couldn't take them with me. But they were kind of wild... I don't think anyone was taking care of them :( I took this picture while one of them was ru" |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Play | Caption | Play | Caption |
 | Stampede of horses running by. | | Blender turning on and motor running. |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Author Unknown | The race is not always to the swift, but to those who keep on running. |
Benjamin Franklin | The second vice is lying, the first is running in debt. |
Gaius Valerius Catullus | What a woman says to her ardent lover should be written in wind and running water. |
Gregory The Great | Holy Scripture is a stream of running water, where alike the elephant may swim, and the lamb walk without losing its feet. |
Liz Smith | Gossip is news running ahead of itself in a red satin dress. |
Seneca | Even if it is to be, what end do you serve by running to distress? |
Spenser | The troubled blood through his pale face was seen to come and go with tidings from his heart, as it a running messenger had been. |
St. Ignatius Loyola | Let me look at the foulness and ugliness of my body. Let me see myself as an ulcerous sore running with every horrible and disgusting poison. |
William Shakespeare | Our life, exempt from public haunt, finds tongues in trees, books in the running brooks, sermons in stones, and good in everything. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | Though the water running in the fountain be every one's, yet who can doubt, but that in the pitcher is his only who drew it out? His labour hath taken it out of the hands of nature, where it was common, and belonged equally to all her children, and hath thereby appropriated it to himself. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | Any Allied or Associated Power may within three months of the coming into force of the present Treaty cancel all the contracts of insurance running between a German insurance company and its nationals under conditions which shall protect its nationals from any prejudice. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Sylvie and Bruno Concluded | Carroll, Lewis | People began running in and out. |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | Running beer gathers no foam |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | The sea had fallen below the line of seawrack on the shallow side of the breakwater and already the tide was running out fast along the foreshore |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | The water was higher than the running board |
Gulliver's Travels | Swift, Jonathan | But I could see four or five men running in great haste up the stairs to the top of the island, who then disappeared |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | Of course, a stream running through, or an island in the pond, would make the problem much more complicated |
As You Like It | William Shakespeare | Sweet are the uses of adversity, Which like the toad, ugly and venomous, Wears yet a precious jewel in his head; And this our life, exempt from public haunt, Finds tongues in trees, books in the running brooks, Sermons in the stones, and good in every thing |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Benign exertional headache is brought on by running, lifting, coughing, sneezing, or bending. (references) | |
Check with your doctor before starting exercise that can be hard on your feet, such as running or aerobics. (references) | ||
In other words, FDA does not tell doctors what to do when running their business or what they can or cannot tell their patients. (references) | ||
Business | EURO II buses are presently running on 52 routes in Bangkok. (references) | |
Polish users prefer engineering software running on the PC platform. (references) | ||
However, the Government still plays a very large role in running the economy. (references) | ||
Children | Somalia | Schools at all levels lack textbooks, laboratory equipment, and running water. (references) |
Paraguay | The physical facilities of the hospital lack running water, electricity, or even roofs, and the hospital is severely understaffed. (references) | |
United Kingdom | Persons with Disabilities The Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) prohibits discrimination against persons with disabilities in the provision of access to public facilities by employers of more than 15 workers, service providers (apart from those providing education or running transport vehicles), and anyone selling or renting property. (references) | |
Civil Liberties | India | Anyone running an "anti-Indian" site risks up to five years in prison. (references) |
Bangladesh | Ali apparently had a running dispute with one of his cousins over the ownership of land. (references) | |
Cambodia | Election observers and political parties running against the CPP in local elections complained that they were not given equal access to the media. (references) | |
Discrimination | Zambia | These amendments also prohibit traditional chiefs, who are accorded authority and privileges as chiefs, from running for political office unless they resign their chieftainships. (references) |
Economic History | Cyprus | First phase is currently running on heavy fuel oil. (references) |
Swaziland | It also has railroads running east to west and north to south. (references) | |
Human Rights | South Africa | The villages have no running water or electricity. (references) |
Bahamas | Male prisoners are crowded into poorly ventilated cells that generally lack regular running water. (references) | |
Honduras | That immunity extends to candidates running for office and to acts committed before taking office. (references) | |
Minorities | Greece | Most Romani camps have no running water, electricity, garbage disposal, or sewage treatment. (references) |
Dominican Republic | Perhaps 500,000 Haitian immigrants--or 7 percent of the country's population--live in shantytowns or sugar cane work camps, in harsh conditions with limited or no electricity, running water, or schooling. (references) | |
Political Economy | THE BAHAMAS | The Bahamian Stock Market is now up and running with 15 stocks. (references) |
Political Rights | Kazakhstan | One member of the opposition RNPK won a seat after running as an independent candidate. (references) |
Egypt | In addition previous convictions on such charges legally precluded many potential candidates from running. (references) | |
Swaziland | Chiefs are custodians of Swazi law and custom and are responsible for the day-to-day running of their chiefdom. (references) | |
Trade | Australia | Australian electrical voltage is 220-240 Volts, 50 cycle, meaning electrical equipment and machines running on electrical cycles must be modified or made for use at this higher (than the U.S. and Europe) voltage level. (references) |
Costa Rica | Local currency lending rates of the state-owned banks were slightly over 24 percent for most business borrowers as of August 2000. Deposit rates were approximately 14.25 percent for six month CDs. Inflation was running slightly over 10 percent. (references) | |
Travel | Peru | Two operators are currently running three railway systems. (references) |
Women | Vanuatu | Women interested in running for public office received encouragement and help from an NGO, Vanuatu Women in Politics (VANWIP). (references) |
Brazil | Adult prostitution is not illegal; however, various associated activities, such as running an establishment of prostitution, are illegal. (references) | |
Japan | In March Keio Electric Railway Company decided to make a trial women-only rail car program permanent, reserving one car only for women on all express and limited express trains running after 11 p.m. Monday to Friday. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Kuwait | Workers are housed 10 or more to a room in squalid conditions, many without access to adequate running water. (references) |
Dominican Republic | Most sugar cane worker villages lack schools, medical facilities, running water, and sewage systems, and have high rates of disease. (references) | |
Australia | This decision ended a long running dispute between BHP, which had refused to negotiate a collective agreement, and the iron ore miners. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | OPPOSITION, n. In politics the party that prevents the Government from running amuck by hamstringing it. The King of Ghargaroo, who had been abroad to study the science of government, appointed one hundred of his fattest subjects as members of a parliament to make laws for the collection of revenue. Forty of these he named the Party of Opposition and had his Prime Minister carefully instruct them in their duty of opposing every royal measure. Nevertheless, the first one that was submitted passed unanimously. Greatly displeased, the King vetoed it, informing the Opposition that if they did that again they would pay for their obstinacy with their heads. The entire forty promptly disemboweled themselves. "What shall we do now?" the King asked. "Liberal institutions cannot be maintained without a party of Opposition." "Splendor of the universe," replied the Prime Minister, "it is true these dogs of darkness have no longer their credentials, but all is not lost. Leave the matter to this worm of the dust." So the Minister had the bodies of his Majesty's Opposition embalmed and stuffed with straw, put back into the seats of power and nailed there. Forty votes were recorded against every bill and the nation prospered. But one day a bill imposing a tax on warts was defeated -- the members of the Government party had not been nailed to their seats! This so enraged the King that the Prime Minister was put to death, the parliament was dissolved with a battery of artillery, and government of the people, by the people, for the people perished from Ghargaroo. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Al Hunt | Bob, I think what we're seeing in Israel today is that Ariel Sharon's formula of massive retaliation is running head on against international realities, including U.S. pressure. |
Bill Clinton | Oh God, I hated running against him because I like him so much. I hated the debates, I hated getting prepared to try to punch and counterpunch and all that. |
Bob Schieffer | Well, you know, part of that time when they said he was at an undisclosed location, apparently he had taken off a couple days to go hunting. So I don't guess you can blame a fellow for doing that when the pheasant are running or whatever they do. |
Jodie Foster | I like Forrest Whitaker a lot. We didn't have a lot to do with each other because he's either running after me or I'm running after him. So we don't have a lot of scenes together. But, Dwight Yoakam is also in the film, who is wonderful, and Jared Leto. |
Prince Albert of Monaco | Yeah. As I said, it's a running start, but the time cell is probably maybe eight feet away from the actual block where you start off from. |
Rush Limbaugh | We had the highest sustained economic recovery of the post-war period when the deficit was running through the roof thanks to the Democrats in Congress. |
Tom Brokaw | The difference is that this time, obviously, that the United States is poised and ready to go to war. The clock is now running at a faster pace, I think it is fair to say. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Thomas Jefferson | 1801-1809 | The great abundance of running water which this situation possesses, at heights far above the level of the tide, if employed as is practiced for lock navigation, furnishes the means for raising and laying up our vessels on a dry and sheltered bed. |
Andrew Jackson | 1829-1837 | However proper the limitation may be in relation to private citizens, it would seem that it ought not to commence running in favor of public officers until they go out of office. |
John F. Kennedy | 1961-1963 | Cabling can be seen running from the missile-ready tents to power generators nearby. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | With bipartisan support from Congress, the bill passed, and I am pleased to say that implementation is running well ahead of the statutory schedule. |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | Such groups are almost invariably far more efficient than government in running social programs. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Running" is generally used as a lexical verb (-ing form) -- approximately 80.34% of the time. "Running" is used about 9,331 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Lexical Verb (-ing form) | 80.34% | 7,497 | 1,288 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 16.81% | 1,568 | 5,261 |
| Noun (singular) | 2.82% | 263 | 18,193 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.03% | 3 | 202,518 |
| Total | 100.00% | 9,331 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "running" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Running | Last name | 400 | 19,459 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
Expressions using "running": a running sore ♦ all running in one direction ♦ assisted running ♦ asynchronous running ♦ at long running ♦ be out of the running ♦ be running a temperature ♦ be running out ♦ be tired with running about ♦ being out of the running ♦ blockade running ♦ come running ♦ come running up ♦ daytime running lamps ♦ daytime running lights ♦ dry running ♦ for several days running ♦ gun running ♦ Hand running ♦ idle running ♦ in perfect running ♦ in running order ♦ leave running ♦ make running in ♦ make the running ♦ middle distance running ♦ our sands are running out ♦ out of the running ♦ paired running ♦ per running metre ♦ reverse running ♦ running about ♦ running account ♦ running after ♦ running aground ♦ running away ♦ running back ♦ running battle ♦ running blackberry ♦ running block ♦ running board ♦ Running bowsprit ♦ running cold ♦ running commentary ♦ running costs ♦ running custard ♦ Running days ♦ running down ♦ running expenses ♦ running eyes ♦ running fight ♦ running fire ♦ running fit ♦ running fix ♦ running foot ♦ running game ♦ running gear ♦ running glance ♦ running hand ♦ running head ♦ running headline ♦ running in ♦ running in reverse ♦ running jump ♦ running knot ♦ running light ♦ running load ♦ running marks ♦ running mate ♦ running means ♦ running noose ♦ running number ♦ running over ♦ Running part ♦ running pine ♦ running play ♦ running pop ♦ running postman ♦ running repairs ♦ running rigging ♦ running shoe ♦ running sore ♦ Running Springs ♦ running starker ♦ running start ♦ running stitch ♦ running stock ♦ running style ♦ running the gauntlet ♦ running time ♦ running title ♦ running to waste ♦ running track ♦ running trap ♦ running water ♦ set off running ♦ slow running ♦ smooth running ♦ start running ♦ the mind running on other things ♦ the running. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "running": running-account, running-back, running-board, running-boards, running-boy, running-costs, running-down, running-i, running-in, running-mate, running-mates, running-on, running-out, running-shed, running-shoe, running-shoes, running-shorts, running-slip, running-stitch, running-the, running-through-the-woods, running-time, running-track, running-up, running-water. | |
Ending with "running": bull-running, drug-running, fast-running, free-running, front-running, gun-running, hard-running, longest-running, long-running, over-running, rat-running, re-running, smooth-running, still-running, strong-running. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
running shoes | 4,521 | trail running | 141 |
running | 4,218 | cross country running | 140 |
running boards | 694 | running wild | 137 |
running clothes | 586 | truck running boards | 135 |
running and gear | 495 | adidas running shoes | 134 |
the running room | 413 | brook running shoes | 130 |
running times magazine | 392 | running program | 121 |
nude running | 314 | running magazine | 120 |
running of the bull | 271 | running club | 118 |
running apparel | 264 | running away | 116 |
nike running shoes | 260 | running shoes review | 114 |
running cool | 233 | running race | 110 |
discount running shoes | 232 | asics running shoes | 106 |
marathon running | 225 | running man | 103 |
running horse | 216 | running training | 93 |
running injury | 210 | running with scissors | 91 |
running shorts | 194 | nike running | 87 |
new balance running shoes | 185 | doubt lyrics no running | 84 |
running quote | 176 | running for beginner | 82 |
running tip | 143 | running weight loss | 80 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "running"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | baan (course, orbit, path, playground, race-course, road, route, running track, track, trajectory, way, width). (various references) | |
Albanian | rrjedhës (effluent, flowing, fluid, operating, unfunded), rrëshqitës (elusory, slide, sliding, slimy, slippery, slippy), vrapues (cursorial, harrier, racer, runner, starter), vrapim (bunco, bunko, run), vrap (run, scurry, skip), i vazhdueshëm (ceaseless, chronic, constant, continual, continued, continuous, endless, frequent, incessant, lingering, niggling, non-stop, perennial, permanent, perpetual, persistent, regular, steady, unbroken, uninterrupted), funksionim (functioning, operating, operation, working), funksion (appointment, assignment, duty, function, role, work). (various references) | |
Arabic | حالي (actual, circumstantial, current, existent, existing, immediate, present, present day), إدارة (administration, conduct, department, direction, directorate, dispensation, executive, helm, husbandry, management, operation, rotation, stewardship, superintendence, trust), الجاري, جار (current, cursive, neighbor, neighbour, present, present day, progress), عداء (animosity, feud, galloper, galloping, hostility, racing, war), عدو (adversary, enemy, foe, hostile, inimical, race, scamper), على نحو متواصل, سائل (blob, liquid, pouring, questioning, run, runny, runny nose, streaming, thin, thinning), سير (course, file, foot, going, impel, march, motion, pan, pass, procession, progress, propel, thong, walk), ركض (pace, quicken, race, ran, run), تهريب (contraband, dealings, racket, smuggling), مفرز قيحا, مائع (deliquescent, delitescent, fluid, liquid, runny, yielding), مستعجل (accelerated, instant, pressing, quick, rushing, urgent), متدفق (current, effluent, flowing out, outflowing, streaming, torrential), متصل الحروف, متواصل (ceaseless, constant, continual, continued, continuous, incessant, persistent, round the clock, unbroken, unceasing, uninterrupted, unremitting), متكرر باستمرار, مندفع (dashing, impulsive, precipitate, rushing), منافسة في العدو, تشغيل (employment, implementation, operation, working). (various references) | |
Asturian | correr (to run). (various references) | |
Bemba | ukubutuka (to run). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | въртене (circuit, circumgyration, circumvolution, gyration, revolution, rotation, spin, swirl, turn, turning, twiddle, wag, wheel, whirl, wiggle, wriggle), пълзящ (creeping, procumbent, prostrate, rambling, repent, reptile, scandent, serpigious), бяг (run, scud), бягане (cut, run, scamper, scurry, scuttle), бягащ (flying, fugitive), линеен (lineal, linear, marching), за бягане, надбягване (race, racing), настоящ (actual, existent, existing, present), непрекъснат (continual, continuous, everlasting, incessant, permanent, perpetual, solid, sustained, unceasing, uninterrupted, unremitting), обръщение (address, appeal, circulation, currency, invocation, salutation), последователен (coherent, consecutive, consistent, sequacious, serial, successive, true blue), виещ се (scandent, vertiginous), сълзящ (rheumy), гноящ, контрабанда (contraband, smuggling, trade), тичащ, текущ (current, going, passing, topical), течащ, ход (action, bat, course, current, foot, gait, going, lapse, motion, move, movement, operation, pace, passage, passing, play, ploy, process, race, rate, run, stream, swing, tenor, tide, track, train, tread, twist, walk, way), работа (affair, avocation, berth, billet, business, char, concern, dealings, do, employ, employment, engagement, function, job, labor, labour, lay, line, matter, occasions, occupation, operation, part, performance, place, ploy, proceedings, proposition, run, service, shebang, shop, show, situation, thing, undertaking, work, working, workmanship), работещ (operational, working), ръководство (administration, conduct, direction, directory, governance, guidance, guide, handbook, lead, leadership, management, supervision, textbook, tutelage, tutorage, tutorship), сегашен (current, existent, existing, going, nowaday, present, present day), в ход (afloat, afoot). (various references) | |
Cebuano |
