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Definition: Row |
RowNoun1. An arrangement of objects or people side by side in a line: "a row of chairs". 2. An angry dispute; "they had a quarrel"; "they had words". 3. A long continuous strip (usually running horizontally); "a mackerel sky filled with rows of clouds"; "rows of barbed wire protected the trenches". 4. A layer of masonry; "a course of bricks". 5. A linear array of numbers side by side. 6. A continuous chronological succession without an interruption; "they won the championship three years in a row". 7. The act of rowing as a sport. Verb1. Propel with oars; "row the boat"; down the lake". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "row" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1120. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | Row record. Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing. |
Food & Agriculture | A line of vines in a vineyard. Source: European Union. (references) |
Literature | Row (rhyme with now). A tumult. It used to be written roue, and referred to the night encounters of the roués or profligate bon-vivants whose glory it was to attack the "Charleys" and disturb the peace. (See Roue .) Row (rhyme with low). The Row means "Paternoster Row," famous for publishing firms and wholesale booksellers, or Rotten Row (q.v.). (AngloSaxon, raw, a line.). Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Mining | A. Corn. Coarse, undressed tin ore; refuse from stamping mills b. N. Staff. A seam or bed of coal.c. A line of points in a lattice. See:lattice. (references) |
Slang in 1811 | ROW. A disturbance; a term used by the students at Cambridge. ROW. To row in the same boat; to be embarked in the same scheme. Source: 1811 Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
ROW | English | Rest of the world | Finance |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: RowSynonyms: course (n), dustup (n), quarrel (n), rowing (n), run-in (n), words (n), wrangle (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Abode | Street, place, terrace, parade, esplanade, alameda, board walk, embankment, road, row, lane, alley, court, quadrangle, quad, wynd, close, yard, passage, rents, buildings, mews. |
Accompaniment | Verb: accompany, coexist, attend; hang on, wait on; go hand in hand with; synchronize; bear company, keep company; row in the same boat; bring in its train; associate with, couple with. |
Continuity | Rank, file, line, row, range, tier, string, thread, team; suit; colonnade. |
Adjective: continuous, continued; consecutive; progressive, gradual; serial, successive; immediate, unbroken, entire; linear; in a line, in a row; Noun: uninterrupted, unintermitting; unremitting, unrelenting (perseverence) a; perennial, evergreen; constant. | |
Cooperation | Side with, take side with, go along with, go hand in hand with, join hands with, make common cause with, strike in with, unite with, join with, mix oneself up with, take part with, cast in one's lot with; join partnership, enter into partnership with; rally round, follow the lead of; come to, pass over to, come into the views of; be in the same boat, row in the same boat; sail in the same boat; sail on the same tack. |
Discord | Get into hot water, fish in troubled waters, brawl; kick up a row, kick up a dust; turn the house out of window. |
Broil, brawl, row, racket, hubbub, rixation; embroilment, embranglement, imbroglio, fracas, breach of the peace, piece of work, scrimmage, rumpus; breeze, squall; riot, disturbance; (disorder); commotion; (agitation); bear garden, Donnybrook, Donnybrook Fair. | |
Disorder | Turmoil; ferment; (agitation); to-do, trouble, pudder, pother, row, rumble, disturbance, hubbub, convulsion, tumult, uproar, revolution, riot, rumpus, stour, scramble, brawl, fracas, rhubarb, fight, free-for-all, row, ruction, rumpus, embroilment, melee, spill and pelt, rough and tumble; whirlwind; bear garden, Babel, Saturnalia, donnybrook, Donnybrook Fair, confusion worse confounded, most admired disorder, concordia discors; Bedlam, all hell broke loose; bull in a china shop; all the fat in the fire, diable a' quatre, Devil to pay; pretty kettle of fish; pretty piece of work, pretty piece of business. |
Inclosure | Wall, hedge, hedge row; espalier; fence; (defense); pale, paling, balustrade, rail, railing, quickset hedge, park paling, circumvallation, enceinte, ring fence. |
Navigation | Ply the oar, row, paddle, pull, scull, punt, steam. |
Violence | Noun: violence, inclemency, vehemence, might, impetuosity; boisterousness; Adjective: effervescence, ebullition; turbulence, bluster; uproar, callithump, riot, row, rumpus, le diable a quatre, devil to pay, all the fat in the fire. |
Explode, make a row, kick up a row; boil, boil over; fume, foam, come on like a lion, bluster, rage, roar, fly off the handle, go bananas, go ape, blow one's top, blow one's cool, flip one's lid, hit the ceiling, hit the roof; fly into a rage (anger). | |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Row |
| English words defined with "row": row house. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "row": Chriss-cross Row, CHRIST-CROSS ROW, Criss-cross Row ♦ Kick Up a Row ♦ Look One Way and Row Another ♦ Paternoster Row ♦ row shooting. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "row": Tristichous. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | And that's how it came to pass that on the second-to-last day of the job, the convict crew that tarred the plate factory roof in the spring of forty-nine wound up sitting in a row at ten o'clock in the morning drinking icy cold, Bohemia-style beer, courtesy of the hardest screw that ever walked a turn at Shawshank State Prison (The Shawshank Redemption; writing credit: Frank Darabont) We have front row seats for this theatre of mass destruction (Fight Club; writing credit: Jim Uhls) I mean, I've had men that have loved me before, but not for 6 months in a row. (Sixteen Candles; writing credit: John Hughes.) Murderess row we like to call it. (Chicago; writing credit: Maurine Dallas Watkins; Bob Fosse) Yes, squid pro row. (Austin Powers in Goldmember; writing credit: Mike Myers) | |
Lyrics | They wind up on skid row with holes in their pockets (Wall Street Shuffle; performing artist: 10CC) So you know the Row won't bow down to no man. (California Love; performing artist: 2 PAC) 'Cause a row of fools (Pop A Top; performing artist: Alan Jackson) It's a death row pardon two minutes too late (Ironic; performing artist: Alanis Morissette) Cause thats my peeps and we row G (No Diggity; performing artist: Blackstreet) | |
Clever | Don't wait for your ship to come in. Row out to meet it. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | The Back Row (1973) Murderers' Row (1966) The Girl From Tobacco Row (1966) Skid Row (1956) Cell 2455 Death Row (1955) | |
Song Titles | 18 And Life (performing artist: Skid Row) I Remember You (performing artist: Skid Row) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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Periodicals |
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Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
This is a series of photos showing the drug suramin's ability to protect helper t-cells (in culture) against HIV-I infection (HTLV-III) b). On the left side of each pair are uninfected helper t-cells. On the right, the top row are t-cells killed by the HIV-I; the middle t-cells partially protected with suramin; and the bottom t-cells completely protected by suramin against the HIV-I infection. Note the t-cells, when protected by suramin, are not destroyed. Credit: Unknown photographer/artist. | Shown here is President Richard Nixon signing the National Cancer Act on December 23, 1971. This is a formal setting with a row of senators visible and some other officials and dignitaries. See also AR001123. Credit: Linda Bartlett (photographer). | ||
If there is a pair of tufts near the base of the siphon, and a ventral row of tufts, or a row of straight hairs following the pecten, the genus is identified as Culiseta. Credit: CDC. | If a basal tuft is not present, the genus is Culex. In this genus, one will note the presence of a row of tufts or scattered hairs occurring along each side of the siphon. Credit: CDC. | ||
![]() | Aerial View of Missile Row. Credit: NASA. | ![]() | Missile Row. Credit: NASA. |
![]() | Wardroom of the HYDROGRAPHER Captain William M. Scaife, C&GS, commanding, bottom row, second from right. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. | ![]() | Unidentified wardroom of unidentified ship John Ellerbe is front row, far right. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |
![]() | The engineers who built the Marble Point landing strip - the first ground strip in Antartica. Back row - Bill McTigue, Navy Hydro Office; Commander Stephens, USN; __; Dr. Bob Nichols, Tufts University; front row - ___; Father Linehan, Wesson Observatory; ___. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. | ![]() | McMurdo Station to South Pole Station traverse crew. Ardo Meyer, magnetic observer and navigator was second from left in back row. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
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| "Mark learns to Row" by Victoria Clare Commentary: "A man rowing." | "Row no Boat..." by Ronald Fruin Commentary: "Colombo, Sri Lanka 2003." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Clifford K. Berryman | Stout hearts, my laddies! If the row comes, REMEMBER THE MAINE, and show the world how American sailors can fight. |
Harold S. Geneen | I don't believe in just ordering people to do things. You have to sort of grab an oar and row with them. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Life, the Universe and Everything | Douglas Adams | She didn't even programme any coordinates, she hadn't the faintest idea where she was going, she just went - a random row of dots flowing through the Universe |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | A row of large stones fixed upon the ground all about this trellis so as to let nothing pass |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | Row on row, headlights glinting in the afternoon sun. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | First, teachers can reduce distraction by placing them in front row seats. (references) | |
Cells in the bottom row of this layer, called the basal layer, divide just fast enough to replenish cells that are continually being shed from the surface of the skin. Each time one of these basal cells divides, it produces two cells. (references) | ||
Business | The growth of M3, a carefully watched indicator, has recently fallen, staying within the Bundesbank's target range for the fourth month in a row. (references) | |
This also includes minivans that are classified as combined vehicles, e.g., Chysler Voyagers where the back seats are permanently taken out and the middle row of seats is permanently moved slightly forward to allow for the regulated cargo space. (references) | ||
Chitosan, in particular, ranked at the top for the past two years in a row at 173 billion won (US$157 million) or 19.8 percent of the entire health food market in 1999. Calcium-containing products came in second at 136 billion won (US$124 million) or 15.5 percent of the total market. (references) | ||
Children | India | Press reports described horrific conditions in many mental hospitals elsewhere in the country, including one where inmates were chained in a row on a stone floor in an ill-lit room during the daytime. (references) |
Civil Liberties | Turkey | For the second year in a row, the March 21 Kurdish Nevruz ("New Year") celebrations were marked by calm and respectful behavior among most participants and security forces. (references) |
Tunisia | On May 3, for the fourth year in a row, the Committee to Protect Journalists named President Ben Ali as 1 of its "10 worst enemies of the press." In 2000 RSF stated that "journalists have adopted a habit of self-censorship and those who venture to be independent pay a high price." During the year, RSF named Ben Ali as 1 of "39 Predators of Press Freedom." The Tunisian Newspaper Association remained expelled from the World Association of Newspapers (WAN). (references) | |
Economic History | Saudi Arabia | For the fifth year in a row, Saudi Arabia's commercial banks have enjoyed steady profits. (references) |
Jordan | For the third year in a row, Jordan experienced severe drought during the 2000/2001 rainfall season. (references) | |
France | Although, for the second year in a row, there were no new openings of hypermarkets in 2000, the sector continues to grow through expansions of existing stores. (references) | |
Human Rights | Belarus | He further confirmed that the pistol given to Sivakov was the pistol used for death row executions. (references) |
India | Killings of security force members by militants in Jammu and Kashmir increased for the fourth year in a row. (references) | |
Uganda | During the year, the President pardoned approximately 900 detainees awaiting trial on various offences, including one prisoner on death row. (references) | |
Political Economy | CZECH REPUBLIC | In 1999, with the current account well on the way to recovery and the exchange rate of the crown relatively strong, the central bank, ahead of its inflation target for a second year in row, cut interest rates several times. (references) |
UNITED KINGDOM | In 1999, the deficit equaled 1.2 percent of GDP. A U.S. slowdown could contribute to a widening of the UK current account deficit, which is expected to be 1.5 percent of GDP in 2001. This is, however, modest compared to a level of 4.6 percent of GDP in 1989. For the second year in a row, the UK is forecasted to have a trade surplus with the United States of 1.9 percent. (references) | |
MALAYSIA | Automobiles (CB) 140-300 Automobiles (CKD) 80 Vans (CBU) 42-140 Van (CKD) 40 4WD/ Multipurpose (CBU) 60-200 4WD/ Multipurpose (CKD) 40 Motorcycle (CBU) 60 Motorcycle (CKD) 30 Restrictions on Construction Equipment: In October 1997 Malaysia imposed a restrictive licensing regime on imports of heavy construction equipment and raised import duties for the second year in a row, as detailed below. (references) | |
Trade | Croatia | The domestic currency exchange rate has remained stable for four years in a row, with the CNB's foreign exchange reserves estimated at over USD 4 billion. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | HEAD-:MONEY:, n. A capitation tax, or poll-tax. In ancient times there lived a king Whose tax-collectors could not wring From all his subjects gold enough To make the royal way less rough. For pleasure's highway, like the dames Whose premises adjoin it, claims Perpetual repairing. So The tax-collectors in a row Appeared before the throne to pray Their master to devise some way To swell the revenue. "So great," Said they, "are the demands of state A tithe of all that we collect Will scarcely meet them. Pray reflect: How, if one-tenth we must resign, Can we exist on t'other nine?" The monarch asked them in reply: "Has it occurred to you to try The advantage of economy?" "It has," the spokesman said: "we sold All of our gray garrotes of gold; With plated-ware we now compress The necks of those whom we assess. Plain iron forceps we employ To mitigate the miser's joy Who hoards, with greed that never tires, That which your Majesty requires." Deep lines of thought were seen to plow Their way across the royal brow. "Your state is desperate, no question; Pray favor me with a suggestion." "O King of Men," the spokesman said, "If you'll impose upon each head A tax, the augmented revenue We'll cheerfully divide with you." As flashes of the sun illume The parted storm-cloud's sullen gloom, The king smiled grimly. "I decree That it be so -- and, not to be In generosity outdone, Declare you, each and every one, Exempted from the operation Of this new law of capitation. But lest the people censure me Because they're bound and you are free, 'Twere well some clever scheme were laid By you this poll-tax to evade. I'll leave you now while you confer With my most trusted minister." The monarch from the throne-room walked And straightway in among them stalked A silent man, with brow concealed, Bare-armed -- his gleaming axe revealed! G.J. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Marlo Thomas | You know when I was a kid, my father used to take me to the studio with him. He was making movies with Margaret O'Brien. He made two in a row with Margaret O'Brien. |
Representative Dick Gephardt | Well, I've been talking to my members over the last few weeks. We were obviously disappointed we didn't get the progress we wanted, but we made progress for the third time in a row and we're now within just a handful of votes of taking back the majority. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | Beyond those monuments to heroism is the Potomac River, and on the far shore the sloping hills of Arlington National Cemetery with its row on row of simple white markers bearing crosses or Stars of David. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | Crime has dropped for a record five years in a row. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Row" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 87.47% of the time. "Row" is used about 4,625 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 87.47% | 4,046 | 2,432 |
| Noun (proper) | 8.14% | 377 | 14,506 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 2.31% | 107 | 31,463 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 2.07% | 96 | 33,456 |
| Total | 100.00% | 4,625 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "row" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Row | Last name | 1,000 | 18,472 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
Expressions using "row": arrange in a row ♦ back row ♦ between row crops ♦ death row ♦ front row ♦ get into a row ♦ go for a row ♦ have a row ♦ have a row with ♦ in a row ♦ inter row ♦ kick up a row ♦ make a row ♦ mine row ♦ Park Row ♦ put in a row ♦ row a boat ♦ row across ♦ Row Address Strobe ♦ row boat ♦ row culture ♦ row down ♦ row formula ♦ row house ♦ row in the same boat ♦ row marker ♦ row of bricks ♦ row of contacts ♦ row of corn in a field ♦ row of houses ♦ row of pins ♦ row of points ♦ row out ♦ row scroll ♦ row totalization ♦ row vector ♦ seat row ♦ set in a row ♦ skid row ♦ skiddoo row ♦ skiff to row ♦ tape row ♦ To hoe one's row ♦ tone row ♦ what's all this row about?. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "row": row-boat, row-boats, row-by-column, row-column, row-crop, row-in, row-level locking, row-ow-ow. | |
Ending with "row": back-row, front-row, second-row, two-row. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
skid row | 1,358 | printer row book fair | 58 |
death row | 783 | restaurant row | 55 |
death row record | 746 | corn hair row | 54 |
row boat | 578 | california death row | 53 |
santana row | 427 | furniture row | 53 |
row tha | 289 | the savile row | 51 |
texas death row | 257 | bach row sebastian skid | 51 |
corn row | 230 | texas death row inmate | 45 |
death row inmate | 204 | jose row san santana | 45 |
cannery row | 133 | t row price | 43 |
row | 129 | printer row | 41 |
front row ticket | 104 | death row pen pal | 41 |
lyrics row skid | 93 | corn hair row style | 41 |
death row woman | 91 | death florida row | 40 |
record row tha | 87 | furniture outlet row | 39 |
pentagon row | 82 | death row records.com | 37 |
hilton embassy row | 71 | harper and row | 36 |
b b fabric home row | 66 | boat house row | 35 |
five in a row | 62 | upright row | 34 |
braid corn row | 61 | i lyrics remember row skid | 34 |
record row | 34 | ||
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "row"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | tou (file, line, rank, turn). (various references) | |
Albanian | rresht (consecutively, file, flat out, line, line up, on end, range, rank, tier, together), radhë (batch, consecution, cue, file, inning, innings, place, play, queue, range, rank, run, series, tier, turn), vozitje (oarage, paddle, rowing, stroke), vozit me markë, vozit (paddle), vozis (paddle), varg (cavalcade, chain, column, concatenation, course, file, in file, line, network, nexus, number, range, rank, ridge, series, string, succession, train, variety, verse), sërë (battery, cavalcade, rank). (various references) | |
Arabic | طريق (approach, carriage way, course, lane, line, pass, passage, path, pathway, ride, right path, road, route, run, runway, rut, track, trail, way), شجار (affray, altercation, bicker, brawl, breeze, broil, controversy, fight, fracas, melee, miff, muss, quarrel, rowdiness, ruck, ruction, rumble, rumpus, scrap, scuffle, set to, shindy, slugfest, squabble, squall, tiff), إشترك في سباق تجذيف, إصطف (align, echelon, rank, stand, string, toe the line), جدف (curse, feather, paddle, profane), خصام (argument, contention, contest, contestation, dispute, quarrel, ruction, squabble, war), صف (alignment, bank, classroom, course, cue, delineate, grade, lane, line, lineup, queue, range, rank, schoolroom, tier), شارع (road, st., street, thoroughfare), ضوضاء (brawl, clamor, clamour, clutter, hubbub, hullabaloo, hurly burly, pandemonium, plonk, pother, racket, rowdiness, rowdyism, rumpus, shouting, stink, tub-thumping, tumult), صف (file, queue), طابور (column, crocodile, cue, file, line, queue, tabor), تشاجر (brawl, broil, come to blows, fraying, hassle, jangle, quarrel, rumble, scrap, scrimmage, scuffle, set to, spat, squabble), تأنيب (castigation, chiding, objurgation, reprimand, reproach, reproof, scolding), قذف (accuse of, aspersion, calumniate, cast, casting, charge with, defamation, defame, discharge, disgorge, ejaculation, eject, ejectment, emit, expel, extrude, extrusion, fling, libel, malediction, malign, mud, mudslinging, obloquy, pelt, pelt with, pitch, projection, puke, scandal, slander, speak evil of, strike with, striking, throw, throw out, throwing, toss, vilify, vituperate, vomit), نزاع (contention, contest, controversy, difference, disagreement, discord, discordance, disputation, dispute, division, duel, embroilment, fray, odds, quarrel, question, spar, squall, strife, struggle, tangle, variance, wont), نقل بمركب (boat), ضجة (ado, botcher, bother, clutter, din, hullabaloo, hustle, noise, pother, racket, roar, rumor, rumour, rumpus, sensation, shindy, sound, stir, storm, titbit, tumult). (various references) | |
Basque | arraun egin (row to). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | улица (drag, gutter, place, road, st.), скандал (affair, blowup, fracas, kick up, scandal, scene), сбиване (affray, brush, fray, mix in, muss, scrap, scrape, scuffle, set to, shindig, shindy, warm words), ругая (abuse, be down on, call names, curse, cuss, damn, drub, get on to smb., inveigh, keelhaul, land on, rail, rate, revile, slang, slate, storm at, swear, swear at, vituperate, walk into, whip), редица (file, line, line up, parade, range, rank, round, run, sequence, variety, various), ред (arrangement, cast, course, discipline, inning, kilter, method, order, orderliness, placement, rank, run, sequence, series, set, shape, taxis, tier, train, turn, variety), разходка с гребна лодка, шум (ado, ballyhoo, bobbery, boom, buzz, clam, coil, discord, murmur, noise, noisiness, pandemonium, pother, rattle, reclame, sound, stir, to-do, tumult, turmoil, uproar), карам се (altercate, brabble, brawl, call down, disagree, jangle, quarrel, scold, spat, squabble, wrangle), кавга (altercation, broil, disagreement, doing, dustup, hassle, jangle, odds, quarrel, ruffle, rumpus, run in, scrape, set to, shindig, shindy, strife, warm words, wrangle), гребане (boating, canoeing, oarage, oarsmanship, pull, rowing), греба (dip, dredge, ladle, oar, pull, pull an oar, rake, scoop, shovel), врява (ado, clamor, clamour, din, discord, fracas, fuss, hubbub, hue, hurly burly, kick up, noise, noisiness, outcry, pandemonium, pother, racket, ruckus, rumpus, shine, to-do, tumult, uproar), поредица (consecution, procession, range, run, sequence, series, set, streak, string, succession). (various references) | |
Chinese | 列 (file, series, to arrange, to line up). (various references) | |
Croatian | reda. (various references) | |
Czech | rámus (din, fuss, hubbub, hurly burly, noise, pother, racket, roar, uproar), vyhubovat (reprove, tell off, tick off, upbraid), veslovat (pull), výtržnost (affray, brawl, disturbance, disturbance of the peace, riot), sbìh (concourse, crowd, rout), povyk (ado, ballyhoo, clamor, clamour, din, fuss, hubbub, hue and cry, hullabaloo, rampage, riot, rumpus, tussle, uproar), kravál (hullabaloo, racket, rumpus, shindy), hádka (altercation, argument, brawl, brush, bust up, ding-dong, dispute, fight, hassle, quarrel, scrap, set to, skirmish, squabble, strife, wrangle), řada (array, bank, file, line, queue, range, rank, round, sequence, series, set, string, tier), řádka (line), řádek (line). (various references) | |
Danish | ro (repose, rest). (various references) | |
Dutch | roeien (measure). (various references) | |
Esperanto | remi, vico (file, line, rank, turn). (various references) | |
Faeroese | raðfylgi (file, line, rank, turn), rað (file, line, order, rank, series, set, tidy, turn), rógva. (various references) | |
Farsi | پاروزدن (Oar, Paddle, Scull), قیل وقال (Jangle, Noise, Ruction), قطار (Rank, String, Tandem, Train), قراردادن (Fix, Include, Lodge, Pack, Park, Plumb, Pose, Posit, Posture, Put, Set), صف (Army, Array, Cue, Muster, Queue, Rank, Tier), رج , راندن (Booh, Dislodge, Drive, Force, Hurry, Pilot, Poach, Rein, Repulse, Steer, Stub, Unkennel, Whisk), راسته (Phylum), ردیف چندخانه , ردیف کردن (Align, Tier), ردیف (Cue, Rank, Run, String, Tier), بخطکردن . (various references) | |
Finnish | rivi (file, line, rank, turn), soutaa (scull). (various references) | |
French | rangée (tape row), ramer, rang, file, canoter. (various references) | |
Frisian | roeie, rige (file, line, rank, turn). (various references) | |
German | Reihe (array, bank, battery, chain, file, line, line-up, number, order, procession, progression, range, rank, run, series, set, string, suite, tier, turn), Zeile (line, slug), rudern (boating, oars, paddle, pull, rowing, scull, to row, to scull), Krach (bang, blow up, breeze, bust up, crash, crunch, din, fight, noise, prang, quarrel, racket, ruction, rumpus, set to, shindy, smash, tiff). (various references) | |
Greek | σειρά (filch, flight, inning, line, range, rank, row of, sequence, serial, series, set, string, succession, suit, train, turn), κωπηλατώ (canoe, oar, paddle, sculler). (various references) | |
Hebrew | מערכת (editorial board, framework, set, system), מערכה (army, arrangement, array, battery, disposition, order, series, system), מריבה (contention, discord, quarrel, strife), לשיט (cruise), להתקוטט (come to blows, quarrel, scrap, tussle, wrangle), להרעיש (bawl, jangle, make a noise, rag, rumble, whir), לריב (fall out, quarrel, squabble, strife), שורה (column, file, line, pass, rank, string, succession, tier), שדרה (aisle, file, rank), טור (column, file, line, progression, rank, route). (various references) | |
Hungarian | zenebona (Dutch concert, hurly-burly, racket, riot, ruckus, rumpus), sor (array, bed, enfilade, file, line, private, pvt, queue, range, rank, rope, scale, series, tier), evezés (oarage, pull, pulling, rowing). (various references) | |
Icelandic | röð (file, line, rank, turn). (various references) | |
Indonesian | saf, perbabilan (ruckus), mengayuh (cycle, paddle), jajar, heboh (commotion, fuss, uproar), deret (progression, series). (various references) | |
Italian | riga (line, parting, rank, rule, ruler, streak, stripe, stroke), fila (file, line, queue, range, rank, series, string, tier, train, turn). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 行 (line, verse), レ点 (LAN, law, local, local area network, local color, local content, local minima, local news, local observer, low, low absorber, low angle, mark showing character order in Chinese texts, raw, tick mark), 漕艇 , 一行 (line, party, troupe), 並び (line, rank), 側 1 (part, side, surroundings, watch case), 側 (beside, besides, case, close, edge, near, part, proximity, side, surroundings, third person, vicinity, while), 列 (line, queue). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | ぎょう (congeal, desire, freeze, Imperial reign, line, luck, seek, verse), がわ (case, part, side, surroundings), ロー (law, low, raw), ならび (line, rank), そうてい (assumption, binding, cloven foot, format, hypothesis, sending a book as a present, supposition, young man who has reached adulthood, youth), かわ (bark, case, fur, good story, hide, leather, part, pelt, river, shell, side, skin, stream, surroundings), いっこう (8-10 p.m., a thought, an item, at all, consideration, first watch, line, one proofreading, party, the first proof, troupe, whole school), いちぎょう (line, party, troupe), れつ (cold, line, queue). (various references) | |
Korean | 줄 (chord, chords, joule). (various references) | |
Malay | baris (file, line, rank, turn). (various references) | |
Manx | ymmyrt (match play, oar, rowing), strane (column of men, cordon, file, ladder of locks, line, rank), straih (break, flight of hurdles, nest, orchestral suite, range, run, screed, sequence, series, strata, stratum, strip, tier), roaghey (line up, set in rows), roa (series, vista), rhenk (category, rank), musthaa (bustle, carry on, display, excitement, flap, fluster, fuss, hullabaloo, muster, pomposity, pompousness, rumpus, shindy, stir, strife, tumult), linney (assembly line, line), jastan (course, layer), coorse (career, circuit, course, curriculum, racetrack, reef, route, routine, travel, way), caggey rish (fight, fight off), boirey (aggrieve, annoy, bother, care, confuse, confusion, disconcert, disrupt, disruption, distract, distraction, disturb, embarrass, embarrassment, heartache, madden, molestation, niggle, nuisance, perplex, perturb, perturbation, pester, preoccupy, put upon, strife, trouble, vex, worrier, worry). (various references) | |
Occitan | remar. (various references) | |
Papiamen | rema, turno (file, line, rank, turn), kareda (file, line, rank, turn), fila (file, line, rank, turn). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | owray.(various references) | |
Portuguese | fila (file, lay, line, range, rank, streamer, tier, turn), remar (oar), linha (contour, feature, flight, line, platform, rank, thread, trait), fileira (lay, line, range, rank, tier), carreira (career, flight, foot race, pursuit, race, run, scud). (various references) | |
Romanian | rând (batch, bout, file, innings, it, line, queue, range, rank, round, series, stage, stem, string, succession, time, train, turn), discuţie (altercation, argument, argumentation, canvass, confabulation, conversation, counsel, debate, dialogue, discourse, discussion, dispute, quarrel, reasoning, splutter, talk), larmã (din, jangle, noise, racket, tumult, uproar), horã (fuss, reel, shindy), gurã (aperture, armful, Buss, chops, entrance, gab, gossip, influx, issue, jaw, kisser, lip, lips, mouth, mouthful, muzzle, orifice, pestering, plug, scolding, sip, speech, spout, squabble, vent), gãlãgie (Babel, bluster, brawling, bustle, clamor, clamour, din, discord, fuss, hubbub, hurly burly, jangle, noise, racket, rattle, rhubarb, rioting, stir, to-do, tumult), încãierare (brush, fray, grapple, melee, rough and tumble, rout, scramble, scrimmage, scuffle, set to, skirmish, tussle, wrestle), dojanã (admonishment, lash, lecture, lesson, rebuke, remonstrance, reprehension, reprimand, reproach, reproof, scolding, set down, snub, taunt, twit), mustra (berate, chide, lash into, rebuke, remonstrate, reprehend, reprimand, reprove, scold, slate, snub, twit), certa (abuse, altercate, berate, blame, brawl, censure, chide, rag, rebuke, reprehend, reprove, scold, squabble, taunt), ceartã (altercation, Bicker, bobbery, brawl, breeze, broil, conflict, contention, controversy, discord, discussion, dispute, dissension, friction, jangle, loggerhead, misunderstanding, quarrel, scrap, set to, squabble, squall, Stour, strife, tussle, wrangle), canotaj (boating, canoeing, oarsmanship, paddle, rowing), canota, bãtaie (battue, beat, beating, blow, box, bursting, close, concussion, cudgeling, cuff, cuffing, drubbing, dusting, fight, fighting, flogging, fray, lacing, licking, Pat, patter, pattering, percussion, pick, range, rattle, run, scramble, scrap, scuffle, set to, shot, slap, slapping, stroke, sweep, thrashing, throbbing, thud, thump, toll, tussle, warming), şir (catena, catenation, column, course, file, line, pack, queue, range, rank, rope, series, string, succession, train), duce cu o barcã, lopãta, zgomot (ado, bruit, bustle, clamor, clamour, dash, din, fuss, hubbub, murmur, noise, peal, racket, rattling, roll, rumpus, shindy, shine, shouting, slam, sound, splutter, to-do, tumult, uproar), mustrare (dressing, lash, lecture, pi-jaw, prick, rebuke, remonstrance, reprehension, reprimand, reproach, reproof, scolding, slur, snub, trim, trimming, wigging), plimbare cu barca (boating, pull), salbã (chain, necklace), scandal (affray, breach, breeze, flare up, fray, fuss, hubbub, noise, rumpus, scandal, scene, shame, shindy), scenã (arena, board, boards, footlights, locale, scene, spectacle, stage, the boards), se certa (altercate, be at odds, brawl, dispute, fall foul of, fall out, go foul of, haggle, jangle, quarrel, run foul of, spar, squabble, wrangle), strãduţã (alley, Lane), tãrãboi (affray, brawl, broil, fuss, halloo, hullabaloo, hurly burly, kerfuffle, racket, rattle, riot, rumpus, shindy, shine, splatter-dash, the devil among the tailors, to-do, uproar), tapaj (ado, din, fuss, shindy, to-do), vâsli, vâslit (paddle), zarvã (ado, affray, altercation, bobbery, brawling, bustle, clutter, din, dispute, dust, fuss, hubbub, kerfuffle, noise, pother, racket, riot, rumpus, scandal, to-do, tumult, turmoil, uproar), linie (bar, direction, hang, line, lineage, Ray, ruler, series, streak, stroke). (various references) | |
Russian | спор (argument, argumentation, breeze, chaffer, contention, contest, controversy, disputation, dispute, dustup, splutter, strife, wrangle), ряд (catena, file, lay, line, range, rank, series), шум (bluster, bobbery, bruit, charivari, chirm, clamor, clamour, clash, clutter, din, dust-up, friction, hubbub, hue, hue and cry, hullabaloo, kick up, kick-up, murmur, noise, noisiness, pother, racket, racquet, rough house, ruckus, rumpus, shindy, sound, turmoil, turnup, uproar, whir, whirr), грести колонка, грести (sculls), гребля (boating, canoeing, oarage, paddle, pull, rowing), прогулка на лодке. (various references) | |
Scottish | sreath (a row, file, line, rank, series, turn), iomair (a ridge of land, employ, need, wield), breath (judgment). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | red (array, consecution, cue, inning, innings, line, order, ordinance, phylum, progression, queue, series, turn), veslati (paddle, pull, scull, wave), niz (along, down at, line, run, sequence, series, string, tissue), gužva (affray, brawl, crowd, crush, jam, melee, pother, shindy, squeeze, stir, tussle), špalir (rank). (various references) | |
Spanish | remar (pull, scull), turno (bout, file, inning, innings, line, orderly turn, rank, spell, turn), hilera (bank, line), fila (bank, file, garter, grade, library, line, rank, rate, tier, uniform), bronca (anger, kick up, noise, ruction). (various references) | |
Sranan | reylo (file, line, rank, turn), lo. (various references) | |
Swedish | rad (circle, course, file, line, range, rank, sequence, set, streak, succession, tier, train, turn), räcka (be enough, do, endure, file, fill the bill, go on, hand, last, last out, line, pass, pass over, rank, reach, series, suffice, turn), slagsmål (action, affray, battle, ding-dong, dust-up, fight, fighting, fisticuffs, Gore, mix up, rough and tumble, rough-house, scramble, scrap, scuffle, set to, struggle, tussle), fil (file, Lane, line, processed sour milk, rank, rasp, turn). (various references) | |
Thai | แถว (file, range), แข่งเรือ, เสียงเอะอะโวยวาย, พาย, ถนนที่มีตึกอยู่สองข้าง, การทะเลาะวิวาท (loggerhead), ทะเลาะวิวาท. (various references) | |
Turkish | kürekle donatmak, şamata (carrying-on, carryings on, conviviality, din, dustup, great noise, hell, hilarity, hoo-ha, hubbub, pother, racket, rag, razzle-dazzle, riot, ripsnorter, shindy, uproar, whoopee), dizi (battery, chain, cluster, course, cycle, order, progression, queue, range, rank, rope, round, sequence, serial, series, set, string, tier, train), evlerin hiza çizgisi, gürültü (ado, bang, Charivari, clamor, clamour, clatter, coil, crash, din, discord, dustup, fracas, hoi polloi, hubble bubble, hubbub, hullabaloo, kick up, loudness, noise, noisiness, pandemonium, peal, pong, pother, racket, rag, razzle-dazzle, roar, roaring, roughhouse, ruckus, ruction, rumble, rumpus, shindy, sound, to-do, tumult, turbulence, turmoil, uproar, welter), gürültü yapmak (bang about, be too noisy, kick up a row, kick up a shine, make noise), kıyameti koparmak (be on the rampage, go on the rampage, kick up a row, kick up a stink, make a great fuss, pop off, raise a stink, raise cain, raise hell, raise the roof, ramp and rage, storm), ağız kavgası (altercation, battle of words, bust up, quarrel, slanging match, spar, spat, squabble, words, wordy warfare), kürek çekmek (go boating, oar, paddle, pull, pull oar, scull, tub), tartışma (altercation, argument, argumentation, bickering, brawl, breeze, broil, bust up, contention, contest, contestation, controversy, cross talk, debate, disagreement, discussion, disputation, dispute, hassle, jangle, moot, parley, quarrel, rap, set to, shooting match, spar, sparring, teach-in, wordy warfare, wrangle), kavga (affray, brawl, brawling, broil, bust up, conflict, contention, dispute, feud, fight, fighting, fray, jangle, jar, kick up, miff, odds, punch-up, quarrel, rumpus, scrap, scuffle, set to, shooting match, strife, tilt, unpleasantness, wrangle), kavgaya karışmak, patırtı (ado, bang, Charivari, clamor, clamour, clatter, coil, disorder, dustup, fracas, noise, plump, riot, roughhouse, rumpus, sound and fury, stir, to-do, tumult, welter), sıra (alignment, arrangement, array, bench, desk, file, form, linage, line, occasion, order, ordinal, place, progression, queue, range, rank, sequence, series, settle, slot, spell, succession, tier, train, turn), sıralı evleri olan sokak, sandal gezisi, sandalla gezdirmek, kürek çekme (boating, pull, rowing). (various references) | |
Turkmen | zweno (r) (section), setir (line), September (seam), kьreklemek (paddle), hatar (line). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | ставити в ряд (range), скандалити (brawl, cut up rough, rag, raise cain, scrimmage, scrummage), ряд (batch, catena, file, line, number, order, range, rank, series, string), шум (ado, alarm, bobbery, chirm, clamor, clamour, clash, clutter, hoity toity, hubbub, kick up, loudness, noise, noisiness, oration, pother, racket, racquet, ruction, sound, sputter, tumult, uproar), гучна сварка, веслувати (oar, pull), прогулянка на човні, провулок (alley, bystreet, pass). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | sự quở trách (comeuppance, objurgation, reprehension, reproach, reproof, rowing, strafe, upbraiding), sự mắng mỏ (dressing, reproof, rowing), sự huyên náo cuộc câi lộn, làm việc không có sự giúp đỡ một công việc mới, hàng (file, line-up, order, rank), cuộc đi chơi thuyền sự chèo thuyền, cuộc đánh lộn sự khiển trách. (various references) | |
Welsh | rhwyfo (sway, toss about). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | remigabant, remigando, remigassent, remiges, series, tabulata, tabulatis, tabulatum, versibus, versum, versumque, versus, versuum. (various references) |
| Old English | 450-1100 | line. (various references) |
| Old French | 900-1400 |