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Definition: Ground |
GroundAdjective1. Broken or pounded into small fragments; used of e.g. ore or stone; "paved with crushed bluestone"; "ground glass is used as an abrasive". Noun1. The solid part of the earth's surface; "the plane turned away from the sea and moved back over land"; "the earth shook for several minutes"; "he dropped the logs on the ground". 2. A rational motive for a belief or action; "the reason that war was declared"; "the grounds for their declaration". 3. The loose soft material that makes up a large part of the land surface; "they dug into the earth outside the church". 4. A relation that provides the foundation for something; "they were on a friendly footing" or "he worked on an interim basis". 5. A position to be won or defended in battle (or as if in battle); "they gained ground step by step"; "they fought to regain the lost ground". 6. The part of a scene (or picture) that lies behind objects in the foreground; "he posed her against a background of rolling hills". 7. Material in the top layer of the surface of the earth in which plants can grow (especially with reference to its quality or use); "the land had never been plowed"; "good agricultural soil". 8. A relatively homogeneous percept extending back of the figure on which attention is focused. 9. A connection between an electrical device and the earth (which is a zero voltage). 10. : (art) the surface (as a wall or canvas) prepared to take the paint for a painting. 11. : the first or preliminary coat of paint or size applied to a surface. Verb1. Fix firmly and stably; "anchor the lamppost in concrete". 2. Confine or restrict to the ground; "After the accident, they grounded the plane and the pilot". 3. Place or out on the ground. 4. Instruct someone in the fundamentals of a subject. 5. Bring to the ground, as of vessels. 6. Hit or reach the ground. 7. Throw (a football) to the ground in order to stop play and avoid being tackled behind the line of scrimmage". 8. Hit a groundball, in baseball; "he grounded to the second baseman". 9. Hit (a baseball) onto the ground. 10. : cover with a primer; apply a primer to. 11. : connect to a ground, of electrical connections for safety reasons. 12. : use as a basis for; found on; "base a claim on some observation". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "ground" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references) |
Etymology: Ground \Ground\ (ground), noun. [Old English ground, grund, Anglo-Saxon grund; akin to Dutch grond, OS., G., Sw., & Danish grund, Icelandic grunnr bottom, Gothic grundus (in composition); perhaps orig. meaning, dust, gravel, and if so perhaps akin to English grind.]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Aerospace | 1. The earth's surface, especially the earth's land surface. Used in combination to form adjectives, as in ground-to-air, ground-to-ground , and air-to-ground. See surface. 2. The domain of nonflight operations that normally take place on the earth's surface or in a vehicle or on a platform that rests upon the surface, as in ground support.3. = electrical ground. (references) |
Building & Civil Engineering | A conductive mass of the earth, whose electric potential at any point is conventionally taken as zero. Source: European Union. (references) |
Electrical Engineering | The negative side of DC power supply. Source: European Union. (references) |
| A low-impedance conductor which provides an electric connection between a given point in equipment i. e. an installation or system, and an earth electrode. Source: European Union. (references) | |
| The conducting mass of the earth or a conductor connected to it through a very small impedance. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Energy | A device used to protect the user of any electrical system or appliance from shock. (references) |
Industry | Basic structure of net, by which the objects are joined. Source: European Union. (references) |
Literature | Ground (Anglo-Saxon, grund.) It would suit me down to the ground. Wholly and entirely. To break ground. To be the first to commence a project, etc.; to take the first step in an undertaking. To gain ground. To make progress; to be improving one's position or prospects of success. To hold one's ground. To maintain one's authority; not to budge from one's position; to retain one's popularity. To lose ground. To become less popular or less successful; to be drifting away from the object aimed at. To stand one's ground. Not to yield or give way; to stick to one's colours; to have the courage of one's opinion. Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Mining | A. Rock at the side of a lode; country rock b. The mineralized deposit and the rocks in which it occurs, e.g., payground, payable reef; barren ground, rock without value c. A ground is a conducting connection, whether intentional or accidental, between an electrical circuit or equipment and either the Earth or someconducting body serving in place of the Earth. Also called earth. e.g., payground, payable reef; barren ground, rock without value. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In electrical engineering, the term ground has the following meanings:
See also: Ground constants
- An electrical connection to earth through an earth-electrode subsystem.
- In an electrical circuit, a common return path that usually (a) is connected to an earth-electrode subsystem and (b) is extended throughout a facility via a facility ground system consisting of the signal reference subsystem, the fault protection subsystem, and the lightning protection subsystem.
- In an electrical circuit, a common return path that (a) may not necessarily be connected to earth and (b) is the zero voltage reference level for the equipment or system.
- Source: from Federal Standard 1037C in support of MIL-STD-188
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Ground."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Soil is the layer of minerals and organic matter, in thickness from from centimeters to a meter or more, on the land surface. Its main components are mineral matter, organic matter, moisture, and air. Soils differ in the ratio of these components.
Minerals in soil are obtained from a variety of sources, but the process which delivers the bulk is weathering of rocks. Weathering is the actions of wind, rain, ice, sunlight, and biological processes on rocks that break them down into smaller particles.
Weathering also releases ions such as K+ and Mg2+ in to the soil solution. Some of these ions are taken up by plants, but the majority not left in solution are absorbed through ion exchange by clays such as montmorillonite. When the level of ions is low in the soil an equilibrium process forces ions back into solution, where they can be used by plants.
However if acid is introduced into soil, hydrogen ions bind in preference to clays, forcing ions out where they can be washed away during rain. Acidity also encourages the weathering of clays, releasing toxic aluminium ions (of which clays are composed) into the solution. To stop this occurring farmers apply alkalic materials such as slaked-lime.
Although there exists plenty of elements such as nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus necessary for plant growth in soil, very little of this is in a form which plants can use. In processes such as nitrification and mineralisation, bacteria and other organisms convert unusable forms (such as NH4+) in to usable forms (such as NO3-). The raw products are initially present as gases in the atmosphere. Processes such as the nitrogen cycle and carbon cycle continually exchange nutrients between the soil and atmosphere.
The organic store in soil is made up of plant debris, animal excreta and other decomposing materials. A lot of the carbon compounds react to form humus, which is composed of very large molecules including esters of carboxylic acid, phenolic compounds and derivatives of benzene. Organic materia in soil provides nutrients necessary for plant growth.
See also; soil life, Soil pH, Soil types, Soil profile, Soil structure
The following text is taken from the Household Cyclopedia of 1881, and should be updated and integrated with the above article:
Soils consist mostly of sand, lime, and clay, with certain saline and organic substances in smaller and varying proportions; but the examination of the ashes of plants shows that a fertile soil must of necessity contain an appreciable quantity of at least eleven different substances, which in most cases exist in greater or less relative abundance in the ash of cultivated plants; and of these the proportions are not by any means immaterial. In general, the soils which are made up of the most various materials are called alluvial; having been formed from the depositions of floods and rivers. Many of them are extremely fertile. Soils consist of two parts; of an organic part, which can readily be burned away when the surface-soil is heated to redness; and of an inorganic part, which remains fixed in the fire, consisting of earthy and saline substances from which, if carbonic acid or any elastic gas be present, it may, however, be driven by the heat. The organic part of soils is derived chiefly from the remains of vegetables and animals which have lived and died in and upon the soil, which have been spread over it by rivers and rains, or which have been added by the industry of man for the purposes of increased fertility.
This organic part varies much in quantity, as well as quality, in different soils. In peaty soils it is very abundant, as well as in some rich, long cultivated lands. In general, it rarely amounts to one-fourth, or 25 per cent. even in our best arable lands. Good wheat soils contain often as little as eight parts in the hundred of organic animal or vegetable matter; oats and rye will grow in a soil containing only 1 1/2 per cent.; and barley when only two or three parts per cent. are present.
The inorganic portion of any given soil, again, is divisible into two portions; that part which is soluble in water, and thus easily taken up by plants, and a much more bulky portion which is insoluble.
Sir Humphry Davy found the following to be the composition of a good productive soil.
Thus the whole amount of organic matter in this instance is only 1 part in 200, or one-half of one per cent.; a fact which, in itself, would demonstrate the fallacy of supposing that decomposed animal and vegetable matter in the soil form the exclusive supply to growing plants.
- In every 9 parts, 8 consisted of siliceous sand;
- the remaining (one-ninth) part was composed, in 100 parts, as follows:
- Carbonate of lime (chalk) 63 grains.
- Pure silex 15 grains.
- Pure alumina, or the earth of clay 11 grains.
- Oxide (rust) of iron 3 grains.
- Vegetable and other saline matter 5 grains.
- Moisture and loss 3 grains.
Clayey soil
A clayey soil, though distinguished by the color which it bears, namely black, white, yellow and red, differs from all other soils, being tough, wet, and cold, and consequently requiring a good deal of labor from the husbandman before it can be sufficiently pulverized, or placed in a state for bearing artificial crops of corn or grass. Clay land is known by the following qualities, or properties.
It holds water like a cup, and once wetted does not soon dry. In like manner, when thoroughly dry, it is not soon wetted; if we except the varieties which have a thin surface, and are the worst of all to manage. In a dry summer, clay cracks and shows a surface full of small chinks, or openings. If ploughed in a wet state, it sticks to the plough like mortar, and in a dry summer, the plough turns it up in great clods, scarcely to be broken or separated by the heaviest roller.
Clayey soils, when sufficiently enriched with manures, are naturally well qualified for carrying crops of wheat, oats, beans, and clover; but are not fitted for barley, turnips, potatoes, etc., or even for being kept under for grass longer than one year. Such soils ought to be regularly summer-fallowed once in six, or at least once in eight years, even when they are comparatively in a clean state, as they contract a sourness and adhesion from wet ploughing, only to be removed by exposure to the sun and wind during the dry months of summer. Soils of this kind receive little benefit from winter ploughing, unless so far as their surface is thereby presented to the frost, which mellows and reduces them in a manner infinitely superior to what could be accomplished by all the operations of man. Still they are not cleaned or made free of weeds by winter ploughing; and therefore this operation can only be considered as a good means for producing a seed-bed, in which the seeds of the future crop may be safely deposited. Hence the necessity of cleansing clay soils during the summer months, and of having always a large part of every clay farm under summer fallow. All clayey soils require great industry and care, as well as a considerable portion of knowledge in dressing or management to keep them in good condition; yet when their natural toughness is got the better of, they always yield the heaviest and most abundant crops. One thing requisite for a clayey soil, is to keep it rich and full of manure; a poor clay being the most ungrateful of all soils, and hardly capable of repaying the expense of labor, after being worn out and exhausted. A clayey soil also receives, comparatively, smell benefit from grass; and when once allowed to get into a sterile condition, the most active endeavors will with difficulty restore fertility to it after the lapse of many years.
Upon light soils the case is very different. These flourish under the grass husbandry; and bare summer fallow is rarely required, because they may be cleaned and cropped in the same year with that valuable esculent, turnip. Upon light soils, however, wheat can seldom be extensively cultivated; nor can a crop be obtained of equal value, either in respect to quantity or quality, as on clay sand loams. The best method of procuring wheat on light lands, is to sow upon a clover stubble, when the soil has got an artificial solidity of body and is thereby rendered capable of sustaining the grain till it arrives at maturity. The same observation applies to soils of a gravelly nature; and upon both barley is generally found of as great benefit as wheat.
Thin clays and peat earths are more friendly to the growth of oats than of other grains, though in favorable seasons a heavy crop of wheat may be obtained from a thin clayey soil, when it has been completely summer-fallowed and enriched with dung. A first application of calcareous manure is generally accompanied with great advantage upon these soils; but when once the effect of this application is over, it can hardly be repeated a second time, unless the land has been very cautiously managed after the first dressing. Neither of these soils is friendly to grass, yet there is a necessity of exercising this husbandry with them, because they are incapable of standing the plough more than a year or two in the course of a rotation.
Wheat ought to be the predominant crop upon all the rich clays and strong loams, and light soils of every kind are well qualified for turnips, barley, etc. Upon the thin and moorish soils, oats must necessarily preserve a prominent rank, and grass seeds may be cultivated upon every one of them, though with different degrees of advantage, according to the natural and artificial richness of each soil, or to the qualities which it possesses for encouraging the growth of clover, in the first instance, and preserving the roots of the plant afterwards.
See also : pedology -- pedogenesis -- soil degradation --soil remediation -- FAO - Soil Unit Classification Scheme -- derelict soil
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Soil."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| GRAS | English | GRound Area System | Computing, Geography |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: GroundSynonyms: crushed (adj), background (n), basis (n), dry land (n), earth (n), flat coat (n), footing (n), land (n), primer (n), primer coat (n), priming (n), priming coat (n), reason (n), soil (n), solid ground (n), terra firma (n), anchor (v), base (v), establish (v), found (v), prime (v), run aground (v), undercoat (v). (additional references) |
| Antonym: figure (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Base | Noun: base, basement; plinth, dado, wainscot; baseboard, mopboard; bedrock, hardpan; foundation; (support); substructure, substratum, ground, earth, pavement, floor, paving, flag, carped, ground floor, deck; footing, ground work, basis; hold, bilge. |
Covering | Veneer, facing; overlay; plate, silver plate, gold plate, copper plate; engobe; ormolu; Sheffield plate; pavement; coating, paint; varnish; (resin) a; plating, barrel plating, anointing; Verb: enamel; epitaxial deposition, vapor deposition; ground, whitewash, plaster, spackel, stucco, compo; cerement; ointment; (grease). |
Land | Noun: land, earth, ground, dry land, terra firma. |
Motive | Reason, ground, call, principle; by end, by purpose; mainspring, primum mobile, keystone; the why and the wherefore; pro and con, reason why; secret motive, arriere pensee; intention. |
Property | Landed property, landed real estate property; realty; land, lands; tenements; hereditaments; corporeal hereditaments, incorporeal hereditaments; acres; ground; (earth); acquest, messuage, toft. |
Region | Noun: region, sphere, ground, soil, area, field, realm, hemisphere, quarter, district, beat, orb, circuit, circle; reservation, pale; (limit); compartment, department; clearing. |
Situation | Place, site, station, seat, venue, whereabouts; ground; bearings; (direction); spot; (limited space). |
Support | Noun: support, ground, foundation, base, basis; terra firma; bearing, fulcrum, bait, caudex crib; point d'appui, gr/pou sto/gr, purchase footing, hold, locus standi; landing place, landing stage; stage, platform; block; rest, resting place; groundwork, substratum, riprap, sustentation, subvention; floor; (basement). |
Give support, furnish support, afford support, supply support, lend support, give foundations, furnish foundations, afford foundations, supply foundations, lend foundations; bottom, found, base, ground, imbed, embed. | |
Teaching | Train, discipline; bring up, bring up to; form, ground, prepare, qualify; drill, exercise, practice, habituate, familiarize with, nurture, drynurse, breed, rear, take in hand; break, break in; tame; preinstruct; initiate; inure; (habituate). |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Fill a man full o' lead, stick him in the ground an' then read words on him. Why, when you've killed a man, why try to read the Lord in as a partner on the job (Red River; writing credit: Borden Chase) I would cut off your head if it were a little higher off the ground. (The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers; writing credit: Frances Walsh) From now on, I'll be your eyes on the ground! (Hot Shots!; writing credit: Jim Abrahams; Pat Proft) Ma'am, my feet are hardly touching the ground. I'm barely able to look over the counter (Home Alone 2: Lost in New York; writing credit: John Hughes) If that plane leaves the ground and you're not with him, you'll regret it. Maybe not today (Casablanca; writing credit: Murray Burnett; Joan Alison) | |
Lyrics | Movin' up and down, dancin' on the ground (Get Ready For This; performing artist: 2 Unlimited) I picked you up, and put you back on solid ground. (Kryptonite; performing artist: 3 Doors Down) Lovin' it up till I hit the ground (Love In An Elevator; performing artist: Aerosmith) Sweet love, to a higher ground (Above The Clouds; performing artist: Amber) No footsteps on the ground (I'm With You; performing artist: Avril Lavigne) | |
Clever | He is useless on top of the ground; he ought to be under it, inspiring the cabbages. (references; author: Mark Twain) He who slings mud looses ground. (references; author: unknown) A man who throws dirt loses ground. (references; author: unknown) Plane Too Close to Ground, Crash Probe Told (references; author: unknown) Combat will occur on the ground between two adjoining maps. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Neutral Ground (1968) Common Ground (1965) Part 1: Play It Safe Ground Handling of Aircraft (1958) Ground Hog Play (1956) Take the High Ground! (1953) | |
Song Titles | SHAKE YOUR BODY (DOwN TO THE GROUND) (performing artist: Jacksons ) Silent Running (On Dangerous Ground) (performing artist: Mike + The Mechanics) Higher Ground (performing artist: Stevie Wonder) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References |
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Books |
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Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | After the bark is peeled off the Pacific yew tree (taxus brevifolin), it is ground up. Taxol is then extracted and purified to produce the chemotherapy drug to treat a variety of cancers. Credit: Unknown photographer/artist. |  | Ground Squirrels like this Spotted Ground Squirrel, S. spilosoma, have been involved in plague epizootics. Credit: CDC. |
 | B. anthracis Colony Characteristics: A. 2-5mm overnight at 35 degrees centigrade without carbon dioxide B. Non-hemolytic, non-pigmented, dry ground glass surface, edge irregular with comma projections, “Medusa Head”. Credit: CDC. |  | This sequence of pictures shows successive steps in optical improvement from ground based ... Credit: NASA. |
 | Akpatok Island lies in Ungava Bay in northern Quebec, Canada. Accessible only by air, Akpatok Island rises out of the water as sheer cliffs that soar 500 to 800 feet (150 to 243km) above the sea surface. The island is an important sanctuary for cliff-nesting seabirds. Numerous ice floes around the island attract walrus and whales, making Akpatok a traditional hunting ground for native Inuit people. Credit: NASA. |  | White terns or fairy terns, Gygis alba, in flight. Laysan albatross chicks on ground. Credit: NOAA's Ark (Animals). |
 | Ground shaker at Position "A" Used to determine earthquake engineering characteristics of buildings C&GS was the first organization to undertake engineering seismology studies Party of William D. Patterson. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |  | Station Mingo, west end of Lovango Cay The "Ground Sea" breaking on the north side of island. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |
 | A rare photo showing both the Washington Monument and the U. S. Capitol from ground level. Credit: America's Coastlines. |  | The Greenhill/East Timbalier above ground waste pit associated with petroleum facility. Credit: America's Coastlines. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Horseshoe and Ground" by John Donovan Commentary: "Close up detail of horse hoof prints." | "Bird on the ground" by Conrad C. Commentary: "White bird on the ground." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Play | Caption | Play | Caption |
 | Grinding; grind; ground; grinds. | | Squash; flatten; smoosh; smash; abrade; beat down; bowl over; compress; crush; debase; deflate; depress; even out; fell; floor; flush; grade; ground; iron out; knock down; lay; lay low; level; mow down; plane; plaster; prostrate; raze; roll; smash; smooth. |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Henri Frederic Amiel | Analysis kills spontaneity. The grain once ground into flour springs and germinates no more. |
Henry Ward Beecher | A library is but the soul's burying ground. It is a land of shadows. |
John Parker. | Stand your ground. Don't fire unless fired upon, but if they mean to have a war, let it begin here. |
John Wesley | My ground is the Bible. Yea, I am a Bible-bigot. I follow it in all things, both great and small. |
Jonathan Westover | We have a choice: to plow new ground or let the weeds grow. |
Sappho | As shepherds trample underfoot a hyacinth on the mountainside, and on the ground the purple flower. |
Sir Arthur Helps | Wise sayings often fall on barren ground; but a kind word is never thrown away. |
Stanislaw J. Lec | When you jump for joy, beware that no one moves the ground from beneath your feet. |
Thomas Jefferson | The natural progress of things is for liberty to yield and government to gain ground. |
William Shakespeare | We go to gain a little patch of ground that hath in it no profit but the name. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | And in the case, and upon this ground, every man hath a right to punish the offender, and be executioner of the law of nature. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Marbury v. Madison | 1803 | Between these alternatives there is no middle ground. (reference) |
Communist Manifesto | 1848 | The discovery of America, the rounding of the Cape, opened up fresh ground for the rising bourgeoisie. (reference) |
Abraham Lincoln | 1863 | But in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground. (The Gettysburg Address) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | The Belgian Government shall, for this purpose, have the right to carry out on the ground all necessary surveys. (reference) |
Winston S. Churchill | 1946 | For them all is distorted, all is broken, even ground to pulp. ("Iron Curtain" Speech) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Emma | Austen, Jane | At last Emma attacked her on another ground. |
As It Fell Upon a Day | Carroll, Lewis | When he turned the handle round, The man fell fainting to the ground. |
A Christmas Carol | Dickens, Charles | The darkness and the mist had vanished with it, for it was a clear, cold, winter day, with snow upon the ground. |
Scarlet Letter | Hawthorne, Nathaniel | He could not but recall how feebly, and with what frequent pauses for breath, he had toiled over the same ground, only two days before |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | Long damask curtains of three colours, on a red ground, matching those of the bed, hung at the second story windows |
The Hobbit: or There and Back Again | J.R.R. Tolkien | In a hole in the ground there lived a hobbit |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | The faint sour stink of rotted cabbages came towards him from the kitchengardens on the rising ground above the river |
King Richard III | Shakespeare, William | Come, noble gentlemen, Let us survey the vantage of the ground. |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | They crawled over the ground, laying the track and rolling on it and picking it up. |
Gulliver's Travels | Swift, Jonathan | Whereupon the huge creature trod short, and looking round about under him for some time, at last espied me as I lay on the ground. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | If possible, do not sleep on the bare ground. (references) | |
Cook all ground beef and hamburger thoroughly. (references) | ||
Adult female ticks lay eggs on the ground in early spring. (references) | ||
Business | Some changes are happening from the ground up. (references) | |
The most difficult aspect of this project is the ground infrastructure. (references) | ||
Cycling is also gaining popular ground, but the market is relatively small. (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | Burma | There are estimates that over 50 Muslim homes burned to the ground and that both Muslims and Buddhists were killed and injured. (references) |
Bangladesh | The Ministry sent a written order in June to stop the news service on the ground that the company had not obtained government approval to broadcast news. (references) | |
Tunisia | The officers pushed her to the ground when she refused to hand over a folder containing evidence of the original assault, including photographs of police surrounding her car. (references) | |
Economic History | Japan | As a market, Japan is a very demanding training ground. (references) |
Saudi Arabia | In particular, mini-split units are gaining ground over wall units. (references) | |
Afghanistan | Massive Soviet ground forces invaded from the north on December 27. (references) | |
Human Rights | Bulgaria | The residents' belongings reportedly were left in piles on the ground. (references) |
China | Seven of the condemned were immediately taken to an execution ground where they were shot. (references) | |
Senegal | The gunmen then forced 14 bus passengers to lie down on the ground and shot and killed them. (references) | |
Indigenous People | Australia | The Government remains opposed to a treaty on the ground that treaties exist only between nations. (references) |
Minorities | Indonesia | Tens of thousands of Christians fled their homes, as villages were attacked and in some cases burned to the ground. (references) |
Georgia | On May 12, a private residence used for gatherings in Tbilisi's Samgori district and occupied by a Kurdish Jehovah's Witness family was burned to the ground; 11 family members escaped unharmed. (references) | |
Political Economy | AUSTRIA | In 2000, the euro, and with it the Austrian schilling, lost considerable ground against the dollar. (references) |
Ethiopia | The military consists of both air and ground forces and reports to the Ministry of National Defense. (references) | |
Sudan | Many women are reluctant to file formal complaints against such abuse, although it is a legal ground for divorce. (references) | |
Political Rights | Cuba | Although President Castro signed the Declaration of Vina del Mar at the Sixth Ibero-American Summit in 1996, in which government leaders reaffirmed their commitment to democracy and political pluralism, the Government continued to oppose independent political activity on the ground that the national system provides a "perfected" form of democracy and that pluralism exists within the one-party structure. (references) |
Trade | Indonesia | Banks were at ground zero of the 1997-98 financial crisis. (references) |
Greece | However, in practice Olympic remains the only ground handling option other than self-handling. (references) | |
Travel | Pakistan | Rents for office space above ground level become progressively lower. (references) |
Haiti | Visitors are well advised to hire a car and driver for ground transportation requirements in Haiti. (references) | |
Senegal | Ground transportation to neighboring countries is possible, but it is cumbersome and time consuming. (references) | |
Women | Cameroon | Spousal abuse is not a legal ground for divorce. (references) |
Cameroon | ALVF, one of the few domestic NGO's dedicated to fighting violence against women, reported that while the situation had not changed very much on the ground during the year, women's issues were at least being discussed more often and more openly by the country's political leaders. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Russia | In January 1999, according to an ILO report, unknown assailants murdered Gennadiy Borisov, a leader of the Vnukovo Airlines Technical and Ground Personnel Union, at the entrance to his apartment. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | TIGHTS, n. An habiliment of the stage designed to reinforce the general acclamation of the press agent with a particular publicity. Public attention was once somewhat diverted from this garment to Miss Lillian Russell's refusal to wear it, and many were the conjectures as to her motive, the guess of Miss Pauline Hall showing a high order of ingenuity and sustained reflection. It was Miss Hall's belief that nature had not endowed Miss Russell with beautiful legs. This theory was impossible of acceptance by the male understanding, but the conception of a faulty female leg was of so prodigious originality as to rank among the most brilliant feats of philosophical speculation! It is strange that in all the controversy regarding Miss Russell's aversion to tights no one seems to have thought to ascribe it to what was known among the ancients as "modesty." The nature of that sentiment is now imperfectly understood, and possibly incapable of exposition with the vocabulary that remains to us. The study of lost arts has, however, been recently revived and some of the arts themselves recovered. This is an epoch of renaissances, and there is ground for hope that the primitive "blush" may be dragged from its hiding-place amongst the tombs of antiquity and hissed on to the stage. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
John Walsh | Well, first of all, they asked me to go down to ground zero, which was really, really a horrifying experience, but it was also a very uplifting experience. |
Rush Limbaugh | Micah Morrison's huge piece in Thursday's Wall Street Journal covers a lot of the ground Gertz first strode over on the Iraq-Oklahoma City connection. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
John Adams | 1797-1801 | Agree upon the number and qualifications of persons who shall have the benefit of choosing, or annex this privilege to the inhabitants of a certain extent of ground. |
Thomas Jefferson | 1801-1809 | When right, I shall often be thought wrong by those whose positions will not command a view of the whole ground. |
Abraham Lincoln | 1861-1865 | But in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground. |
Herbert C. Hoover | 1929-1933 | For our citizens to patronize the violation of a particular law on the ground that they are opposed to it is destructive of the very basis of all that protection of life, of homes and property which they rightly claim under other laws. |
Richard Nixon | 1969-1974 | This honor now beckons America--the chance to help lead the world at last out of the valley of turmoil, and onto that high ground of peace that man has dreamed of since the dawn of civilization. |
Gerald Ford | 1974-1977 | We are finding more and more common ground between our two countries on basic questions of international affairs. |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | Nineteen years ago, almost to the day, we lost three astronauts in a terrible accident on the ground. |
George Bush | 1989-1993 | There is new ground to be broken, and new action to be taken. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | Our common ground is shifting out from under us. |
George W. Bush | 2001-2005 | Every day a retired firefighter returns to Ground Zero, to feel closer to his two sons who died there. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Ground" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 96.56% of the time. "Ground" is used about 15,851 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 96.56% | 15,306 | 606 |
| Lexical Verb (past tense) | 1.81% | 287 | 17,188 |
| Lexical Verb (past participle) | 1.58% | 250 | 18,796 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.04% | 6 | 143,867 |
| Total | 100.00% | 15,851 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "ground" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Ground | Last name | 200 | 33,715 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
Expressions using "ground": Aberdeen Proving Ground ♦ above ground ♦ above ground detector ♦ absence of ground ♦ Absorbent ground ♦ actual ground zero ♦ Advantage ground ♦ advantageous ground ♦ aeronautical ground light ♦ aerospace ground equipment ♦ air defense ground environment ♦ aircraft ground equipment ♦ anchorage ground ♦ arctic ground squirrel ♦ attached ground water ♦ away ground ♦ back ground ♦ ball Ground ♦ bank ground ♦ banking ground ♦ Barren Ground bear ♦ Barren Ground caribou ♦ bat the ball out of the cricket ground ♦ battle Ground ♦ be on dangerous ground ♦ beaten ground ♦ bed ground ♦ being ground ♦ below ground ♦ bite the ground ♦ booming ground ♦ bow to the ground ♦ break fresh ground ♦ break ground ♦ break new ground ♦ breeding ground ♦ Broken ground ♦ Brussels ground ♦ Brussels wire ground ♦ built on low ground ♦ burial ground ♦ burn to the ground ♦ burn to the ground flame ♦ Burying ground ♦ camp ground ♦ camping ground ♦ close to the ground ♦ coarsely ground maize ♦ commanding ground ♦ commit to the ground ♦ common ground ♦ confined ground water ♦ contest every inch of the ground ♦ Contour of ground ♦ cover a lot of ground ♦ cover ground ♦ covered part of the play ground ♦ cricket ground ♦ crushed ground ♦ cut the ground from under one's feet ♦ cut the ground from under smb.'s feet ♦ dark ground illumination ♦ Dead ground ♦ desired ground zero ♦ dig a hole in the ground ♦ dig ground ♦ down to the ground ♦ downy ground cherry ♦ drag oneself along the ground ♦ drift to the ground ♦ drill ground ♦ drop to the ground ♦ dumping ground ♦ eastern ground snake ♦ etching ground ♦ even ground ♦ even with the ground ♦ fair ground ♦ fall on fertile ground ♦ fall on the ground ♦ fall to the ground ♦ feel the ground ♦ firing ground ♦ firm ground ♦ fishing ground ♦ flat ground ♦ football ground ♦ gain ground ♦ gain ground with ♦ get in on the ground floor ♦ get off the ground ♦ get over the ground ♦ gill over the ground ♦ give ground ♦ glassy ice on the ground ♦ go over the ground ♦ go to ground ♦ grazing ground ♦ ground absorption ♦ ground aid ♦ ground alert. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "ground": ground-angle, ground-apple, ground-attack, ground-attack aircraft, ground-base, ground-based, ground-bass, ground-bearing, ground-bombs, ground-borne, ground-borne, ground-borne controllability, ground-bound, ground-breaker, ground-breaking, ground-car, ground-care, ground-clearing, ground-coating, ground-collected, ground-contact, ground-control, ground-controlled, ground-controlled approach, ground-controlled approach procedure, ground-controlled interception, ground-cover, ground-covering, ground-crew, ground-derived data, ground-doves, ground-down, ground-dwellers, ground-dwelling, ground-dwelling wasp, ground-effect, ground-effect machine, ground-effects, ground-elder, ground-emplaced mine, ground-equipment, ground-feeders, ground-feeding, ground-firing, ground-fish, ground-flicker, ground-floor, ground-frame, ground-glass, ground-hugging, ground-in, ground-launched, ground-lease, ground-less, ground-level, ground-lift, ground-line, ground-lines, ground-living, ground-loop, ground-looped, ground-losing, ground-man, ground-mass, ground-motif, ground-moving, ground-nesting, ground-nests, ground-nut, ground-nut, ground-nuts, ground-oriented, ground-plan, ground-plans, ground-planting, ground-related, ground-rent, ground-rules, ground-run, ground-seeds, ground-service crew, ground-shaker, ground-share, ground-shared, ground-sharing, ground-sheet, ground-sheets, ground-sill, ground-site, ground-skim, ground-snow, ground-staff, ground-standing, ground-state, ground-station, ground-storey, ground-strokes, ground-swell, ground-testing, ground-the, ground-theme, ground-to-air, ground-to-air communication, ground-to-flour, ground-to-ground, ground-training, ground-travelling, ground-up, ground-walking, ground-wandering, ground-water, ground-watertable, ground-wave, ground-work, ground-wound. | |
Ending with "ground": above-ground, below-ground, breeding-ground, dumping-ground, feeding-ground, figure-ground, hunting-ground, landing-ground, open-ground, parade-ground, play-ground, soft-ground, stone-ground, training-ground, waste-ground, wax-ground. | |
Containing "ground": above-ground level, air-ground communication, air-ground control radio station, air-ground data link system, air-ground operations system, air-to-ground communication, air-to-ground missile, from-the-ground-up, low-ground-pressure. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
above ground pool | 5,737 | ground recipe turkey | 182 |
above ground swimming pool | 2,772 | ground squirrel | 182 |
ground effects | 2,213 | ground | 177 |
ground transportation | 1,790 | aberdeen proving ground | 174 |
ground hog | 1,043 | ground round | 160 |
ground zero | 798 | ground effects kit | 156 |
ground beef recipe | 716 | battle ground washington | 152 |
in ground pool | 653 | above ground pool installation | 149 |
ground transport | 640 | ground effects for mustang | 145 |
above ground pool deck | 506 | ground pool | 143 |
fedex ground | 454 | ground cover plant | 142 |
ground hog day | 409 | above ground pool heater | 140 |
ground force | 389 | car ground effects | 136 |
new ground | 378 | installing above ground pool | 121 |
above ground pool liner | 312 | ground penetrating radar | 111 |
ground control | 266 | above ground pool supply | 105 |
in ground swimming pool | 243 | design ground | 101 |
higher ground | 207 | ex fed ground | 98 |
common ground | 194 | ground beef | 98 |
ups ground | 194 | body kit ground effects | 94 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "ground"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | grond (soil). (various references) | |
Albanian | pa shkëlqim (dim, lacklustre, mat), dhe (and, dirt, dust, earth, Glebe, grit, ground color, ground colour, land, Mold, mould, muck, soil), fund (back, base, bed, bottom, death, decease, decline, doom, end, ending, epilogue, extremity, finality, finish, foot, foundation, Omega, petticoat, quietus, rock bottom, skirt, sole, stub, tag, tail, tailpiece, terminal, termination), fundar (bottom), fushë (area, board, branch, champaign, cornfield, country, court, deposit, dial, domain, face, field, major, plain, range, realm, region, scope, side, world), i aerodromit, i bluar, i copëtuar (fractionary, fragmented, Riven, shredded), jap bazat, bazë (alkali, base, bases, basis, bedrock, bottom, evidence, foundation, grassroots, groundwork, juice, radix, reason, score, seminal, substratum, substructure, ultimate), ngulit fort, vend (clime, country, course, diggings, job, land, location, locus, nation, native land, neck, part, place, point, position, post, receptacle, region, room, seat, space, spot, station, stead, terrain, territory), prek në fund, sfond (back, backdrop, background, counterpoint, groundwork, setting), shesh (circus, course, court, esplanade, field, place, platform, Square, table), terren (foothold, land, links, location, turf), tokë (coat, continent, country, deck, dirt, domain, earth, Glebe, holding, land, marl, pool, shore, soil, stead, Terra, terrain), tokësor (above ground, earthbound, earthly, earthy, geo-, land, planetary, praedial, predial, sublunary, tellurian, telluric, terrain, terrene, terrestrial, territorial, worldly), tokëzoj (earth), vë sfond, lëshoj përdhe (drop, put down). (various references) | |
Arabic | موضوع نقاش, مزرعة (farm, grange, manor, plantation, ranch), قاعدة أساسية (bottom), وقع على الأرض, تربة (dust, earth, soil), سطح الأرض (mold, mould), سبب (account, beget, breed, bring about, cause, give rise to, inspire, motif, motive, occasion, procure, purpose, ratio, reason, rise, score, source, wherefore, why), إتخذ لموصل كهربائي, أساس (armature, base, basis, bottom, crux, footing, foundation, fundament, grounding, grounds, pedestal, roadbed, rock, structure, subsoil, substratum, substructure), أعد الأرض, أرض (amphitheatre, earth, floor, grounds, land, site, soil, terrain, territory, topsoil), أراضي, دافع باعث (cause, impetus, impulse, incentive), بر (land, mainland). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | пространство (amplitude, area, expansion, extent, reach, sheet, space, stretch), имот (asset, estate, property), земен (earthbound, earthly, earthy, land, material, mundane, planetary, subastral, sublunary, tellurian, terrain, terraneous, terrene, worldly), засядам (go aground), закарвам кораб на плитко, заземяване (earth, earthing, grounding), местност (country, locality, parts, terrain), забранявам на самолет да лети, морско дъно, приземен, поставям на земята, почва (earth, land, room, soil, terrain), повод (cause, halter, handle, motive, occasion, peg, reason, rein, room, signal, subject), под (below, beneath, floor, in, infra, on, to, under, underneath), плац (parade ground), заземявам (earth), основание (basis, cause, foundation, grounds, merits, occasion, reason, subject, warrant, warranty), уреждам (acquit, arrange, atone, compose, deal, dispose of, fix up, negotiate, organize, patch, patch up, pay, quit, regulate, set right, settle, sew up, tee up, work out, wrap, wrap up), слагам (apply, deposit, fit in, fix, implant, impose, lay, lay down, pass, pitch, place, plank down, pop, posit, position, pull on, put, put down, put in, put on, put to, rest, run, set, sew on, ship, stand, stick, stick down, vat), фон (background, distance, field, foil), кацам (alight, put down, settle), грундирам (prime), земя (acres, clod, dirt, earth, estate, geo, land, mainland, mould, soil), основавам (base, bottom, charter, establish, found, institute, launch, organize, plant, promote, set up, start), установявам (ascertain, determine, establish, find, institute, plant, prescribe, seal, vindicate), основа на пласт, обучавам (discipline, drill, form, instruct, lesson, pace, school, take, teach, train, tutor, verse), обосновавам (base, motivate), област (area, clime, demesne, department, district, domain, field, land, limit, market, neck, province, purview, range, realm, region, territory), настилка (floor, lagging, overlay, pave), място (collocation, elbow room, locale, locality, location, locus, place, point, position, post, room, seat, site, space, spot, stand, station, stead), грунд (couch, ground color, ground colour, primer, undertint). (various references) | |
Chinese | 地面 (floor, surface). (various references) | |
Czech | ztroskotat (be wrecked, bite, cast away, cave in, collapse, come to grief, fail, fall through, founder, go by the board, miscarry, shipwreck, wreck), zemì (country, earth, land, nation, place, soil, world), země (Earth), založit (base, begin, constitute, establish, file, float, found, institute, launch, mislay, plant, set up, start, start up, wedge), uzemnit (earth), uzemnìní (earth, earthing), uváznout na mìlèinì, terén (country, terrain), pozemek (holding, land), pozadí (backdrop, background, rear), položit na zem, pùda (attic, earth, Glebe, land, loft, soil, terrain, virgin soil), najet na dno, území (area, domain, soil, territory). (various references) | |
Danish | terræn (grounds, terrain), grund (bottom, foundation). (various references) | |
Dutch | grond (base, basis, bottom, earth, foundation, land, soil), terrein (field, grounds, terrain), ondergrond (bottom, foundation, soil), bodem (bottom, earth, foundation, hull, land, soil), achtergrond (background, bottom, foundation), aarde (earth, land, soil). (various references) | |
Esperanto | grundo (soil), terkonekti (earth), tereno (grounds, terrain), surbazigi (base, found), fundo (bottom, foundation). (various references) | |
Faeroese | grund (account, motive, reason, soil), lendi (grounds, terrain), botnur (background, bottom, foundation, soil), baksýni (background, bottom, foundation), bak (back, bottom, foundation). (various references) | |
Farsi | فرودامدن (Alight, Descend, Perch, Shore), پایه (Base, Basis, Bedrock, Buttress, Cantilever, Column, Degree, Groundwork, Leg, Mark, Measure, Mount, Outrigger, Phase, Pillar, Prop, Root, Sill, Stage, Stalk, Stanchion, Status, Stock, Stratum), میدان (Aim, Place, Plaza, Purview, Ring, Scope, Square), کف دریا (Seabed), کردن (Braid, Do, Fold, Gig, Grade, Hatch, Have, Hinder, Joint, List, Lob, Pass, Peer, Perform, Pickup, Poop, Ramble, Rest, Set, Settle, Stick, Tag, Thread, Tip), زمینه (Background, Base, Basis, Conspectus, Context, Design, Groundwork, Outline, Root, Sketch, Tendency, Terrain, Theme), زمین (Acre, Earth, Globe, Land, Soil, Terrain, Territory, Vale), خاک (Clod, Dirt, Dust, Earth, Grit, Land, Soil, Terrafirma, Territory), اساسی (Basal, Basic, Cardinal, Earthshaking, Fundametal, Material, Meaty, Net, Pivotal, Primordial, Substantial, Vital), اساس (Base, Basis, Bedrock, Cornerstone, Element, Fabric, Groundwork, Nucleus, Root), بناکردن (Build, Erect, Mason, Upbuild), بگل نشاندن , بزمین نشستن (Land), برپازمان ماضی فعلdnirg . (various references) | |
Finnish | maa (country, earth, grounds, land, soil, terrain), maasto (terrain), maaperä (earth, soil). (various references) | |
French | terre (grounds), terrain (grounds), sol, fond. (various references) | |
Frisian | grûn (earth, land, soil), modder (dirt, mud, slime, soil), mêd (grounds, terrain), ierdzje (earth), boaiem (bottom, floor, foundation). (various references) | |
German | Grund (account, bed, bottom, call, cause, causing, depths, earth, field, foundation, grounds, land, matter, motive, occasion, reason, score, soil, subject, territorially), Boden (attic, base, bottom, earth, floor, foundation, land, loft, seabed, seat, soil, terrain), erdboden (earth, land, soil), gelände (exhibition center, grounds, open country, precincts, premises, site, terrain, territory), Erde (clod, dirt, earth, globe, land, soil, world), erden (earth, earthen, earths). (various references) | |
Greek | έδαφος (land, terrain, territory), γη (earth, land), βάση (base, basis, bed, foot, foothold, footing, groundwork, mounting, pedestal). (various references) | |
Hawaiian | fund (bottom, foundation). (various references) | |
Hebrew | עלה (cause, circumstance, occasion, pretext, reason), סבה (cause, reason, turn), טחון, גורם (agent, cause, factor), כתוש (crushed, crushing, pounded, pounding), ארץ (country, land, soil, territory), נמוק (argument, reason, reasoning), אדמה (earth, farm, land, soil), מלוטש (polished, sharpened, whetted), קרקע (bottom, earth, floor, land, soil), שטח (area, field, plane, precinct, realm, spread, surface, tract, zone), שחוק (crushed, derision, laughter, mockery, pounded, ragged, tacky, tattered, worn), לבסס (base, establish, found, predicate), לעלות על שרטון (run aground), מכוסס (chewed), ארקה (earth). (various references) | |
Hungarian | terep (area, field, locale, locality, surface, terrain), terület (area, bailiwick, bawn, building site, countryside, district, domain, grounds, land, location, mop-up, place, province, region, reservation, scope, sphere, terrain, territory, zone), talaj (dirt, land, soil, standing-ground), föld (clime, clod, dirt, earth, land, soil, Terra). (various references) | |
Indonesian | tanah (earth, land, soil), membumikan, arde, alasan (dodge, excuse, motivation, reason). (various references) | |
Irish | talamh. (various references) | |
Italian | suolo (back, bottom, earth, floor, land, soil), fondo (back, background, bed, bottom, deep, depth, dregs, end, estate, floor, foundation, fund, heart, lowness, nature, profound, property, seat, sole), terra (dirt, earth, estate, floor, land, Mold, mould, shore, soil, world), massa (body, bulk, crowd, earth, heap, lump, mass, mob, multitude, pack, paste, welter). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 拠所 (authority). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | きてい (base, default, established, inn, inner rules, launch, official regulations, provisions, regulation, restaurant), せっち (contact patch, establishment, institution), りくじょう (land, shore), グランド (gland, grand), アース (earth), よりどころ (authority, foundation, grounds, something upon which to rely, support), じべた (bare earth), じばん, じめん (appearance of written words, earth's surface, face, impression derived from or appearance of kanji), だいち (earth, eminence, plateau, replace, substitute land, tableland, the solid earth, theland). (various references) | |
Korean | 지상 (grounds). (various references) | |
Luganda | kisaawe. (various references) | |
Manx | thalloo (clod, country, earth, land, shore, soil, terrain, territory), soiaghey er y ghrunt, shleeuit (keen, keen-minded, sharpened, whetted, wide-awake), gruntey (bottom, bottom as fishing, grounding), grunt (bottom, sole), fondaghey (establishment, perfect, prove), bleihit. (various references) | |
Norwegian | grunnstøte, terreng, plass (location, place, plaza, public square, spot, square), bunn, årsak. (various references) | |
Occitan | tèrra (sòl). (various references) | |
Papiamen | tereno (grounds, terrain), fòndo (bottom, foundation), bòm (bomb, bottom, foundation). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | oundgray.(various references) | |
Polish | teren (grounds, terrain). (various references) | |
Portuguese | terra (clay, clod, country, earthenware, farmland, glebe, globe, homeland, land, part, soil), terreno (building sit, glebe, grounds, land, mundane, soil, terrain, terrene, terrestrial, worldly), fundo (back, background, bottom, deep, depth, floor, foundation, fund, gist, grounding, groundwork, milieu, profound, rock bottom, sole, sunken, undercurrent), basear (base, bottom, found). (various references) | |
Romanian | depune armele (cave in, lay down arms), fundament (base, basis, foundation, groundwork), fund de mare, fund (back, background, bottom, buttocks, crown, depth, end, floor, head, rear, seat, sole), funciar (fundamental, land, landed), fond (background, bottom, content, elements, essence, field, fund, gist, groundwork, gut, matter, spine, staple, stock, substance, sum, supply), face legãturã cu pãmântul (connect to the earth), ţãrânã (clay, clod, dust, earth, mould), doborî (beat, bring, bring low, cut down, fell, floor, grass, hew down, knock down, overcome, overpower, prostrate, smash, strike down, tip), motiva (base, justify, motivate, motive), clãdi (base, build, construct, erect, form, found, groin, throw out), cauzã (account, bottom, call, cause, consideration, induction, motive, reason, root, score, subject, wherefore, whys), câmp (acre, field, plain, range, scope, sphere), bazã (alkali, base, bases, basis, bottom, footing, foundation, foundation stone, groundwork, measured mile, root, sole, support), baza (base), ateriza (land, put down), învãţa (bone, drill, educate, indoctrinate, instruct, inure, learn, master, read, school, study, teach, train), eşua (abort, beach, break down, come down, drop through, fail, fall, founder, miscarry, pile up, run aground, run ashore, strand), raţiune (intellect, intelligence, lucidity, mind, motive, ratio, rationality, reason, sense, understanding, wit), trecut şi participiu trecut de la grind, teren (course, domain, earth, field, land, site, soil, terrain, tract), temelie (base, basement, bases, basis, foundation, groundwork, substruction), temei (base, basis, bottom, depth, grounding, rudiment, spring), sprijini (abet, back, bear, bolster, boost, brace, buttress, carry, carry through, countenance, encourage, endorse, forward, help, lean, line up behind, patronize, prop, recline, rest, second, speed, sponsor, stay, strike a blow for, strut, superinduce, support, take up the cudgels for, uphold), sol (ambassador, earth, envoy, Herald, land, Mold, mould, officer, so, soil, Sol), silnicã, mãcinat (grinding), reţine (arrest, bespeak, book, catch, confine, delay, detain, dock, engage, fix, hinder, hold, hold in, impede, keep, keep back, keep in, laten, learn, memorize, nota bene, refrain, remember, reserve, restrain, retain, secure, stop, take by the button, trammel, withhold), motiv (account, call, cause, consideration, impulse, motive, occasion, reason, score, spring, subject, wherefore, whys), pune jos (down, throw), pretext (blind, color, colour, cover, excuse, guise, handle, mask, occasion, pretence, pretext, veil), poseda (have, hold, own, possess), porţiune de pãmânt, parc în jurul casei, pãmânt (acre, all over the world, clay, clod, country, dirt, earth, estate, Glebe, land, Mold, mould, property, region, sod, soil, territory, throughout the world), zaţ (draff, dregs, grounds, matter), se scufunda (dive, duck, founder, go down, go to the bottom, go under, sink). (various references) | |
Russian | молотый, почва (dirt, earth, land, pavement, soil), приземляться (alight, land, land-on, touch down), притертый (ground-in), причина (cause, reason, reason for, root, score, subject, wherefores), заземление (earth, earthing, ground connection, grounding), заземлять (earth), измельченный (crushed), местность (country, locality, moorland, oakery, situation, tank country, terrain), шлифовальный, наскочить на мель, обосновывать (substantiate), обучать (discipline, educate, instruct, profess, qualify, school, teach), основание (account, base, bases, basis, bed, bedding, bottom, cause, establishment, evidence, foot, foundation, grounding, pedestal, radices, radix, raison, reason, sole, subbase, substratum, substructure, underlay), основывать (establish, found, founded, founding, institute, plant), грунт (couch, dirt, earth, ground color, ground colour, ground-colour, priming), грунтовой, земля (dirt, earth, infield, land, land mass, nether regions, nether world, soil). (various references) | |
Scottish | màs (bottom, bottom of any vessel, buttock, foundation, hip, the buttock), blàr (a field, as animal, battle-field, field, having a white face, white spotted on face). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | zemlja (country, dirt, earth, land, nation, soil, terra, territory), uzemljiti, tlo (earth, glebe, soil), temeljiti, proš. vreme i particip od grind, položiti (lay, lay down, pay down, repose, set down), pod (below, beneath, floor, on, sub, under, underneath), osnova (base, basis, bottom, footing, foundation, grassroots, plane, radix, stem, substruction, warp), nasukati (strand), mleven (grind), dno (bottom, gutter, rock bottom), brušen. (various references) | |
Spanish | terreno (earthy, going, grounds, land, location, Park, piece of ground, piece of land, rough, terrain), suelo (bottom, clearcole, deck, earth, floor, foundation, grunt, land, soil), tierra (continent, country, dust, earth, land, soil, world), fondo (back, backdrop, background, bottom, deep, depth, floor, fund, long distance, rock bottom, seat, term). (various references) | |
Sranan | gron (earth, field, land, soil). (various references) | |
Swahili | udongo (soil). (various references) | |
Swedish | jord (carth, dust, earth, land, soil, world), terräng (grounds, terrain), mark (counter, earth, field, floor, land, Mark, soil, territory), grund (bank, basic, basis, behalf, bottom, cause, cay, footing, foundation, root, shallow, shoal, soil, superficial), botten (bottom, field, floor, foundation, lousy), gårdsplan (court, courtyard, Dooryard, farmyard, forecourt). (various references) | |
Tagalog | ilálim (bottom, foundation). (various references) | |
Thai | ทำให้ยอมรับ (suit someone (down) to the ground), ยอมจำนนกับ (lose ground to), จ้างให้ทำงานระดับต่ำหรือต่ำต้อย (let in on the ground floor). (various references) | |
Turkish | kurmak (activate, base, build, build up, cog, conspire, constitute, construct, erect, establish, fix up, float, form, found, frame, install, institute, lay, line up, organize, pitch, plant, promote, put, put together, ruminate, set, set up, start, strike up, time, weave, wind up), çekilmiş (drawn, milled, spun, withdrawn), öğütülmüş (crushed, granulated, milled), asil (aristocratic, aristocratical, blue blood, born in the purple, bottom, dignified, foundation, gently born, grand, lineage, lordly, noble, of gentle birth, of noble birth, origin, royal, sublime, superior, well bred), buzlu (frappe, frosted, frosty, iced, icy, mat, Matt, on the rocks, with ice), díp (bottom, foundation), dayanak (abutment, anchorage, base, fulcrum, hinge, Mount, pivot, prop, rest, shore, support), dayandırmak (attribute, base, base on, base upon, found, predicate, trace), dayanmak (abut, be based on, be predicated on, bear up, bear up against, bear with, Brook, consist, endure, found, go on, hang, hang on, hinge on, hold, hold on, hold one's own, hold out, hold up, last, lean, lean upon, offer resistance, osculate, put up with, rely on, rely upon, repose, repose on, resist, rest, rest against, root in, stand, stand on, stand the racket, stand up, stand upon, stay, stick, stick it, stick out, survive, sweat out, take, take it, thole, tolerate, trace, wear, withstand), dip (base, bottom, depth, fag end, far end, foot, fundament), hareket izni vermemek, kara (black, earth, ivory black, land, nigr-, overland, sable, shore, smut, sooty, terra firma, territorial), çakmak (be aware of, be ploughed, be plowed, beetle, cotton on to, drive, drive in, flash, flunk, gaslighter, hammer, land, lighter, pitch, ram, root, rumble, spin, stick, strike, tack, tack down, twig, understand), kiç (bottom, foundation), zemin (backcloth, backdrop, background, bed, floor, ground-, groundwork, level, stage), neden (case, causatively, cause, forwhy, inducement, motive, occasion, point, reason, rise, room, seeds, what for, whence, wherefore, wherefrom, why), saha (breadth, field, pitch, range, tract), sebep (account, causation, cause, consideration, inducement, occasion, reason, subject, why), temel (abecederian, back drop, backbone, basal, base, basic, basis, bed, bottom, bread and butter, constitutive, corner stone, elemental, elementary, footing, fortification, foundation, fundament, fundamental, grass roots, ground form, groundwork, guiding, hard pan, keystone, parent, pedestal, primary, principal, root, rudimental, rudimentary, socle, staple, substratum, substructure, underlying, working), toprak (clay, country, earth, earthen, earthenware, fictile, Glebe, ground-, land, soil, terra firma, terraneous, territory), topraklama, topraklamak (earth), tortulu (crusted, fecal, feculent, sedimentary, turbid), yer (earth, footing, geo-, Glebe, ground-, locale, locality, location, locus, mother earth, pew, place, position, post, premises, quarter, room, seat, site, situation, situs, slot, space, spot, stand, standing, station, stead, terrain, terraneous, ubiety, where, whereabouts), yere indirmek, yere sermek (beat down, down, grass, kayo, knock down, knock galley-west, lay low, lay out, lay smb. low, prostrate, send smb. flying, send smb. sprawling), karaya oturtmak (pile up, shipwreck, strand, wreck). (various references) | |
Turkmen | toprak (earth, land), meяdanзa (area, site). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | сісти на мілину (bank, run aground, strand), фундамент (base, basement, basis, bedding, bottom, footing, foundation, groundwork, substruction, substructure), грунтувати (build, prime), грунтовка (clear-cole, primer, priming), місцевість (ambit, country, district, locality, moorland, situation), мелений (milled), земля (earth, land, mould, shore, sod, soil, territory, universe), підстава (account, base, basis, cause, occasion, reason, warranty), пришліфований, приземлятися (sit down), подрібнений (granulated), ділянка землі (clearing, dale, holding). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | trường bắn (firing ground, shooting-range), tô đất (ground-rent), sân vận động (play-field, playing-field, sports field, sports ground), sân chơi thể thao (sports field, sports ground), sự câu chim (ground-fishing), sông đáy (ground swell), nghĩa địa (burial-ground, cemetery, god's acre, graveyard, necropolis), ngư lôi đây (ground torpedo), lạc (ground-nut, monkey-nut, stray), kính mờ (ground glass), chủ cho thuê đất để xây dựng (ground landlord), cá tầng đáy (ground-fish), băng đáy (ground-ice), địa tô (ground-rent). (various references) | |
Welsh | gwyddori (instruct), tirio (land), tir (country, land, territory), seilio (base, found), pridd (earth, mould, soil), llawr (earth, floor, storey), egwyddori (initiate, instruct), daear (earth, soil). (various references) | |
Yucatec | lu'um (earth, land, soil). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Sumerian | 3100 BCE-2500 BCE | ki. (various references) |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | humus. (various references) |
| Avestan | 200-600 | zå. (various references) |
| Old English | 450-1100 | flet, folde, grunde. (various references) |
| French | 1500-Modern | fond, terrain. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | John Chapter 8, Verse 8 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Kai palin katw kuyaV egrafen eiV thn ghn |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Et iterum se inclinans scribebat in terra |
| Old English | 990 | West Saxon | Ænd he abeah eft & wrat on þareeorðan. |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | And eft he bowide hym silf, and wroot in the erthe. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | And agayne he stouped doune and wrote on ye grounde. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | And again he stooped down, and wrote on the ground. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | And again he stooped down, and wrote on the ground. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | And again, with bent head, he made letters on the floor. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | John Chapter 8, Verse 8 |
| Cebuano | Ug unya miusab siya patikubo ug mipadayon sa pagsulat sa yuta pinaagi sa iyang tudlo. |
| Chinese | 於 是 又 彎 著 腰 用 指 頭 在 地 上 畫 字 。 |
| Croatian | I ponovno se sagnuvši, nastavi pisati po zemlji. |
| Danish | Og han bøjede sig atter ned og skrev på Jorden. |
| Dutch | En wederom nederbukkende, schreef Hij in de aarde. |
| Finnish | Ja taas hän kumartui alas ja kirjoitti maahan. |
| French | Et s`étant de nouveau baissé, il écrivait sur la terre. |
| German | Und bückte sich wieder nieder und schrieb auf die Erde. |
| Hungarian | És újra lehajolván, írt vala a földre. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Sesudah itu Yesus tunduk kembali dan menulis lagi di tanah. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Lalu tunduk pula Ia lagi melukis tanah itu. |
| Italian | E chinatosi di nuovo, scriveva per terra. |
| Korean | 다 시 몸 을 굽 히 사 손 가 락 으 로 땅 에 쓰 시 니 |
| Maori | Na ka piko ano ia, ka tuhituhi ki te whenua. |
| Norwegian | Og han bukket sig atter ned og skrev på jorden. |
| Portuguese | E, tornando a inclinar-se, escrevia na terra. |
| Rumanian | Apoi S`a plecat iarqw, wi scria cu degetul pe pqmknt. |
| Shuar | Tura nuna ti, ataksha Tsuntsumá Nunká aimiayi. |
| Spanish | Al inclinarse hacia abajo otra vez, escribía en tierra. |
| Swahili | Kisha akainama tena, akawa anaandika ardhini. |
| Swedish | Sedan böjde han sig åter ned och skrev på jorden |
| Uma | Oti toe, motungka' wo'o-imi, pai' -i mo'uki' tena hi tana' hante karawe-na. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "ground": groundbreaker, groundbreakers, groundbreaking, groundburst, groundbursts, grounded, grounder, grounders, groundfish, groundfishes, groundhog, groundhogs, grounding, groundings, groundless, groundlessly, groundlessness, groundlessnesses, groundling, groundlings, groundmass, groundmasses, groundnut, groundnuts, groundout, groundouts, grounds, groundsel, groundsels, groundsheet, groundsheets, groundskeeper, groundskeepers, groundsman, groundsmen, groundswell, groundswells, groundwater, groundwaters, groundwood, groundwoods, groundwork, groundworks. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "ground": aboveground, aground, background, battleground, belowground, campground, fairground, foreground, playground, reground, underground, unground. (additional references) | |
Words containing "ground": backgrounded, backgrounder, backgrounders, backgrounding, backgrounds, battlegrounds, campgrounds, fairgrounds, foregrounded, foregrounding, foregrounds, playgrounds, undergrounder, undergrounders, undergrounds, ungrounded. (additional references) | |
| |
"Ground" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: garound, Garrould, Girondo, Giroud, Gourna, Graun, Graunde, Graunt, groant, Grohnde, groid, gronnd, grood, groud, grouda, Grouin, groun, grounde, groundy, groung, Gruaud, grund, Jorund, oround, pround. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "ground" (pronounced grou"nd) |
| 5 | g r ou" n d | aground. |
| 4 | -r ou" n d | browned, crowned, drowned, frowned, round. |
| 3 | -ou" n d | abound, around, astound, bound, confound, downed, expound, found, hound, impound, inbound, mound, newfound, pound, profound, propound, rebound, redound, renowned, resound, sound, surround, ultrasound, unbound, unsound, unwound, wound. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "d-g-n-o-r-u" | |
-1 letter: gourd, round. | |
-2 letters: dong, dour, drug, dung, durn, duro, nurd, rung, undo. | |
-3 letters: dog, don, dor, dug, dun, duo, gnu, god, gor, gun, nod, nog, nor, oud, our, rod, rug, run, udo, urd, urn. | |
-4 letters: do, go, no, nu, od, on, or, un. | |
| Words containing the letters "d-g-n-o-r-u" | |
+1 letter: aground, goldurn, grounds, guerdon, nondrug, undergo. | |
+2 letters: drouking, goldurns, gourmand, grounded, grounder, guerdons, gueridon, reground, rigaudon, rounding, trudgeon, underdog, undergod, unforged, unground. | |
+3 letters: burgeoned, dangerous, detouring, devouring, gourmands, greyhound, grounders, groundhog, grounding, groundnut, groundout, groundsel, guerdoned, gueridons, gunpowder, noseguard, obtruding, outdaring, outranged, outriding, producing, rigaudons, roughened, scrounged, shrouding, strouding, trudgeons, underdogs, undergods, undergoes, undergone, ungodlier, ungrouped. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Sounds 10. Quotations: Familiar 11. Quotations: Historic 12. Quotations: Fiction | 13. Quotations: Non-fiction 14. Quotations: Spoken 15. Quotations: Speeches 16. Usage Frequency | 17. Names: Frequency 18. Expressions 19. Expressions: Internet 20. Translations: Modern | 21. Translations: Ancient 22. Bible Trace 23. Abbreviations 24. Acronyms | 25. Derivations 26. Rhymes 27. Anagrams 28. Bibliography |
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