AMATEUR PACKET RADIO

Domain	Definition
Computing	Amateur packet radio (PR) The use of packet radio by amateurs to communicate between computers. PR is a complete amateur radio computer network with "digipeaters" (relays), mailboxes (BBS) and other special nodes. In Germany, it is on HF, say, 2m (300 and 1200 BPS), 70cm (1200 to 9600 BPS), 23cm (normally 9600 BPS and up, currently most links between digipeaters) and higher frequencies. There is a KW (short wave) Packet Radio at 300 BPS, too. Satellites with OSCAR (Orbiting Sattelite Carring Amateur Radio) transponders (mostly attached to commercial satellites by the AMateur SATellite (AMSAT) group) carry Packet Radio mailboxes or digipeaters. There are both on-line and off-line services on the packet radio network: You can send electronic mail, read bulletins, chat, transfer files, connect to on-line DX-Clusters (DX=far distance) to catch notes typed in by other HAMs about the hottest international KW connections currently coming up (so you can pile up). PR uses AX.25 (an X.25 derivative) as its transport layer and sometimes even TCP/IP is transmitted over AX.25. AX.25 is like X.25 but the adressing uses HAM "calls" like "DG8MGV". There are special "wormholes" all over the world which "tunnel" amateur radio traffic through the Internet to forward mail. Sometimes mails travels over satelites. Normally amateur satellites have strange orbits, however the mail forwarding or maibox satellites have very predictable orbits. Some wormholes allow HAMs to bridge from Internet to AMPR-NET, e.g. db0fho.ampr.org or db0fho.et-inf.fho-emden.de, but only if you are registered HAM. Because amateur radio is not for profit, it must not be interconnected to the Internet but it may be connected through the Internet. All people on the (completely free) amateur radio net must be licensed radio amateurs and must have a "call" which is unique all over the world. There is a special domain AMPR.ORG (44...) for amateur radio reserved in the IP space. This domain is split between countries, which can further subdivide it. For example 44.130..* is Germany, 44.130.58.* is Augsburg (in Bavaria), and 44.130.58.20 is dg8mgv.ampr.org (you may verify this with nslookup). Mail transport is only one aspect of packet radio. You can talk interactively (as in chat), read files, or play silly games built in the Packet Radio software. Usually you can use the autorouter to let the digipeater network find a path to the station you want. However there are many (sometimes software incompatible) digipeaters out there, which the router cannot use. Paths over 1000 km are unlikely to be useable for real-time communication and long paths can introduce significant delay times (answer latency). Other uses of amateur radio for computer communication include RTTY (baudot), AMTOR, PACTOR, and CLOVER. A huge hamradio archive (ftp://ftp.ucsd.edu/hamradio/) Usenet newsgroup: news:rec.radio.amateur.packet. (2001-05-12). Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)

41 4D 41 54 45 55 52 50 41 43 4B 45 54 52 41 44 49 4F

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)

Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)

01000001 01001101 01000001 01010100 01000101 01010101 01010010 00100000 01010000 01000001 01000011 01001011 01000101 01010100 00100000 01010010 01000001 01000100 01001001 01001111

HTML Code (1990) (references)

&#65 &#77 &#65 &#84 &#69 &#85 &#82 &#32 &#80 &#65 &#67 &#75 &#69 &#84 &#32 &#82 &#65 &#68 &#73 &#79

ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)

0041 004D 0041 0054 0045 0055 0052 0050 0041 0043 004B 0045 0054 0052 0041 0044 0049 004F

Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)

Expression	Frequency per Day
amateur packet radio	4
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

AMATEUR PACKET RADIO

Specialty Definition: AMATEUR PACKET RADIO

Computing

Crosswords: AMATEUR PACKET RADIO

Frequency of Internet Keywords: AMATEUR PACKET RADIO

amateur packet radio

Alternative Orthography: AMATEUR PACKET RADIO

41 4D 41 54 45 55 52 50 41 43 4B 45 54 52 41 44 49 4F

01000001 01001101 01000001 01010100 01000101 01010101 01010010 00100000 01010000 01000001 01000011 01001011 01000101 01010100 00100000 01010010 01000001 01000100 01001001 01001111

&#65 &#77 &#65 &#84 &#69 &#85 &#82 &#32 &#80 &#65 &#67 &#75 &#69 &#84 &#32 &#82 &#65 &#68 &#73 &#79

0041 004D 0041 0054 0045 0055 0052 0050 0041 0043 004B 0045 0054 0052 0041 0044 0049 004F

35473554395552250353745395425235384349

INDEX