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Definition: Riches |
RichesNoun1. An abundance of material possessions and resources. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "riches" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references) |
Etymology: Riches \Rich"es\, plural noun. [from Old English expression richesse, French richesse, from riche rich, of German origin. See Rich,a.]. (Websters 1913) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Satire | RICHES, n. A gift from Heaven signifying, "This is my beloved son, in whom I am well pleased." John D. Rockefeller The reward of toil and virtue. J.P. Morgan The sayings of many in the hands of one. Eugene Debs To these excellent definitions the inspired lexicographer feels that he can add nothing of value. Source: Devil's Dictionary. |
Dream Interpretation | To dream that you are possessed of riches, denotes that you will rise to high places by your constant exertion and attention to your affairs. Source: Ten Thousand Dreams Interpreted .... |
Tips from 1870 | Usage: Alms, Odds, Riches. Many nouns that end in s have a plural appearance, and we are often perplexed to know whether to use this or these, and whether to employ a singular or a plural verb when the noun is used as a substantive. Amends is singular. Assets, dregs, eaves, bees, pincers, riches, scissors, sheers, tongs, vitals, are plural. When we say a pair of pincers, or scissors, or shears, or tongs, the verb should be singular. Tidings, in Shakespeare's time, was used indiscriminately with a singular or plural verb, but is now generally regarded as plural. Alms and headquarters are usually made plural, but are occasionally found with a singular verb. Pains is usually singular. Means, odds, and species are singular or plural, according to the meaning. "By this means he accomplished his purpose." "What other means is left to us?" "Your means are very slender, and your waste is great." Source: Slips of Speech. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Synonym: RichesSynonym: wealth (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Wealth | Verb: be rich; Adjective: roll in wealth, roll in riches, wallow in wealth, wallow in riches. |
Noun: wealth, riches, fortune, handsome fortune, opulence, affluence; good circumstances, easy circumstances; independence; competence; (sufficiency); solvency. | |
Made of money; rich as Croesus, filthy rich, rich as a Jew; rolling in riches, rolling in wealth. | |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Riches |
| English words defined with "riches": Heavy purse ♦ Increasing function ♦ Long purse ♦ Nouvelles riches, Noveaux riches ♦ Richesse ♦ wealthily. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "riches": Aglaos, Agur's Wish, Alms ♦ Cable, Contentment is true Riches ♦ Dying Sayings ♦ Eggs ♦ Furs ♦ Gennesaret ♦ INCOME ♦ Jewels ♦ Karoon ♦ Lobster ♦ Malt, Man of Ross, Milk, MUSHROOM ♦ Odds ♦ Peacock, Pump, PURSE PROUD ♦ RADIUM, riches, Rising ♦ Stairs ♦ UPSTARTS. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "riches": Opiparous, Opulent ♦ Richesse. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Riches" is also a word in the following language with English translations in parentheses. French (rich, wealthy). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | That would be crazy! You may not realize it now, but when you save a rich guy's life, he showers you with riches! Don't you know the story of Hercules and the Lion? (The Simpsons; writing credit: Artur Brauner; Paul Hengge) Anyway, once upon a time, there was a big, mean lion who got a thorn in his paw. All the villagers tried to pull it out, but nobody was strong enough, so they got Hercules and he used his mighty strength, and bingo! Anyway, the moral is, is that the lion was so happy, that he gave Hercules this big thing of riches! (The Simpsons; writing credit: Artur Brauner; Paul Hengge) You see, sir, rich people and theorists -- who are usually rich people -- think of poverty in the negative, as the lack of riches -- as disease might be called the lack of health. (Sullivan's Travels; writing credit: Preston Sturges) | |
Lyrics | And I know the roads to riches, (Making Love Out Of Nothing At All; performing artist: Air Supply) Rags to riches (Paradise City; performing artist: Guns N' Roses) So many riches (If You Love Somebody Set Them Free; performing artist: Sting) I've got all the riches baby one man can claim. ("My Girl"; performing artist: The Temptations) Come roll in all the riches all around you (Colors of the wind; performing artist: Vanessa Williams) | |
Movie/TV Titles | From Riches to Rags (1966) The Riches of the Indies (1958) Les Très riches heures de l'Afrique romaine (1956) Riches of the Earth (1954) Mon curé chez les riches (1952) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Theater & Movies | |
Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit |  | Pour enrichir les riches, votez U.D.R.Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Benjamin Franklin | He who multiplies riches, multiplies cares. |
Charles Lamb | Riches are chiefly good because they give us time. |
Christian Nevell Bovee | Hope is the best part of our riches. |
Christopher Marlowe | Infinite riches in a little room. |
Francis Bacon | Riches are for spending. |
John Ray | Children are poor men's riches. |
Menander | Riches cover a multitude of woes. |
Seneca | Fortune can take away riches, but not courage. |
Thomas Fuller | Riches enlarge rather than satisfy appetites. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | Thus people, riches, trade, power, change their stations, flourishing mighty cities come to ruin, and prove in times neglected desolate corners, whilst other unfrequented places grow into populous countries, filled with wealth and inhabitants. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. | 1963 | So we have come to cash this check -- a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice. (Delivered on the steps at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. on August 28, 1935) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | A giant who should have filtered this cloaca would have had the riches of centuries in his sieve. |
Gulliver's Travels | Swift, Jonathan | That I left it to get riches, whereby I might maintain myself and family when I should return. |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | The ancient philosophers, Chinese, Hindoo, Persian, and Greek, were a class than which none has been poorer in outward riches, none so rich in inward. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | INCOME, n. The natural and rational gauge and measure of respectability, the commonly accepted standards being artificial, arbitrary and fallacious; for, as "Sir Sycophas Chrysolater" in the play has justly remarked, "the true use and function of property (in whatsoever it consisteth -- coins, or land, or houses, or merchant- stuff, or anything which may be named as holden of right to one's own subservience) as also of honors, titles, preferments and place, and all favor and acquaintance of persons of quality or ableness, are but to get money. Hence it followeth that all things are truly to be rated as of worth in measure of their serviceableness to that end; and their possessors should take rank in agreement thereto, neither the lord of an unproducing manor, howsoever broad and ancient, nor he who bears an unremunerate dignity, nor yet the pauper favorite of a king, being esteemed of level excellency with him whose riches are of daily accretion; and hardly should they whose wealth is barren claim and rightly take more honor than the poor and unworthy." |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
John Adams | 1797-1801 | If national pride is ever justifiable or excusable it is when it springs, not from power or riches, grandeur or glory, but from conviction of national innocence, information, and benevolence. |
Woodrow Wilson | 1913-1921 | With riches has come inexcusable waste. |
John F. Kennedy | 1961-1963 | All our material riches will avail us little if we do not use them to expand the opportunities of our people. |
Lyndon B. Johnson | 1963-1969 | This kind of society will not flower spontaneously from swelling riches and surging power. |
Gerald Ford | 1974-1977 | I see America resurgent, certain once again that life will be better for our children than it is for us, seeking strength that cannot be counted in megatons and riches that cannot be eroded by inflation. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Riches" is generally used as a noun (plural) -- approximately 87.25% of the time. "Riches" is used about 298 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (plural) | 87.25% | 260 | 18,316 |
| Noun (proper) | 10.74% | 32 | 61,292 |
| Lexical Verb (-s form) | 2.01% | 6 | 143,867 |
| Total | 100.00% | 298 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "riches" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Riches | Last name | 200 | 37,040 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
| The following table summarizes names derived from the word "riches". | |||
| Name | Gender | Language | Meaning |
| Mammon | N/A | Biblical | Riches |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references.
| |||
Expressions using "riches": accumulate riches ♦ mineral riches ♦ Nouvelles riches ♦ Noveaux riches ♦ roll in riches ♦ rolling in riches ♦ wallow in riches. Additional references. | |
| Hypenated Usage | |
Ending with "riches": nouveaux-riches, rags-to-riches. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
riches | 224 | in people riches world | 7 |
rag to riches | 94 | rag riches sweepstake | 7 |
department riches store | 84 | rag to riches movie | 7 |
hersheys.com riches wrapper | 62 | internet riches | 6 |
macys riches | 56 | aztec casino riches | 6 |
roulette riches | 51 | bag riches | 6 |
riches wrapper | 44 | rug to riches | 6 |
building estate from rag real riches through wealth | 24 | furniture riches | 6 |
rice riches | 22 | road to the riches | 5 |
riches simon | 21 | dept riches store | 5 |
hersheys riches wrapper | 16 | world riches people | 5 |
rag to riches tv show | 15 | riches man | 5 |
rag riches story | 12 | macys.com riches | 5 |
real estate riches | 11 | auction riches | 4 |
hershey.com riches wrapper | 10 | heures les riches tres | 4 |
man poor riches | 10 | de femmes rencontres riches | 4 |
macy riches | 9 | aztec poker riches | 4 |
riches people | 9 | go hersheys.com riches wrapper | 4 |
from rag to riches | 8 | médias riches solution | 4 |
riches store | 7 | médias riches | 4 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "riches"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | të pasurit (rich), pasuri (asset, fleshpot, fortune, independence, mammon, mean, moneybags, opulence, ownership, pelf, pregnancy, resource, richness, wealth), bollëk (abundance, affluence, ampleness, amplitude, exuberance, exuberancy, flowing, galore, opulence, plenitude, plenty, plethora, profusion, redundance, redundancy, richness, store, superfluity, wealth). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | غنى (affluence, chant, croon, enrich, make money, opulence, perform, render, richness, sang, sing, sung, warble, wealth), الموسرون, المترفين, الأغنياء, ثروة (fortune, mammon, opulence, pelf, purse, resource, resources, substance, treasure, wealth), ثراء (prosperity). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | съкровища, ценности (valuables, values), богатство (abundance, affluence, fortune, mammon, means, moneybags, opulence, pelf, pregnancy, purse, richness, shekels, substance), богатства (lucre, possessions). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 財富 (wealth), 財 (money, property, valuables, wealth). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | hojnost (abundance, affluence, ampleness, exuberance, exuberancy, galore, lashings, legion, opulence, plenitude, plenty, profusion, redundance, redundancy, superfluity), bohatství (amplitude, fortune, gold, great fortune, mammon, money bag, opulence, possessions, richness, wealth). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | rikkaus (abundance, riches richness, wealth), tavoitella rikkautta (strive for riches). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | richesse (richness). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Reichtümer (opulences, prosperities, richnesses, wealthinesses, wealths). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | πλούτη (fortune, wealth). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | שפע (abundance, affluence, affluency, excess, exuberance, glut, luxuriance, opulence, plenty, plethora, profusion, superabundance, surfeit, wealth), עושר (abundance, affluence, affluency, lucre, opulence, richness, wealth), הון (capital, wealth), נכס (asset, possession, property, wealth). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | vagyon (asset, bank-roll, estate, fortune, goods, opulence, pelf, possessions, property, shekels, substance, title, wealth), gazdagság (affluency, amplitude, copiousness, exuberance, exuberancy, flesh-pots of egypt, money, money bags, opulence, pelf, plenty, profuseness, profusion, richness, spaciousness, superabundance, wealth). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indonesian | perbendaharaan (repertory, thesaurus, treasury). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | ricchezze. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 富裕 (opulence, wealth). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | ざい (dose, drug, fortune, medicine), ふゆう (floating, May fly, opulence, rich and famous, something ephemeral, suspension, wafting, wandering, wealth). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | cowryn (belongings, chattel, chattels, effects), berchys (opulence, richness, substance, wealth). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | ichesray riquezas (chip, money, shekel), riqueza (abundance, affluence, fullness, fulness, gold, mellowness, moneybag, opulence, pelican, pregnant, property, prosperity, richness, success, treasure, wealth), opulência (abundance, moneybox, opulence, richness, wealth), bens (belongings, estate, goods, moneybag, property), algo (anything, something, somewhat). (various references) comoarã (duck, gem, hoard, knock out, love, mine, precious, spoil, thesaurus, treasure, treasury, wealth), bogãţie (abundance, ampleness, amplitude, bag, copiousness, fortune, luxury, money bag, opulence, plenty, profusion, prosperity, richness, valuables, wealth), belşug (abundance, affluence, amplitude, copiousness, exuberance, exuberancy, flow, galore, luxuriance, opulence, plenty, profusion, store, thriving, wealth), avuţie (mammon, wealth), agonisealã (acquisition, earnings, fortune, profit, savings), abundenţã (abundance, ampleness, array, diffuseness, exuberance, exuberancy, flow, luxuriance, opulence, plenty, profusion, redundance, redundancy, richness, rifeness). (various references) богатство (abundance, affluence, deep pocket, exuberance, exuberancy, fleshpot, fortune, luxuriance, mammon, money, moneybags, oof, opulence, pelf, pregnancy, richness, wealth, wealthiness). (various references) sàibhreas (affluence, opulence), ionmhas (treasure). (various references) bogatstvo (affluence, fortune, moneybags, opulence, pelf, resource, richness, weal, wealth), bogataši (jet set). (various references) riqueza (abundance, affluence, ennoblement, love, mammon, money, moneybag, richness, wealth). (various references) rikedom (abundance, affluence, luxuriance, mammon, opulence, richness, variety, wealth, wealthiness). (various references) ความร่ำรวย. (various references) zenginlik (abundance, affluence, circumstance, circumstances, fortune, opulence, prosperity, richness, substance, substantiality, wealth), servet (abundance, affluence, assets, effects, fortune, gold, havings, means, pile, possessions, property, shekels, substance, treasure, wealth), hazine (coffer, coffers, exchequer, repertory, revenue, store, storehouse, stores, thesaurus, treasure, treasure house, treasury, trove). (various references) багатство (affluence, bag, capital, fortune, mammon, means, moneybag, oof, opulence, pocket, profusion, purse, richness, the dollars, thrift, wad, weal, wealth). (various references) golud (wealth), cyfoeth (power, wealth). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | abundantia, abundantiae, abundantiam, aura, aure, auri, auris, auro, aurum, divitiae, divitiae divitie, divitiarum, divitias, divitiis, opes, opulentia. (various references) |
| Avestan | 200-600 | âyapta, gaonem. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Proverbs Chapter 8, Verse 18 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | PloutoV kai doxa emoi uparcei kai kthsiV pollwn kai dikaiosunh |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Mecum sunt divitiae et gloria opes superbae et iustitia |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | With me ben richessis, and glorie; and proud plenteuousnessis, and riytwisnesse. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Riches and honour are with me; yea, durable riches and righteousness. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | Riches and honor are with me; durable riches and righteousness. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Wealth and honour are in my hands, even wealth without equal and righteousness. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Proverbs Chapter 8, Verse 18 |
| Cebuano | Mga bahandi ug kadungganan maoy ania kanako; Oo, ang katigayonan nga molungtad ug ang pagkamatarung |
| Croatian | U mene je bogatstvo i slava, postojano dobro i pravednost. |
| Danish | Hos mig er der Rigdom og Ære, ældgammelt Gods og Retfærd. |
| Dutch | Rijkdom en eer is bij Mij, duurachtig goed en gerechtigheid. |
| Finnish | Minun tykönäni on rikkaus ja kunnia, ikivanha varallisuus ja vanhurskaus. |
| French | Avec moi sont la richesse et la gloire, Les biens durables et la justice. |
| German | Reichtum und Ehre ist bei mir, währendes Gut und Gerechtigkeit. |
| Haitian Creole | Mwen bay richès, mwen bay pouvwa. Mwen bay byen k'ap la pou lontan, mwen fè tout bagay byen. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Padaku tersedia kekayaan juga kehormatan dan kemakmuran. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Kekayaan dan kemuliaan adalah dengan aku, dan lagi harta benda yang indah-indah, yang diperoleh dengan patut. |
| Italian | Presso di me c'è ricchezza e onore, sicuro benessere ed equità. |
| Maori | He taonga, he kororia kei ahau; ae ra, he rawa mau tonu, he tika. |
| Norwegian | Hos mig er rikdom og ære, gammelt arvegods og rettferdighet. |
| Portuguese | Riquezas e honra estão comigo; sim, riquezas duráveis e justiça. |
| Rumanian | Cu mine este bogqyia wi slava, avuyiile trainice wi dreptatea. |
| Russian | ВПЗБФУФЧП Й УМБЧБ Х НЕОС, УПЛТПЧЙЭЕ ОЕРПЗЙВБАЭЕЕ Й РТБЧДБ; |
| Spanish | Conmigo están las riquezas y la honra, los bienes duraderos y la justicia. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "riches": richest. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "riches": enriches, ostriches, tovariches. (additional references) | |
| |
"Riches" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Arichis, diches, frisches, Gracchus, grinches, irisches, rache, Recchia, rechase, Reches, rechts, Reiche, Reichek, reiches, Ribhi, riceos, rices, riched, richers, Richesse, richet, Richi, Richisau, Rikos, Rinchik, rishis, Ritche, ritchies, ritchs, rochem, Rochers, roches, Rochet, rochets, Rochus, ryche, rychess, rykes, Trichet, wiches. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "riches" (pronounced ri"khuz) |
| 5 | r i" kh u z | britches, enriches. |
| 4 | -i" kh u z | bitches, ditches, glitches, hitches, itches, niches, pitches, stitches, switches, twitches, witches. |
| 3 | -kh u z | approaches, arches, attaches, avalanches, batches, beaches, benches, boches, branches, breaches, broaches, brunches, bunches, catches, churches, clenches, clinches, clutches, coaches, cockroaches, couches, crunches, crutches, detaches, dispatches, encroaches, entrenches, etches, fetches, finches, goldfinches, hatches, hunches, impeaches, inches, latches, launches, leaches, leeches, lunches, lurches, marches, matches, mismatches, mulches, notches, ostriches, overreaches, patches, peaches, perches, pooches, porches, pouches, preaches, punches, ranches, reaches, researches, roaches, sandwiches, scotches, scratches, screeches, searches, sketches, slouches, snatches, speeches, starches, stopwatches, stretches, swatches, teaches, thatches, torches, touches, trenches, watches, wenches, wrenches, wristwatches. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "c-e-h-i-r-s" | |
-1 letter: cires, cries, heirs, hires, rices, shier, shire. | |
-2 letters: chis, cire, cris, heir, hers, hies, hire, ices, ichs, ires, recs, reis, resh, rice, rich, rise, shri, sice, sire. | |
-3 letters: chi, cis, ers, her, hes, hic, hie, his, ice, ich, ire, rec, rei, res, sec, sei, ser, she, sic, sir, sri. | |
-4 letters: eh, er, es, he. | |
| Words containing the letters "c-e-h-i-r-s" | |
+1 letter: birches, cahiers, cashier, ceriphs, cherish, chiders, chimers, chirres, ciphers, cithers, coheirs, cushier, herdics, heroics, richens, richest, scherzi, shicker, spheric. | |
+2 letters: archaise, archines, archives, aspheric, besmirch, brioches, britches, cashiers, ceorlish, chariest, charlies, cheerios, cheesier, cherries, chervils, chestier, chiggers, chillers, chimeras, chimeres, chippers, chirkest, chirpers, chiseler, chitters, choosier, chorines, christen, christie, citherns, cithrens, clerkish, ditchers, enriches, eucharis, filchers, grinches, heretics, hitchers, hysteric, inarches, isochore, kirsches, marchesi, orchises, parchesi, pinchers, pinscher, pitchers, rachides, rachises, restitch, richness, schiller, schizier, schliere, seraphic, shickers, smirched, smirches, snitcher, spherics, stitcher, switcher, theriacs, whickers, winchers. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)52 69 63 68 65 73 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references).-. .. -.-. .... . ... |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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| Amazon.com BOOKS: Search for: "riches" |
