Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Pregnancy |
PregnancyNoun1. The state of being pregnant; the period from conception to birth when a woman carries a developing fetus in her uterus. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "pregnancy" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1380. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Dream Interpretation | For a woman to dream that she is pregnant, denotes she will be unhappy with her husband, and her children will be unattractive. For a virgin, this dream omens scandal and adversity. If a woman is really pregnant and has this dream, it prognosticates a safe delivery and swift recovery of strength. Source: Ten Thousand Dreams Interpreted .... |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Pregnancy is the process by which a mammalian female carries a live offspring from conception until it develops to the point where the offspring is capable of living outside the womb. It starts from the fertilization of an embryo (conception) to form a zygote, and ends in birth, miscarriage or abortion.
In humans, pregnancy takes approximately 40 weeks between the time of the last menstrual cycle and delivery. It is divided into three trimesters of three months duration each. The first trimester carries the highest risk of miscarriage, the unintentional abortion of a fetus. It is often a result of defects in the fetus, its parent, or damage caused after conception.
The first step of pregnancy usually begins with sexual intercourse where male gametes or sperm are deposited into the vagina. The semen produced by the male contains not only sperm cells but also sugars, proteins and other substances to help keep the sperm viable. Human sperm generally survive for about 48 hours in the female body. Sperm have a long flagellum, which they use to swim; they are the only human cells with this property. These cells are haploid, having divided by meiosis from germ cells in the testes and possessing only one half of the chromosomes of ordinary body cells. Typically, between 100 million and 300 million sperm are released in one ejaculation.
Ova, or oocytes, are the haploid female egg cells, and their role is to fuse with one sperm cell to form a fertilized zygote which will then grow in the uterus to form a developing fetus. These cells are produced by meiosis in the ovaries and stay in a state of suspended animation until activated by hormonal changes in the woman's menstrual cycle. Typically, only one ovum is released during each menstrual cycle.
At ovulation, the fimbriae at the end of the fallopian tube move over the ovary to catch the released ovum. If fertilization takes place, the sperm usually meet the ovum in the fallopian tube, requiring the sperm cells to swim from the upper vagina through the cervix and across the length of the uterus before reaching the fallopian tube—a considerable distance compared to the size of the sperm cell.
Once there, the successful sperm swim towards the ovum and each attempts to fertilize it. Each sperm cell contains a small pouch of enzymes that it uses to break through the outer layer of the ovum in order to fuse with it. This can take up to twenty minutes. Once the ovum fuses with a single sperm cell, its cell membrane changes, preventing fusion with other sperm. The fusion of the ovum's and sperm's nuclei to form a diploid cell completes the first stage of pregnancy.
Alternative methods of fertilization, including artificial insemination and in vitro fertilization, are sometimes used in cases of infertility and by single women and lesbian couples.
(see also Trimester)
Pregnancy tests detect the presence of human chorionic gonadotropin.
Approximately 18 days after fertilization, the embryo has divided to form much of the tissue it will need. It is shaped like a pear, where the head region is larger than the tail. The embryo's nervous system is one of the first organs to grow. It begins growing in a concave area known as the neural groove.
The blood system continues to grow networks which allow the blood to flow around the embryo. Blood cells are already being produced and are flowing through these developing networks. Secondary blood vessels also begin to develop around the placenta, to supply it with more nutrients. Blood cells will begin to form on the sac in the center of the embryo, as well as cells which will begin to differentiate into blood vessels. Endocardial cells begin to form the musculature which will become the heart.
At about 24 days past fertilization, there is a primitive S-shaped tubule heart which begins beating. The flow of fluids throughout the embryo will begin at this stage.
Fertilization
Development
Pre-implantation
At this point, there exists a single totipotent cell with the potential to create an entire human being. Mitotic cell division is the next process to occur, where each cell doubles to produce another diploid cell. The zygote divides to produce two smaller cells, called blastomeres, roughly every 20 hours. These cells get progressively smaller until about 4 divisions have taken place resulting in 16 individual cells. This cluster of 16 cells, called a morula, leaves the fallopian tube and makes its way to the uterus.Ectopic pregnancy
Occasionally, the developing zygote will implant somewhere other than the uterus; this is called ectopic pregnancy. The most common location for ectopic pregnancies is in a fallopian tube, but they can arise in any tissue that the fertilized zygote can reach (essentially anywhere within the abdomen).
Since only the uterus is suited to the development of the embryo, ectopic pregnancy usually results in complications when the developing embryo grows too big for the blood supply of the ectopic location to sustain it any more. When this happens, the ectopic pregnancy is at risk of rupture, potentially resulting in serious blood loss. An ectopic pregnancy can thus be a life-threatening condition.Post-implantation
A blastocele is a small cavity on the center of the cells, and the developing cells will grow around this. There will be a flat layer of cells on the exterior of this cavity, and the zona pellucida will remain the same size as before. Cells are growing increasingly smaller to fit in. This new structure with a cavity in the center and the developing cells around it is known as a blastocyst.
The presence of the blastocyst means that two types of cells are forming, inner cell mass growing on the interior of the blastocele and cells growing on the exterior of it. In 24 to 48 hours, the blastocyst's barrier, the zona pellucida breaches. The cells on the exterior of the blastocyst begin excreting an enzyme which erodes epithelial uterine lining and creates a site for implantation.
The blastocyst also secretes a hormone called human chorionic gonadotropin which in turn, stimulates the corpus luteum in the mother's ovary to continue producing progesterone, which acts to maintain the lining of the uterus so that the embryo will continue to be nourished. The glands in the lining of the uterus will swell in response to the blastocyst, and capillaries will be stimulated to grow in that region. This allows the blastocyst to receive vital nutrients from the mother.Placental Circulation System
The cells surrounding the blastocyst now destroy cells in the uterine lining, forming small pools of blood which in turn stimulates the production of capillaries. This is the first stage in the growth of the placenta. The inner cell mass of the blastocyst divides rapidly, forming two layers. The top layer will become the embryo and cells from there will be used in the amniotic cavity. At the same time, the bottom layer will form a small sac. (If the cells begin developing in an abnormal position, an ectopic pregnancy may also occur at this point.)
Several days later, chorionic villi in the forming placenta anchor the implantation site to the uterus. A system of blood and blood vessels now develops at the point of the newly forming placenta, growing near the implantation site. The small sac inside the blastocyst begins producing red blood cells. For the next 24 hours, connective tissue will develop between the developing placenta and the growing fetus. This will later develop into the umbilical cord.Cellular Differentiation
Following this, a narrow line of cells appears on the surface on the embryo. Its growth shows the fetus will undergo gastrulation, in which the three layers of the fetus, the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm, will develop. The narrow line of cells begin to form the audoderm and mesoderm. The ectoderm begins to grow rapidly as a result of chemicals being produced by the mesoderm. These three layers will give rise to all the various types of tissue in the body.
The endoderm will later form the lining of the tongue, digestive tract, lungs, bladder and several glands. The mesoderm will form muscle, bone and lymph tissue, as well as the interior of the lungs, heart, reproductive and excretory systems. It will also give rise to the spleen, and will be used in the production of blood cells. The ectoderm will form the skin, nails, hair, cornea, lining of the internal and external ear, nose, sinuses, mouth, anus, teeth, pituitary gland, mammary glands, and all parts of the nervous system.Organ Development
Delivery
See also:
For topics following on from a successful pregnancy and birth, see:
External link
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Pregnancy."
Synonym: PregnancySynonym: gestation (n). (additional references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | I was at work and on my break and I took one of those home pregnancy tests from aisle eleven. (City Slickers; writing credit: Lowell Ganz and Babaloo Mandel, and Billy Crystal) Name a month in which a woman's pregnancy begins to show. (Family Feud; writing credit: David Nobbs) I didn't take a pregnancy test. (Friends; writing credit: Jörn O. Jensen; Birger Larsen) Phoebe found your pregnancy test in the trash. (Friends; writing credit: Jörn O. Jensen; Birger Larsen) I just did a home pregnancy test- it's right here. (The Golden Girls; writing credit: Philip Broadley; Gabriel Castro) | |
Clever | WARNING: The consumption of alcohol may cause pregnancy. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | I'm Pregnant Too! A Pregnancy Guide for Men Honey (1999) Yoga Zone: Postures for Pregnancy (1998) Birth and Recovery Workout Pregnancy (1983) Lucy: A Teenage Pregnancy (1980) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Women who acquire genital herpes during pregnancy can transmit the virus to their babies. Untreated Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) infections in newborns can result in mental retardation and death. Credit: CDC. |  | Untreated, chlamydia can cause severe, costly reproductive and other health problems including both short- and long-term consequences, i.e. pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), infertility, and potentially fatal tubal pregnancy. Credit: CDC. |
 | This patient with congenital syphilis is exhibiting sabre shins or osteoperiostitis of the tibia. In 1998, 81.3% of reported cases of CS occurred because the mother received no penicillin treatment or inadequate treatment before or during pregnancy. Credit: CDC. |  | General view of the child at the end of pregnancy. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |
 | Women who smoke during pregnancy place their unborn child at risk. / WHO/American Cancer Society photo. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |  | Good News For Women: The third leading known cause of birth defects can be prevented. : Alcohol & Pregnancy Don't Mix. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |
 | Because You Love Your Baby... : Quit Smoking During Pregnancy / American Lung Association. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |  | Avoid Unwanted Pregnancy USE A CONDOM : Take control of life before life controls you. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |
 | What Can You Do To Be A Healthy Mother And Have A Healthy Baby? : Remember, During Your Pregnancy Your Baby's Health Depends On You. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |  | Love Yourself, Love Your Baby : Get early pregnancy care. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Friedrich Nietzsche | Everything in woman hath a solution. It is called pregnancy. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Roe v. Wade | 1973 | Contrary to appellee's contention, the natural termination of Roe's pregnancy did not moot her suit. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | They were terribly excited about the pregnancy. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Infections during pregnancy. (references) | |
Nutrition for Your Pregnancy. (references) | ||
Saccharin is not advised during pregnancy. (references) | ||
Business | During an unauthorized pregnancy, a woman is often visited by family planning agents and pressured to terminate the pregnancy. (references) | |
The rapid growth of patient self-testing is expected to continue, providing opportunities for manufacturers of OTC tests, especially pregnancy and fertility tests. (references) | ||
Evernew Biotech Inc., with paid-up capital of NTD 165 million, was established in June 1985 for the production of diagnostic EIA kits for hepatitis B and pregnancy tests. (references) | ||
Children | Botswana | Intergenerational sex (sexual relations between older men and girls) and the problems of teenage pregnancy caused by older men received extensive media attention during the year. (references) |
Cape Verde | The Government also seeks to reduce infant mortality and disease, combat drug and alcohol abuse, and discourage teenage pregnancy; however, progress continued to be slow. (references) | |
Cape Verde | The decision, which was intended to protect mother and child and to discourage early pregnancy, was very controversial. (references) | |
Discrimination | Hong Kong | There were also 142 complaints of pregnancy discrimination, 99 of sexual harassment and 17 of marital status discrimination. (references) |
Hong Kong | Three pieces of antidiscrimination legislation--the Sex Discrimination Ordinance, the Disability Discrimination Ordinance, and the Family Status Discrimination Ordinance--have made it illegal for any person or entity (public or private) to discriminate against anyone on the grounds of sex, marital status, pregnancy, disability, or family status, and prohibits behavior such as sexual harassment, harassment or vilification on the grounds of disability, and discriminatory advertising. (references) | |
South Africa | The Constitution prohibits discrimination on the grounds of race, religion, disability, ethnic or social origin, color, age, culture, language, sex, pregnancy, or marital status. (references) | |
Economic History | Norway | Norway's health system includes free hospital care, physician's compensation, cash benefits during illness and pregnancy, and other medical and dental plans. (references) |
Human Rights | Nigeria | In September in Sokoto, Safiya Hussaini was convicted of adultery by a local Shari'a court, which found her pregnancy to be proof of adultery; she was not married at the time of the pregnancy. (references) |
Cameroon | Gendarmes tortured Apah for days to force him to accept responsibility for the pregnancy. (references) | |
Women | Brazil | A 1995 law prohibits employers from requiring applicants or employees to take pregnancy tests or present sterilization certificates. (references) |
Chile | Employers do not have the right to ask women to take pregnancy tests prior to hiring them, although the La Morada Corporation for Women has received reports that the practice continues in some companies. (references) | |
Andorra | The law prohibits discrimination against women, privately or professionally; however, the AAW reported that in practice, there have been many cases of women dismissed from employment due to pregnancy. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Taiwan | In 2000 the CLA ended the practice of requiring foreign female workers to undergo pregnancy tests. (references) |
India | In August another inmate tested positive for pregnancy, and it was discovered that the janitor was the inmates' baby's father. (references) | |
El Salvador | The Labor Code prohibits pregnant women from engaging in strenuous physical exertion at the workplace after the 4th month of pregnancy. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Celine Dion | Well, I didn't need it. I did it a lot. And my family and friends and Rene and the pregnancy fulfilled me with so much love and things that I didn't even have a second to think about it. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | The crime rate, the welfare and food stamp rolls, the poverty rate and the teen pregnancy rate are all down. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Pregnancy" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.80% of the time. "Pregnancy" is used about 1,524 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.8% | 1,521 | 5,373 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.13% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Noun (common) | 0.07% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 1,524 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "pregnancy": abdominal pregnancy ♦ advanced in pregnancy ♦ advanced stage of pregnancy ♦ ectopic pregnancy ♦ entopic pregnancy ♦ extrauterine pregnancy ♦ false pregnancy ♦ imaginary pregnancy ♦ interruption of pregnancy ♦ mask of pregnancy ♦ molar pregnancy ♦ ovarian pregnancy ♦ phantom pregnancy ♦ pregnancy complication ♦ Pregnancy Complications ♦ Pregnancy in Adolescence ♦ Pregnancy in Diabetics ♦ Pregnancy Maintenance ♦ Pregnancy Outcome ♦ Pregnancy Proteins ♦ Pregnancy Rate ♦ pregnancy test ♦ Pregnancy Tests ♦ Pregnancy Toxemias ♦ Pregnancy Trimesters ♦ Pregnancy Zone Proteins ♦ signs of pregnancy ♦ teen pregnancy ♦ terminate pregnancy ♦ termination of pregnancy ♦ toxaemia of pregnancy ♦ toxemia of pregnancy ♦ tubal pregnancy. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "pregnancy": Pregnancy-Associated, Pregnancy-Associated alpha-Plasma Protein, Pregnancy-Associated beta-Plasma Protein, pregnancy-related, Pregnancy-Specific, Pregnancy-Specific beta 1-Glycoprotein. | |
Ending with "pregnancy": inter-pregnancy, non-pregnancy, pre-pregnancy, pseudo-pregnancy. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
pregnancy | 41,470 | early pregnancy test | 526 |
pregnancy calendar | 7,359 | pregnancy question | 424 |
pregnancy symptom | 7,228 | tubal pregnancy | 410 |
sign of pregnancy | 4,887 | pregnancy exercise | 388 |
early symptom of pregnancy | 3,224 | early pregnancy | 380 |
pregnancy test | 2,627 | cat pregnancy | 365 |
week by week pregnancy | 2,337 | pregnancy sign symptom | 364 |
teen pregnancy | 2,251 | first sign of pregnancy | 352 |
early sign of pregnancy | 1,663 | dog pregnancy | 341 |
pregnancy photo | 1,369 | pregnancy information | 328 |
stage of pregnancy | 1,248 | pregnancy diet | 304 |
pregnancy calculator | 1,171 | online pregnancy test | 296 |
fit pregnancy | 1,064 | chinese pregnancy calendar | 288 |
pregnancy pic | 856 | molar pregnancy | 282 |
ectopic pregnancy | 800 | pregnancy info | 282 |
pregnancy picture | 751 | pregnancy and sex | 265 |
teenage pregnancy | 729 | pregnancy due date calculator | 262 |
pregnancy twin | 704 | first trimester pregnancy | 260 |
pregnancy due date | 675 | bleeding during pregnancy | 256 |
home pregnancy test | 605 | pregnancy weight gain | 251 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "pregnancy"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | pasuri (asset, fleshpot, fortune, independence, mammon, mean, moneybags, opulence, ownership, pelf, resource, riches, richness, wealth), thellësi (bowels, deepness, depth, distance, intensity, profoundness), shtatzënësi (gestation), kohë e barrës, barrë (burden, cart load, encumbrance, fardel, haul, jag, load, onus, pannier, tax). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | فترة الحمل, مرحلة الحمل (gestation), حمل (bear, bearing, burden, carriage, carry, carry on, charge, conception, deck, hold, hump, knock up, lade, lamb, lifting, load, portage, take, tote, yeanling), حبل (bond, cord, fall, inseminate, rope, tether, twist), الحمل. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | съдържателност (meatiness, sapidity), бременност (gestation), богатство (abundance, affluence, fortune, mammon, means, moneybags, opulence, pelf, purse, riches, richness, shekels, substance), пълнота (amplitude, completeness, completion, corpulence, embonpoint, entirety, fat, fatness, fleshiness, fullness, fulness, integrality, plenitude, plenum, portliness, rotundity, stoutness, thoroughness, volume, wholeness), плодовитост (fecundity, fertility, productiveness, productivity, prolificacy). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 身子 (body), 身 (body, life, person, status, suit, torso), 怀孕 (impregnate, impregnated, Impregnating, Pregnant). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | tìhotenství (gestation), gravidita, březost (gestation). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | kyesis (cyesis), graviditet (cyesis, gestation), draegtighed (gestation), cyesis (cyesis). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | zwangerschap (gestation), drachtigheid (gestation), dracht (costume, outfit, suit), cyesis (cyesis). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farsi | ابستنی (Gestation), بارداری (Expectancy, Gestation). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | tiineys (gestation). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | gestation, grossesse. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | schwangerschaft (gestation), Trächtigkeit (gestation). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | εγκυμοσύνη (gestation), κύηση, κυοφορία (gestation). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | ע"וי (conception), "ריון (gestation). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | terhesség (child bearing, childbearing, gestation, onerousness), tartalmasság, horderő (effective range, import, purport). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indonesian | kehamilan. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | gravidanza (childbearing, gestation, gravidity), gestazione (gestation). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 妊 (conception). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | おめでたい (auspicious event, happy event, matter for congratulation), に"し" (conception), かいたい (absconding with money, becoming pregnant, conception, dismantling, laziness, negligence, regression), かいに" (conception, dismissal), はいたい (being defeated, being eliminated, decadence, decay, germination). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 임 (impregnation, Pregnant). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | torraghys (child-bearing). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | egnancypray gravidez (child-bearing, gravidity). (various references) productivitate (capaciousness, capacity, output, power, productiveness, productivity, rating, yield), semnificaţie (amount, gut, importance, meaning, noteworthiness, sense, significance, signification, value), sarcinã (assignment, burden, capacity, charge, faggot, gestation, load, lot, mission, obligation, onus, pack, part, quantity, target, task, trouble, weight), graviditate (child bearing), gestaţie (gestation), fertilitate (fatness, fecundity, fertility, productiveness, richness), adâncime (abyss, bottom, deep, deepness, depth, height, horizon, profound, profoundness, profundity, wisdom). (various references) беременность (gestation). (various references) plodnost (fecundity, fertility, fruitfulness, prolificacy), trudnoća. (various references) embarazo (embarrassment), preñez (gestation). (various references) havandeskap, dräktighet (burden, gestation, tonnage). (various references) hamilelik (gravidity), gebelik (gravidity), gebe olma, anlam içerme. (various references) agralmak (grow heavy, weighten). (various references) череватість, тільність, кмітливість (acumen, acuteness, apprehension, aptitude, aptness, brightness, gumption, headpiece, intelligence, nimbleness, nous, prehension, quick wits, quickness, sagacity, savvy, sharpness, understanding), вагітність (gestation), важливість (account, amount, concern, consequence, earnest, gravity, import, importance, magnitude, moment, notability, seriousness, significance, significancy), змістовність (pithiness, sapidity), жеребність. (various references) sự d"i d o (affluence, amplitude, bounteousness, copiousness, galore, plenteousness, plenty, profuseness, profusion), sự có thai, sự có mang thai, sự có chửa sự phong phú. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | conceptiones. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words ending with "pregnancy": pseudopregnancy. (additional references) | |
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"Pregnancy" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: pgregnancy, Pragnance, pregancy, pregenancy, pregnacy, pregnance, Pregnence, regnancy. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "pregnancy" (pronounced pre"gnunsē) |
| 6 | -g n u n s ē | malignancy. |
| 5 | -n u n s ē | tenancy. |
| 4 | -u n s ē | absorbency, accountancy, agency, ascendancy, ascendency, buoyancy, clemency, cogency, competency, complacency, Conservancy, consistency, constancy, constituency, consultancy, contingency, counterinsurgency, currency, decency, deficiency, delinquency, dependency, despondency, discrepancy, dormancy, efficiency, emergency, equivalency, excellency, exigency, expectancy, expediency, fluency, frequency, hesitancy, immunodeficiency, incompetency, inconsistency, inconstancy, incumbency, indecency, inefficiency, infancy, infrequency, insolvency, insurgency, interagency, irrelevancy, latency, leniency, militancy, nonemergency, occupancy, poignancy, potency, presidency, proficiency, redundancy, regency, relevancy, residency, resiliency, solvency, stridency, stringency, sufficiency, tendency, transparency, truancy, urgency, vacancy, vagrancy, vibrancy. |
| 3 | -n s ē | bouncy, chancy, deviancy, fancy, fiancee, mincy, Nancy, necromancy, teensy. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-c-e-g-n-n-p-r-y" | |
-1 letter: regnancy. | |
-2 letters: cannery. | |
-3 letters: agency, anergy, canner, carney, cranny, granny, grapey, napery, pangen, penang, prance. | |
-4 letters: anger, angry, apery, arpen, cager, cagey, caner, canny, caper, carny, crane, crape, crepy, gaper, gayer, grace, grape, grapy, nacre, nance, nancy, pacer, pager, panne, parge, payer, pecan, penna, penny, prang, pyran, rance, range, rangy, recap, regna, repay, yager. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-c-e-g-n-n-p-r-y" | |
+1 letter: repugnancy. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)50 72 65 67 6E 61 6E 63 79 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references).--. .-. . --. -. .- -. -.-. -.--. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01010000 01110010 01100101 01100111 01101110 01100001 01101110 01100011 01111001 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)P r e g n a n c y |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0050 0072 0065 0067 006E 0061 006E 0063 0079 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)508471738067806991 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Quotations: Familiar | 9. Quotations: Historic 10. Quotations: Fiction 11. Quotations: Non-fiction 12. Quotations: Spoken | 13. Quotations: Speeches 14. Usage Frequency 15. Expressions 16. Expressions: Internet | 17. Translations: Modern 18. Translations: Ancient 19. Derivations 20. Rhymes | 21. Anagrams 22. Orthography 23. Bibliography |
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