Judas Iscariot

In the Eastern Orthodox hymns of Holy Wednesday (the Wednesday before Pascha), Judas is contrasted with the prostitute who anointed Jesus with expensive perfume and washed his feet with her tears. According to the Gospels, Judas protested at this apparent extravagance, suggesting that the money spent on it should have been given to the poor, though his real concern was that he had not been able to embezzle it. After this, Judas went to the chief priests and offered to betray Jesus for money. The hymns of Holy Wednesday contrast these two figures, encouraging believers to avoid the example of the fallen disciple and instead to imitate the prostitute's example of repentance. Also, Wednesday is observed as a day of fasting from meat, dairy products, and olive oil throughout the year in memory of the betrayal of Judas. The prayers of preparation for receiving the Eucharist also make mention of Judas' betrayal: "I will not reveal your mysteries to your enemies, neither like Judas will I betray you with a kiss, but like the thief on the cross I will confess you."

Judas and Anti-Semitism

Some scholars of the New Testament suggest that the name "Judas" was intended as an attack on the Judaeans or on the Judaean religious establishment held responsible for executing Christ. The English word "Jew" is derived from the Latin Judaeus, which, like the Greek Ιουδαιος (Ioudaios), could also mean "Judaean". In the Gospel of John, the original writer or a later editor may tried to draw a parallel between Judas, Judaea, and the Judaeans (or Jews) in verses 6:70-7:1, which run like this in the King James Bible:

6:70 Jesus answered them, Have not I chosen you twelve, and one of you is a devil? 6:71 He spake of Judas Iscariot the son of Simon: for he it was that should betray him, being one of the twelve. 7:1 After these things Jesus walked in Galilee: for he would not walk in Jewry, because the Jews sought to kill him.

In Greek, the earliest extant language of the Gospels, the words Judas -- Jewry -- Jews run like this: Ιουδας (Ioudas) -- Ιουδαια (Ioudaia) -- Ιουδαιοι (Ioudaioi). In Latin, the language of the Catholic Vulgate Bible, they run Judas -- Judaea -- Judaei. Whatever the original intentions of the original writers or editors of the Gospel of John, however, there is little doubt that the similarity between the name "Judas" and the words for "Jew" in various European languages has contributed powerfully to anti-Semitism. In German the same words run Judas -- Judäa -- Jud; in Spanish Judas -- Judea -- judío; and in French Judas -- Judée -- juif. Judas was said to have red hair, which was proverbially called "Judas-colored", and the ancient stereotype of Jews was that they had red hair too: in Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice the Jewish money-lender Shylock is said to have been portrayed with red hair on the Elizabethan stage. Judas's betrayal of Christ for money was also seen as a typical piece of Jewish venality and avarice.

Judas in Art and Literature

Judas has become the archetype of the betrayer in Western culture. In Dante's Inferno, he is condemned to the lowest circle of Hell, where he is one of three sinners deemed evil enough that they are doomed to be chewed for eternity in the mouths of the triple-headed Satan. (The others are Brutus and Cassius, who conspired against and assassinated Julius Caesar.)

Some modern works such as Jesus Christ Superstar, The Greatest Story Ever Told and The Last Temptation of Christ also highlight the role of Judas in the Gospel story.

The term Judas itself has become interchangable with the word traitor (see quisling).

External links

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Judas Iscariot."

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Crosswords: Judas Iscariot

English words defined with "Judas Iscariot": Judas-colored ♦ Spy Wednesday. (references)

Specialty definitions using "Judas Iscariot": Apostles, Arbor Judæ ♦ Iscariot ♦ Kerioth ♦ Son of Perdition, Symbols of Saints. (references)

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Modern Usage: Judas Iscariot

Domain	Usage
Screenplays	I'm gonna kill you, Judas Iscariot Hogwallop! (O Brother, Where Art Thou?; writing credit: Ethan Coen)
Clever	To my mind Judas Iscariot was nothing but a low, mean, premature Congressman. (references; author: Mark Twain)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Commercial Usage: Judas Iscariot

Domain	Title
Books	Classic Sermons on Judas Iscariot (Kregel Classic Sermons Series) (reference) Inspired by the Devil: Part 1 - The Gospel According to Judas Iscariot (reference) Judas Iscariot and the Myth of Jewish Evil (reference) Judas: A Biographical Novel of the Life of Judas Iscariot (reference) The Contemplations of Judas Iscariot (reference) (more book examples)

Music	Judas Iscariot (reference) (more classical music examples; more popular music examples)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Judas Iscariot

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.

Expression	Frequency per Day
judas iscariot	74
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Bible Trace: Judas Iscariot

Language	Date	Source	John Chapter 13, Verse 2
Greek (transliterated)	250 BC	Septuagint	Kai deipnou genomenou tou diabolou hdh beblhkotoV eiV thn kardian iouda simwnoV iskariwtou ina auton paradw
Latin	405	Vulgate	Et cena facta cum diabolus iam misisset in corde ut traderet eum Iudas Simonis Scariotis
Old English	990	West Saxon	Ænd þa. drihtnes þening wæs ge-macod.þa for se deofol on iudases heortascariothes. þæt he hyne be-læwde.
Middle English	1395	Wyclif	And whanne the souper was maad, whanne the deuel hadde put than in to the herte, that Judas of Symount Scarioth schulde bitraye hym,
Renaissance English	1526	Tyndale	And when supper was ended after that the devyll had put in the hert of Iudas Iscariot Simos sonne to betraye him:
Jacobean English	1611	King James	And supper being ended, the devil having now put into the heart of Judas Iscariot, Simon's son, to betray him;
Victorian English	1833	Webster	And supper being ended (the devil having now put into the heart of Judas Iscariot, Simon's son, to betray him;)
Basic English	1964	Ogden	So while a meal was going on, the Evil One having now put it into the heart of Judas Iscariot, Simon's son, to be false to him,
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Matched Bible Translations: Judas Iscariot

Language	John Chapter 13, Verse 2
Cebuano	Ug samtang nanihapon sila, sa diha nga ang pagbudhi kaniya gikapasulod na sa yawa diha sa kasingkasing ni Judas Iscariote, nga anak ni Simon,
Croatian	I za veèerom je ðavao veæ bio ubacio u srce Judi � imuna Iškariotskoga da ga izda.
Danish	Og medens der holdtes Aftensmåltid, da Djævelen allerede havde indskudt i Judas's, Simons Søns, Iskariots Hjerte, at han skulde forråde ham;
Finnish	Ja ehtoollisella oltaessa, kun perkele jo oli pannut Juudas Iskariotin, Simonin pojan, sydämeen, että hän kavaltaisi Jeesuksen,
French	Pendant le souper, lorsque le diable avait déj� inspiré au coeur de Judas Iscariot, fils de Simon, le dessein de le livrer,
German	Und beim Abendessen, da schon der Teufel hatte dem Judas, Simons Sohn, dem Ischariot, ins Herz gegeben, daß er ihn verriete,
Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari	Yesus dan pengikut-pengikut-Nya sedang makan malam. Iblis sudah memasukkan niat di dalam hati Yudas anak Simon Iskariot untuk mengkhianati Yesus.
Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama	Pada ketika perjamuan malam, tatkala Iblis sedia menggerakkan hati Yudas Iskariot, anak Simon itu, akan menyerahkan Yesus,
Italian	Mentre cenavano, quando gia il diavolo aveva messo in cuore a Giuda Iscariota, figlio di Simone, di tradirlo,
Maori	A, i te mutunga o te hapa, kua whakamaharatia noatia ake ano hoki e te rewera te ngakau o Hura Ikariote, tama a Haimona, kia tukua ia;
Norwegian	Og mens de holdt måltid, da djevelen allerede hadde inngitt Judas Iskariot, Simons sønn, i hjertet at han skulde forråde ham,
Portuguese	Enquanto ceavam, tendo já o Diabo posto no coração de Judas, filho de Simão Iscariotes, que o traísse,
Rumanian	Kn timpul cinei, dupq ce diavolul pusese kn inima lui Iuda Iscarioteanul, fiul lui Simon, gkndul sq -L vkndq,
Shuar	Nu tsawantaisha murikiun Yúatin ármiayi. Tura Yurumátin jeatsain, uunt iwianch Semunka Uchirí Jútas Iskariúti Enentáin Jesusan surukat tusa Enentáimtikramiayi.
Swahili	Basi, Yesu na wanafunzi wake walikuwa mezani kwa chakula cha jioni. Ibilisi alikwisha mtia Yuda, mwana wa Simoni Iskarioti, nia ya kumsaliti Yesu.
Swedish	De höllo nu aftonmåltid, och djävulen hade redan ingivit Judas Iskariot, Simons son, i hjärtat att förråda Jesus.
Uma	Yesus pai' ana'guru-na ngkoni' -ra ngkabengia. Magau' Anudaa' mpowara' Yudas ana' Simon Iskariot, mpo'usoki-i mpobalu' Yesus hi bali' -na.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Anagrams: Judas Iscariot

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Words within the letters "a-a-c-d-i-i-j-o-r-s-s-t-u"
	-3 letters: justiciars.
	-4 letters: acidurias, adjustors, auditoria, autacoids, justiciar, sudatoria.
	-5 letters: acidosis, aciduria, adjustor, aoristic, ascarids, auditors, autacoid, carditis, carotids, costards, crusados, custards, diarists, judoists, juristic, sadistic, sarcoids, sarodist, sautoirs, scarious, sciurids, sciuroid, sistroid, surcoats, triacids, triadics.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.