Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Abdication |
AbdicationNoun1. A formal resignation and renunciation of powers. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "abdication" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1754. (references) |
Etymology: Abdication \Ab`di*ca"tion\, noun. [Latin expression abdicatio: compare to the French expression abdication.]. (Websters 1913) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Satire | ABDICATION, n. An act whereby a sovereign attests his sense of the high temperature of the throne. Poor Isabella's Dead, whose abdication Set all tongues wagging in the Spanish nation. For that performance 'twere unfair to scold her: She wisely left a throne too hot to hold her. To History she'll be no royal riddle -- Merely a plain parched pea that jumped the griddle. G.J. Source: Devil's Dictionary. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Probably the most famous abdication in recent memory is that of King Edward VIII of the United Kingdom in 1936, who abdicated the British throne in order to marry American divorceé Wallis Simpson, over the objections of the Church of England and the royal family. (See Abdication crisis of 1936.) This was also the first time in history that the British crown was surrendered entirely voluntarily. Richard II of England, for example, was forced to abdicate after the throne was seized by his cousin, Henry Bolingbroke, while Richard was out of the country.
When James II of England, after throwing the great seal into the Thames, fled to France in 1688, he did not formally resign the crown, and the question was discussed in parliament whether he had forfeited the throne or had abdicated. The latter designation was agreed upon, for in a full assembly of the Lords and Commons, met in convention, it was resolved in spite of James's protest "that King James II having endeavoured to subvert the constitution of the kingdom, by breaking the original contract between king and people, and, by the advice of Jesuits and other wicked persons, having violated the fundamental laws, and having withdrawn himself out of this kingdom, has abdicated the government, and that the throne is thereby vacant." The Scottish parliament pronounced a decree of forfeiture and deposition. Among the most memorable abdications of antiquity may be mentioned that of Sulla the dictator, 79 B.C., and that of the Emperor Diocletian, A.D. 305. The following is a list of the more important abdications:
| Pope Benedict IX | 1048 |
| Stephen II of Hungary | 1131 |
| Albert (the Bear) of Brandenburg | 1169 |
| Ladislaus III of Poland | 1206 |
| Pope Celestine V | Dec. 13, 1294 |
| John Baliol of Scotland | 1296 |
| John Cantacuzene, emperor of the East | 1355 |
| Richard II of England | Sept. 29, 1399 |
| Baldassare Cossa, Antipope John XXIII | 1415 |
| Eric VII of Denmark or Erik XIII of Sweden of Sweden | 1439 |
| Murad II, Ottoman Sultan | 1444 and 1445 |
| Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor | 1556 |
| Christina of Sweden | 1654 |
| Mary Queen of Scots | July 24, 1567 |
| John Casimir of Poland | 1618 |
| James II of England | 1688 |
| Frederick Augustus of Poland | 1704 |
| Philip V of Spain | 1724 |
| Victor Amadeus of Sardinia | 1730 |
| Ahmed III, Sultan of Turkey | 1730 |
| Charles of Naples (on accession to throne of Spain) | 1759 |
| Stanislaus II of Poland | 1795 |
| Charles Emanuel IV of Sardinia | June 4, 1802 |
| Charles IV of Spain | Mar. 19, 1808 |
| Joseph Bonaparte of Naples | June 6, 1808 |
| Gustav IV of Sweden | Mar. 29, 1809 |
| Louis Bonaparte of Holland | July 2, 1810 |
| Napoleon I, French Emperor | April 4, 1814, and June 22, 1815 |
| Victor Emanuel of Sardinia | Mar. 13, 1821 |
| Charles X of France | Aug. 2, 1830 |
| Pedro I of Brazil 1 | April 7, 1831 |
| Miguel of Portugal | May 26, 1834 |
| William I of the Netherlands | Oct. 7, 1840 |
| Louis Philippe, King of the French | Feb. 24, 1848 |
| Louis Charles of Bavaria | Mar. 21, 1848 |
| Ferdinand of Austria | Dec. 2, 1848 |
| Charles Albert of Sardinia | Mar. 23, 1849 |
| Leopold II of Tuscany | July 21, 1859 |
| Isabella II of Spain | June 25, 1870 |
| Amadeus I of Spain | Feb. 11, 1873 |
| Alexander of Bulgaria | Sept. 7, 1886 |
| Milan of Serbia | Mar. 6, 1889 |
| Emperor Xuantong of China | 1911 |
| Edward VIII of the United Kingdom | Dec. 11, 1936 |
| Victor Emmanuel III of Italy | May 9, 1946 |
| Wilhelmina of the Netherlands | 1948 |
| Leopold III, King of the Belgians | July 16, 1951 |
| Juliana of the Netherlands | 1980 |
1 Pedro had succeeded to the throne of Portugal in 1826, but abdicated it at once in favor of his daughter. See also: Lists of incumbents, List of monarchs who lost their thrones or abdicated in the 20th century
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Abdication."
Synonym: AbdicationSynonym: stepping down (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Laxity | Dethronement, deposition, usurpation, abdication. |
Resignation | Noun: resignation, retirement, abdication, renunciation, abjuration; abandonment, relinquishment. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Abdication |
| English words defined with "abdication": Abdicative ♦ Duchess of Windsor, Duke of Windsor ♦ Edward VIII ♦ February Revolution ♦ Mrs. Simpson ♦ Russian Revolution ♦ Simpson ♦ Wallis Warfield Simpson, Wallis Warfield Windsor. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "abdication": Dick's Hatband ♦ White Widow. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Abdication" is also a word in the following language with English translations in parentheses. French (abandonment, abdication). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Movie/TV Titles | The Abdication (1974) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Emily Dickinson | The abdication of belief makes the behavior small -- better an ignis fatuus than no illume at all. |
Ralph Waldo Emerson | Often a certain abdication of prudence and foresight is an element of success. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | This abdication makes him free. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | A revolutionary military uprising on October 10, 1911, led to the abdication of the last Qing monarch. (references) | |
Economic History | The Netherlands | Crown Princess Juliana acceded to the throne in 1948 upon her mother's abdication. (references) |
Thailand | Upon his abdication, King Prajadhipok said that the obligation of a ruler was to reign for the good of the whole people, not for a select few. (references) | |
Political Economy | Luxembourg | Grand Duke Henri has been the head of state since the October 7, 2000 abdication of his father, Jean, who had ruled since 1964. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Abdication" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Abdication" is used about 122 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 100% | 122 | 29,069 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "abdication": abdication of responsibility ♦ abdication of the throne. Additional references. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
the abdication | 5 |
abdication alexander from ii ii nicholas | 3 |
abdication ii nicholas | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "abdication"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaan | aftreding (resignation), afstand (abandonment, distance, give, offset), abdikasie. (various references) | |
Albanian | abdikim (demise, denial, disavowal, disclaimer, disclamation). (various references) | |
Arabic | التنازل. (various references) | |
Chinese | "弃王位. (various references) | |
Czech | zřeknutí se (disclaimer, renouncement), odstoupení (cession, recession, surrender). (various references) | |
Danish | udtrædelse (resignation), udmeldelse (resignation). (various references) | |
Dutch | ontslagneming, ontslagname, afstand (abandon, abandonment, cession, distance, divestiture, following distance, offset, relinquishment, renunciation, surrender, to surrender, vehicular gap). (various references) | |
Esperanto | abdiko. (various references) | |
Finnish | kruunusta luopuminen, hallituksesta luopuminen. (various references) | |
French | abdication (abandonment). (various references) | |
German | Abdankung (resignation), Abdikation. (various references) | |
Greek | παραίτηση από ένα δικαίωμα, παραίτηση από την εξουσία, παραίτηση από το θρόνο, παραίτηση (discontinuance, relinquishment, resignation, resigns, waiver). (various references) | |
Hawaiian | abdikim. (various references) | |
Hungarian | lemondás (abandonment, abnegation, cancellation, cession, demission, disclaimer, regrets, renouncement, renunciation, resignation, self abnegation, surrender, waiver, waiver of a right), feladás (consignment, delation, delivery, despatch, dispatch, getting off, rendition, sending, surrender). (various references) | |
Italian | abdicazione. (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 譲位 , 退位 , "棄 (abandonment, renunciation). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | たいい (captain, physical standard, physique, posture, schema), ほうき (abandonment, age, broom, fragrant scent, outstanding individual, renunciation, resignation, revolt, sweet seventeen, the law, treasured article or vessel, uprising), じょうい (coat, emotion, emperor's wishes, expulsion of the foreigners, feeling, higher order, host computer, jacket, outer garment, superior, tunic, will, will or decree). (various references) | |
Manx | lhiggey voish (abdicate, cede, forgo), irrey ass, cur seose (carry forward, disclaim, drop off, extradite, extradition, fit on, fix, flush, hang, increase, move, pitch, postulate, put up, relinquish, relinquishment, represent, retire, set on fire, surrender), coyrt seose (cession, delivery, retirement, surrender). (various references) | |
Norwegian | frasigelse. (various references) | |
Papiamen | abdikashon. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | abdicationay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | abdicação (abandonment). (various references) | |
Romanian | abdicare (resignation). (various references) | |
Russian | отречение (abjuration, abjuratory, abnegation, demission, disavowal, disclaimer, disclamation, palinode, recantation, renounce, renouncement, renunciation, renunciatory, repudiation, retractation). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | abdikacija, odricanje (abnegation, disavowal, disclaimer, disclamation, negation, negative, relinquishment, renouncement, renunciation, repudiation, waiver). (various references) | |
Spanish | abdicación (abandonment, job, task). (various references) | |
Swedish | avsägelse (renunciation, resignation, retractation). (various references) | |
Turkish | el çekme (renunciation), çekilme (breakaway, cession, contraction, defection, low water, pull off, pull out, reflux, resignation, retirement, walkout, withdrawal). (various references) | |
Ukranian | відмовляння (abnegation, withdrawal), зречення (abjuration, abnegation, demission, denial, repudiation, retraction). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | sự thoái vị, chức vụ (duty, post, spot). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | abdicatio. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "abdication": abdications. (additional references) | |
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"Abdication" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: abdicaton, abdiction, addication, audication. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "abdication" (pronounced a'bdikā"shun) |
| 7 | -d i k ā" sh u n | syndication. |
| 6 | -i k ā" sh u n | clarification, detoxication, detoxification, electrification, fabrication, gentrification, glorification, indemnification, justification, lubrication, misidentification, mummification, publication, simplification, sophistication, specification, telecommunication. |
| 5 | -k ā" sh u n | acidification, adjudication, advocation, allocation, altercation, amplification, application, authentication, avocation, bifurcation, certification, classification, codification, communication, complication, confiscation, convocation, decertification, dedication, deification, demarcation, desiccation, disembarkation, dislocation, disqualification, diversification, domestication, duplication, echolocation, edification, education, embarkation, equivocation, eradication, evocation, excommunication, explication, falsification, fortification, gasification, gratification, identification, implication, indication, intensification, intoxication, invocation, location, magnification, medication, misallocation, misapplication, miscommunication, modification, multiplication, notification, nullification, obfuscation, ossification, pacification, personification, pontification, prefabrication, prognostication, provocation, purification, qualification, quantification, ramification, ratification, reallocation, recertification, reclassification, rectification, rededication, relocation, replication, reunification, revocation, sanctification, saponification, suffocation, unification, vacation, verification, vilification, vindication, vocation. |
| 4 | -ā" sh u n | abbreviation, aberration, abomination, abrogation, acceleration, acclimation, accommodation, accreditation, accumulation, accusation, activation, adaptation, administration, admiration, adoration, adulation, affectation, affiliation, affirmation, agglomeration, aggravation, agitation, alienation, allegation, alleviation, alphabetization, alteration, amalgamation, amelioration, amortization, amputation, animation, annexation, annihilation, annotation, anticipation, antidiscrimination, appellation, appreciation, approbation, appropriation, approximation, arbitration, argumentation, articulation, aspiration, assassination, assimilation, association, augmentation, authorization, automation, aviation, balkanization, calculation, calibration, cancellation, cannibalization, capitalization, capitulation, carnation, castration, categorization, causation, celebration, centralization, cessation, cetacean, characterization, citation, civilization, coagulation, cogeneration, cogitation, cohabitation, collaboration, collectivization, colonization, coloration, colorization, combination, commemoration, commendation, commercialization, communization, compensation, compilation, computation, computerization, concatenation, concentration, conciliation, condemnation, condensation, confabulation, confederation, configuration, confirmation, conflagration, confrontation, conglomeration, congratulation, congregation, conjugation, connotation, consecration, conservation, consideration, consolation, consolidation, constellation, consternation, constipation, consultation, consummation, contamination, contemplation, continuation, conversation, cooperation, coordination, coronation, corporation, correlation, corroboration, creation, cremation, criminalization, crustacean, culmination, cultivation, dalmatian, damnation, decaffeination, decapitation, deceleration, decentralization, declaration, decontamination, decoration, decriminalization, defamation, deflation, deforestation, deformation, degeneration, degradation, dehumanization, dehydration, deinstitutionalization, delegation, deliberation, delineation, demilitarization, demobilization, democratization, demodulation, demonization, demonstration, demoralization, denationalization, denomination, denuclearization, denunciation, depopulation, deportation, depravation, depreciation, depredation, deprivation, deregulation, derivation, desalination, desalinization, desecration, desegregation, designation, desolation, desperation, destabilization, destination, determination, detonation, devaluation, devastation, deviation, dictation, differentiation, dilatation, dilation, discoloration, discontinuation, discrimination, disinclination, disinflation, disinformation, disintegration, disorganization, disorientation, dispensation, disputation, dissemination, dissertation, dissipation, dissociation, distillation, divination, documentation, domination, donation, dramatization, duration, ejaculation, elaboration, elation, elevation, elimination, elongation, emanation, emancipation, emigration, emulation, enumeration, equalization, equitation, escalation, estimation, evacuation, evaluation, evaporation, exacerbation, exaggeration, examination, exasperation, excavation, excitation, exclamation, exfoliation, exhalation, exhilaration, exhortation, exhumation, exoneration, expatriation, expectation, experimentation, expiration, explanation, exploitation, exploration, expropriation, extermination, extrapolation, facilitation, fascination, federation, fermentation, fertilization, fibrillation, figuration, filtration, fixation, flirtation, flotation, fluctuation, fluoridation, foliation, formation, formulation, foundation, fragmentation, frustration, fumigation, gastrulation, generalization, generation, germination, gestation, glaciation, globalization, gradation, graduation, granulation, gravitation, gyration, habitation, hallucination, harmonization, hesitation, hibernation, hospitalization, humiliation, hybridization, hydration, hydrogenation, hyperinflation, illumination, illustration, imagination, imitation, immigration, immunization, impersonation, implantation, implementation, importation, impregnation, improvisation, imputation, inactivation, inauguration, incantation, incapacitation, incarceration, incarnation, inclination, incoordination, incorporation, incrimination, incrustation, incubation, indentation, indexation, indignation, indoctrination, industrialization, infatuation, infestation, infiltration, inflammation, inflation, information, inhabitation, inhalation, initiation, innovation, inoculation, insemination, insinuation, inspiration, installation, instigation, institutionalization, instrumentation, insubordination, insulation, integration, internationalization, interpretation, interrogation, intimation, intimidation, intonation, inundation, invalidation, investigation, invitation, ionization, irradiation, irrigation, irritation, isolation, jubilation, laceration, lactation, legalization, legislation, levitation, liberalization, liberation, libration, ligation, limitation, liquidation, litigation, localization, machination, magnetization, malformation, manifestation, manipulation, marginalization, masturbation, maturation, maximization, mechanization, mediation, meditation, menstruation, migration, mineralization, miniaturization, ministration, misappropriation, miscalculation, mischaracterization, miscreation, misinformation, misinterpretation, misrepresentation, mitigation, mobilization, moderation, modernization, modulation, molestation, monopolization, motivation, mutation, mutilation, narration, nation, nationalization, naturalization, navigation, negation, negotiation, neutralization, nitration, nomination, nondiscrimination, nonproliferation, normalization, notation, nucleation, obligation, observation, occupation, operation, optimization, oration, orchestration, ordination, organisation, organization, orientation, origination, ornamentation, oscillation, ostentation, ovation, overpopulation, overregulation, overvaluation, ovulation, oxidation, pagination, palpitation, participation, pasteurization, penetration, perforation, permutation, perpetuation, personalization, perspiration, perturbation, pigmentation, plantation, polarization, politicization, pollination, popularization, population, precipitation, predestination, premeditation, preoccupation, preparation, presentation, preservation, pressurization, privation, privatization, probation, proclamation, procrastination, procreation, profanation, proliferation, pronunciation, propagation, proration, prostration, protestation, punctuation, quotation, radiation, radicalization, rationalization, reaffirmation, realization, reauthorization, recalculation, recantation, recapitalization, recitation, reclamation, recommendation, reconciliation, reconfiguration, reconfirmation, reconsideration, recreation, recrimination, recuperation, redecoration, reevaluation, reexamination, reflation, reforestation, reformation, refrigeration, refutation, regeneration, regimentation, registration, regulation, rehabilitation, rehydration, reincarnation, reincorporation, reinterpretation, reinvigoration, reiteration, rejuvenation, relation, relaxation, remediation, remuneration, renationalization, renegotiation, renomination, renovation, renunciation, reorganization, reparation, repatriation, representation, repudiation, reputation, reregulation, reservation, resignation, respiration, restoration, resuscitation, retaliation, retardation, revaluation, revelation, reverberation, revitalization, rotation, rumination, salvation, sanitation, saturation, securitization, sedation, sedimentation, segmentation, segregation, sensation, separation, sequestration, simulation, situation, socialization, solicitation, specialization, speculation, stabilization, stagflation, stagnation, standardization, starvation, station, sterilization, stimulation, stipulation, strangulation, subluxation, subordination, subsidization, substantiation, suburbanization, summation, superstation, tabulation, taxation, temptation, termination, titillation, toleration, transformation, transillumination, translation, transplantation, transportation, trepidation, triangulation, tribulation, undervaluation, unionization, urbanization, usurpation, utilization, vaccination, vacillation, validation, valuation, vaporization, variation, vegetation, ventilation, vibration, victimization, violation, visitation, visualization, vulgarization, westernization. |
| 3 | -sh u n | abduction, abolition, abortion, absolution, absorption, abstraction, academician, accession, accretion, acquisition, action, addiction, addition, admission, admonition, adoption, advection, affection, affliction, aggression, alliteration, alternation, ambition, ammunition, antiabortion, anticorruption, apparition, apportion, apprehension, ascension, ashen, assertion, assumption, attention, attraction, attribution, attrition, auction, audition, beautician, benediction, brutalization, caption, carburetion, caution, circulation, circumspection, clinician, coalition, coercion, cognition, collection, commission, commotion, compassion, competition, completion, complexion, composition, comprehension, compression, compulsion, compunction, conception, conceptualization, concession, concoction, concussion, condescension, condition, conduction, confection, confession, conjunction, connection, conniption, conscription, constitution, constriction, construction, consumption, contention, contortion, contraception, contraction, contradiction, contraption, contribution, contrition, convection, convention, conviction, convolution, convulsion, correction, corruption, counterrevolution, crucifixion, cushion, deception, decimation, decommission, decomposition, decompression, deconstruction, deduction, defection, definition, deletion, demolition, demotion, dentition, depiction, depletion, deposition, depression, dereliction, description, desertion, destitution, destruction, detection, detention, deterioration, devolution, devotion, diction, dietitian, diffraction, digression, dilution, dimension, diminution, direction, disaffection, disconnection, discretion, discussion, disinfection, disposition, disruption, dissatisfaction, dissection, dissension, dissolution, distinction, distortion, distraction, distribution, dysfunction, edition, egyptian, ejection, election, electrician, electrocution, elocution, emission, emotion, emulsion, encryption, erection, erudition, eruption, eviction, evolution, exaction, exception, excoriation, excretion, execution, exemption, exertion, exhibition, expansion, expedition, exposition, expression, expulsion, extension, extinction, extortion, extraction, extradition, faction, fashion, fiction, fission, flexion, formalization, fraction, freshen, friction, fruition, function, gentian, geriatrician, gumption, hessian, homogenization, hypertension, hypotension, ignition, impassion, imperfection, imposition, impression, inaction, inception, incineration, indiscretion, induction, infarction, infection, inflection, infliction, infraction, inhibition, injection, injunction, inquisition, inscription, insertion, inspection, institution, instruction, insurrection, interaction, interception, intercession, interconnection, interdiction, interjection, intermission, interruption, intersection, introduction, introspection, intuition, invention, junction, jurisdiction, juxtaposition, lilliputian, liposuction, liquefaction, locomotion, logician, lotion, magician, malfunction, malnutrition, mansion, martian, mathematician, mention, midsection, misapprehension, misconception, misimpression, misperception, mission, mortician, motion, munition, musician, nonaggression, nonfiction, nonprescription, notion, nutrition, objection, obsession, obstetrician, obstruction, ocean, omission, opposition, oppression, optician, option, overconsumption, overexpansion, overproduction, overprotection, overreaction, oversimplification, partition, passion, patrician, pediatrician, pension, perception, percussion, perfection, permission, persecution, petition, physician, politician, pollution, portion, position, possession, potion, precaution, precession, preconception, precondition, prediction, predilection, predisposition, preelection, preemption, preignition, premonition, prescription, presumption, presupposition, pretension, prevention, procession, production, profession, progression, prohibition, projection, promotion, proportion, proposition, propulsion, proscription, prosecution, prostitution, protection, ration, reaction, reassertion, reception, recession, recognition, recollection, recondition, reconstruction, redefinition, redemption, redirection, redistribution, reduction, reeducation, reelection, reflection, regression, reimposition, reinspection, reintegration, reintroduction, reinvention, rejection, remission, rendition, repercussion, repetition, reposition, repossession, repression, reproduction, requisition, resolution, restitution, restriction, resumption, resurrection, retention, retraction, retransmission, retribution, revolution, revulsion, rhetorician, sanction, satisfaction, secession, secretion, section, sedition, seduction, selection, session, solution, statistician, submission, subscription, subsection, substation, substitution, subtraction, succession, suction, superstition, supposition, suppression, suspension, suspicion, syncopation, tactician, technician, tension, theoretician, titian, traction, tradition, transaction, transcription, transection, transgression, transition, transmission, tuition, venetian, volition, workstation. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-a-b-c-d-i-i-n-o-t" | |
-2 letters: actinoid, botanica, diatonic. | |
-3 letters: abiotic, actinia, antacid, biontic, botanic, conidia, diction, tabanid. | |
-4 letters: action, anodic, atonic, bandit, bionic, biotic, biotin, bonaci, bonita, cation, dacoit, indaba, indict, niobic, obtain. | |
-5 letters: abaci, acini, actin, antic, bacon, banco, baton, bindi, binit, biont, biota, cabin, canid, canto, coati, cobia, cotan, danio, dicot, dicta, idiot, iodic, iodin, ionic, naiad, nicad, nitid, octad, octan, oidia, ontic, tabid, tibia, tondi, tonic. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-a-b-c-d-i-i-n-o-t" | |
+1 letter: abdications. | |
+2 letters: nonadiabatic. | |
+5 letters: decarburization. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)41 62 64 69 63 61 74 69 6F 6E |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
|
Morse Code (1836) (references).- -... -.. .. -.-. .- - .. --- -. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
|
Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01000001 01100010 01100100 01101001 01100011 01100001 01110100 01101001 01101111 01101110 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)A b d i c a t i o n |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0041 0062 0064 0069 0063 0061 0074 0069 006F 006E |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)35687075696786758180 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Quotations: Familiar 8. Quotations: Fiction | 9. Quotations: Non-fiction 10. Usage Frequency 11. Expressions 12. Expressions: Internet | 13. Translations: Modern 14. Translations: Ancient 15. Derivations 16. Rhymes | 17. Anagrams 18. Orthography 19. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
